Combined effects of temperature changes and metal contamination at different levels of biological organization in yellow perch

This study assessed the impact of increasing seawater surface temperature (SST) and toxic algal abundance (TAA) on the accumulation, tissue distribution and elimination dynamics of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) in mussels. Mytilus coruscus were fed with the PSTs-producing dinoflagellate A. catenella under four simulated environment conditions. The maximum PSTs concentration was determined to be 3548 µg STX eq.kg−1, which was four times higher than the EU regulatory limit. The increasing SST caused a significant decline in PSTs levels in mussels with rapid elimination rates, whereas high TAA increased the PSTs concentration. As a result, the PSTs toxicity levels decreased under the combined condition. Additionally, toxin burdens were assessed within shellfish tissues, with the highest levels quantified in the hepatopancreas. It is noteworthy that the toxin burden shifted towards the mantle from gill, muscle and gonad at the 17th day. Moreover, variability of PSTs was measured, and was associated with changes in each environmental factor. Hence, this study primarily illustrates the combined effects of SST and TAA on PSTs toxicity, showing that increasing environmental temperature is of benefit to lower PSTs toxicity with rapid elimination rates.

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Scarcity of scale-free topology is universal across biochemical networks

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-85903-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Harrison B. Smith ◽

Hyunju Kim ◽

Sara I. Walker

Keyword(s):

Large Body ◽

Biochemical Networks ◽

Biological Organization ◽

Scale Free ◽

Levels Of Organization ◽

Common Structure ◽

Domains Of Life ◽

Ecosystem Level ◽

Different Levels ◽

Organizing Principles

AbstractBiochemical reactions underlie the functioning of all life. Like many examples of biology or technology, the complex set of interactions among molecules within cells and ecosystems poses a challenge for quantification within simple mathematical objects. A large body of research has indicated many real-world biological and technological systems, including biochemistry, can be described by power-law relationships between the numbers of nodes and edges, often described as “scale-free”. Recently, new statistical analyses have revealed true scale-free networks are rare. We provide a first application of these methods to data sampled from across two distinct levels of biological organization: individuals and ecosystems. We analyze a large ensemble of biochemical networks including networks generated from data of 785 metagenomes and 1082 genomes (sampled from the three domains of life). The results confirm no more than a few biochemical networks are any more than super-weakly scale-free. Additionally, we test the distinguishability of individual and ecosystem-level biochemical networks and show there is no sharp transition in the structure of biochemical networks across these levels of organization moving from individuals to ecosystems. This result holds across different network projections. Our results indicate that while biochemical networks are not scale-free, they nonetheless exhibit common structure across different levels of organization, independent of the projection chosen, suggestive of shared organizing principles across all biochemical networks.

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Combined Effects of Temperature and High pH on Mortality and the Stress Response of Rainbow Trout after Stocking

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society ◽

10.1577/1548-8659(1997)126<0985:ceotah>2.3.co;2 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 126 (6) ◽

pp. 985-998 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Eric J. Wagner ◽

Thomas Bosakowski ◽

Steven Intelmann

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Stress Response ◽

Combined Effects ◽

High Ph ◽

Effects Of Temperature

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Methods in field chronobiology

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2016.0247 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 372 (1734) ◽

pp. 20160247 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Davide M. Dominoni ◽

Susanne Åkesson ◽

Raymond Klaassen ◽

Kamiel Spoelstra ◽

Martin Bulla

Keyword(s):

Technological Development ◽

Monitoring Systems ◽

Migratory Restlessness ◽

Biological Organization ◽

Rapid Improvement ◽

Free Living ◽

The Future ◽

In The Wild ◽

Temporal Aspect ◽

Different Levels

Chronobiological research has seen a continuous development of novel approaches and techniques to measure rhythmicity at different levels of biological organization from locomotor activity (e.g. migratory restlessness) to physiology (e.g. temperature and hormone rhythms, and relatively recently also in genes, proteins and metabolites). However, the methodological advancements in this field have been mostly and sometimes exclusively used only in indoor laboratory settings. In parallel, there has been an unprecedented and rapid improvement in our ability to track animals and their behaviour in the wild. However, while the spatial analysis of tracking data is widespread, its temporal aspect is largely unexplored. Here, we review the tools that are available or have potential to record rhythms in the wild animals with emphasis on currently overlooked approaches and monitoring systems. We then demonstrate, in three question-driven case studies, how the integration of traditional and newer approaches can help answer novel chronobiological questions in free-living animals. Finally, we highlight unresolved issues in field chronobiology that may benefit from technological development in the future. As most of the studies in the field are descriptive, the future challenge lies in applying the diverse technologies to experimental set-ups in the wild. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Wild clocks: integrating chronobiology and ecology to understand timekeeping in free-living animals’.

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