Less depressive symptoms are associated with smaller hippocampus in subjective memory impairment

Background: Subjective memory impairment (SMI) is associated with negative health outcomes including mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. However, ethnic differences in SMI and disparities in risk factors associated with SMI among minority populations are understudied. The study examined the ethnic differences in SMI, whether SMI was associated with depressive symptoms, sleep, and physical activity (PA), and whether the associations vary across racial/ethnic groups. Methods: Participants included 243 African and Asian Americans (including Chinese, Vietnamese, and Korean Americans) aged 50 or older. Demographic information, SMI, depressive symptoms, daily sleeping hours, and PA levels were assessed. Results: Vietnamese Americans reported the highest SMI score. Depressive symptoms, sleeping hours, and PA levels were significantly associated with SMI. Depressive symptoms were the only significant factor across all ethnic groups. Significant interaction effects were found between ethnicity and health behaviors in predicting SMI. In particular, Vietnamese American participants with greater depressive symptoms and physical inactivity were significantly more likely to experience SMI compared to other ethnic groups Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate ethnic differences in SMI and its association with depressive symptoms, sleep, and PA, which highlight the importance of considering the unique cultural and historical backgrounds across different racial/ethnic groups when examining cognitive functioning in elderly.

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Couple processes of family economic hardship, depressive symptoms, and later-life subjective memory impairment: moderating role of relationship quality

Aging & Mental Health ◽

10.1080/13607863.2020.1758917 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Kandauda A. S. Wickrama ◽

Catherine Walker O’Neal

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Relationship Quality ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Later Life ◽

Economic Hardship ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment ◽

Moderating Role

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Age of major depression onset, depressive symptoms, and risk for subsequent dementia: results of the German Study on Ageing, Cognition, and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe)

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291712002449 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 1597-1610 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

K. Heser ◽

F. Tebarth ◽

B. Wiese ◽

M. Eisele ◽

H. Bickel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Sex Education ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Late Onset ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment ◽

Dementia Risk ◽

Incident Dementia ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact

BackgroundWhether late-onset depression is a risk factor for or a prodrome of dementia remains unclear. We investigated the impact of depressive symptoms and early- v. late-onset depression on subsequent dementia in a cohort of elderly general-practitioner patients (n = 2663, mean age = 81.2 years).MethodRisk for subsequent dementia was estimated over three follow-ups (each 18 months apart) depending on history of depression, particularly age of depression onset, and current depressive symptoms using proportional hazard models. We also examined the additive prediction of incident dementia by depression beyond cognitive impairment.ResultsAn increase of dementia risk for higher age cut-offs of late-onset depression was found. In analyses controlling for age, sex, education, and apolipoprotein E4 genotype, we found that very late-onset depression (aged ⩾70 years) and current depressive symptoms separately predicted all-cause dementia. Combined very late-onset depression with current depressive symptoms was specifically predictive for later Alzheimer's disease (AD; adjusted hazard ratio 5.48, 95% confidence interval 2.41–12.46, p < 0.001). This association was still significant after controlling for cognitive measures, but further analyses suggested that it was mediated by subjective memory impairment with worries.ConclusionsDepression might be a prodrome of AD but not of dementia of other aetiology as very late-onset depression in combination with current depressive symptoms, possibly emerging as a consequence of subjectively perceived worrisome cognitive deterioration, was most predictive. As depression parameters and subjective memory impairment predicted AD independently of objective cognition, clinicians should take this into account.

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EXAMINING THE TEMPORAL ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN SUBJECTIVE MEMORY IMPAIRMENT AND DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igy023.2879 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. 778-778

Author(s):

I Bhang ◽

J Mogle ◽

N Hill ◽

E Whitaker ◽

S Bhargava ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment

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Patterns of subjective memory impairment in the elderly: association with memory performance

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291707001122 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 37 (12) ◽

pp. 1753-1762 ◽

Cited By ~ 86

Author(s):

FRANK JESSEN ◽

BIRGITT WIESE ◽

GABRIELA CVETANOVSKA ◽

ANGELA FUCHS ◽

HANNA KADUSZKIEWICZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Daily Living ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Memory Performance ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Delayed Recall ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment ◽

Memory Complaints

AbstractBackgroundThe association of subjective memory impairment (SMI) with cognitive performance in healthy elderly subjects is poor because of confounds such as depression. However, SMI is also a predictor for future dementia. Thus, there is a need to identify subtypes of SMI that are particularly related to inferior memory performance and may represent at-risk stages for cognitive decline.MethodA total of 2389 unimpaired subjects were recruited from the German Study on Ageing, Cognition and Dementia in Primary Care Patients (AgeCoDe), as part of the German Competence Network on Dementia. Clusters of SMI according to patterns of response to SMI questions were identified. Gender, age, depressive symptoms, apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotype, delayed recall and verbal fluency were included in a Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis to identify discriminators between the clusters.ResultsWe identified three clusters. Cluster 1 contained subjects without memory complaints. Cluster 2 contained subjects with general memory complaints, but mainly without memory complaints on individual tasks of daily living. Cluster 3 contained subjects with general memory complaints and complaints on individual tasks of daily living. Depressive symptoms, as the first-level discriminator, distinguished between clusters 1 and 2versuscluster 3. In subjects with only a few depressive symptoms, delayed recall discriminated between cluster 1versusclusters 2 and 3.ConclusionsIn SMI subjects with only a minor number of depressive symptoms, memory complaints are associated with delayed recall. As delayed recall is a sensitive predictor for future cognitive decline, SMI may be the first manifestation of future dementia in elderly subjects without depression.

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Cognitive Blackouts in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Dementia

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra ◽

10.1159/000486478 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 72-76

Author(s):

Georg Adler ◽

Agnies Marczak ◽

Jana Binder

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Early Recognition ◽

Alzheimer’S Dementia ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Alzheimer's Dementia ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment

Background: Cognitive blackouts, e.g. moments of amnesia, disorientation, or perplexity may be an early sign of incipient Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). A short questionnaire, the checklist for cognitive blackouts (CCB), was evaluated cross-sectionally in users of a memory clinic. Methods: The CCB was performed in 130 subjects, who further underwent a neuropsychological and clinical examination. Subjective memory impairment and depressive symptoms were assessed. Differences in the CCB score between diagnostic groups and relationships with cognitive performance, depression, and subjective memory impairment were analyzed. Results: The CCB score was increased in mild cognitive impairment of the amnestic type or mild AD and correctly predicted 69.2% of the respective subjects. It was negatively correlated with cognitive performance, positively correlated with depressive symptoms, and substantially increased in subjects who estimated their memory poorer than that of other persons of their age. Discussion: The CCB may be a helpful screening tool for the early recognition of AD.

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The Anterior-posterior Functional Connectivity Disconnection in the Elderly with Subjective Memory Impairment and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Current Alzheimer Research ◽

10.2174/1567205017666200525015017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 373-381

Author(s):

Wuhai Tao ◽

Jinping Sun ◽

Xin Li ◽

Wen Shao ◽

Jing Pei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Long Distance ◽

Whole Brain ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment

Background: Subjective Memory Impairment (SMI) may tremendously increase the risk of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The full understanding of the neuromechanism of SMI will shed light on the early intervention of AD. Methods: In the current study, 23 Healthy Controls (HC), 22 SMI subjects and 24 amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) subjects underwent the comprehensive neuropsychological assessment and the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. The difference in the connectivity of the Default Mode Network (DMN) and Functional Connectivity (FC) from the Region of Interest (ROI) to the whole brain were compared, respectively. Results: The results showed that HC and SMI subjects had significantly higher connectivity in the region of the precuneus area compared to aMCI subjects. However, from this region to the whole brain, SMI and aMCI subjects had significant FC decrease in the right anterior cingulum, left superior frontal and left medial superior frontal gyrus compared to HC. In addition, this FC change was significantly correlated with the cognitive function decline in participants. Conclusion: Our study indicated that SMI subjects had relatively intact DMN connectivity but impaired FC between the anterior and posterior brain. The findings suggest that long-distance FC is more vulnerable than the short ones in the people with SMI.

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Parental dementia and subjective memory impairment in the health and retirement study

Aging & Mental Health ◽

10.1080/13607863.2021.1910790 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Tyler R. Bell ◽

Nikki L. Hill ◽

Sakshi Bhargava ◽

Jacqueline Mogle

Keyword(s):

Memory Impairment ◽

Health And Retirement Study ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment ◽

Retirement Study

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Long-term subjective memory after electroconvulsive therapy

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2020.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Robert Sigström ◽

Axel Nordenskjöld ◽

Anders Juréus ◽

Caitlin Clements ◽

Erik Joas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽

Memory Impairment ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Subjective Memory ◽

Subjective Memory Impairment ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Negative Expectations

Background There have been reports of long-term subjective memory worsening after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Aims To study the prevalence and risk factors of long-term subjective memory worsening among patients receiving ECT in routine clinical practice. Method Patients (n = 535, of whom 277 were included in the final analysis) were recruited from eight Swedish hospitals. Participants' subjective memory impairment was assessed before ECT and a median of 73 days after ECT using the memory item from the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale. Participants also rated their pre-ECT expectations and post-ECT evaluations of the effect of ECT on memory on a 7-point scale. We used ordinal regression to identify variables associated with subjective memory worsening and negative evaluations of the effect of ECT on memory. Results Comparisons of pre- and post-ECT assessments showed that subjective memory worsened in 16.2% of participants, remained unchanged in 52.3% and improved in 31.4%. By contrast, when asked to evaluate the effect of ECT on memory after treatment 54.6% reported a negative effect. Subjective memory worsening was associated with negative expectations before ECT, younger age and shorter duration of follow-up. Conclusions Although subjective memory improved more often than it worsened when assessed before and after ECT, a majority of patients reported that ECT had negative effects on their memory when retrospectively asked how ECT had affected it. This might suggest that some patients attribute pre-existing subjective memory impairment to ECT. Clinicians should be aware that negative expectations are associated with subjective worsening of memory after ECT.

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