Measurement of mercury, other trace elements and major ions in wet deposition at Jomsom: The semi-arid mountain valley of the Central Himalaya

The distribution of dissolved chemical elements (major ions, nutrients, and trace elements) in the Yenisei River estuary and adjacent water area in 2009 and 2010 are presented. These results were compared to the data obtained during previous hydrochemical studies of this region. The transport of major cations (Na, K, Mg, Ca) and some trace elements (Rb, Cs, Sr, B, F, As, Mo, U) in the estuary follows conservative mixing. Alkalinity also belongs to conservative components, however this parameter exhibits substantial spatial heterogeneity caused by complex hydrological structure of the Yenisei Bay and adjoining part of the Kara Sea formed under the influence of several sources of desalination and salty waters inflow. Concentrations of Pmin, Si, and V in the desalinized waters of photic layer decrease seaward owing to uptake by phytoplankton. The losses of these elements reach 30–57, 30, and 9% of their supply by river runoff, respectively. The content of dissolved phosphates and vanadium in the intermediate and near-bottom layers of the Yenisei River estuary strongly increases with salinity due to regeneration of precipitated organic matter, whereas silica remineralization is much less pronounced. Barium is characterized by additional input of dissolved forms in the mixing zone in the quantity comparable to that carried out by river runoff. This may be caused by its desorption from river suspended matter due to ion exchange. The transport of dissolved Al and Mn in the estuarine zone is probably controlled by the coagulation and flocculation of organic and organomineral colloids, which is indicated by a decrease in the concentration of these elements at the beginning of the estuary (31 and 56%, respectively) followed by a stable concentration further seaward.

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Lake Superior Atmospheric Wet Deposition 1980-1983

Water Quality Research Journal ◽

10.2166/wqrj.1987.028 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 365-376

Author(s):

C. H. Chan ◽

L. H. Perkins

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Deposition ◽

Wet Deposition ◽

Major Ions ◽

Lake Superior ◽

Relative Accuracy ◽

Lake Chemistry ◽

Total Load ◽

Wet Precipitation ◽

Percentage Basis ◽

Nitrogen Loadings

Abstract Wet deposition estimates were computed from monthly wet precipitation samples collected in the Lake Superior Basin. Sulphate and nitrogen loadings from wet precipitation corresponded to 142 and 40 thousand tonnes per year. On a percentage basis, wet deposition of sulphate and nitrogen accounted for 21% and 54%, respectively, of the total load. Atmospheric sources for other major ions ranged from 1 to 10%. Atmospheric deposition at the eastern end of Lake Superior was higher than the western end of the Basin. The relative accuracy of these estimates were examined in relation to the changes in lake chemistry in Lake Superior from 1973 to 1983.

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Dry and wet deposition of microplastics in a semi-arid region (shiraz, Iran)

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147358 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 147358

Author(s):

Sajjad Abbasi ◽

Andrew Turner

Keyword(s):

Arid Region ◽

Wet Deposition ◽

Dry And Wet Deposition ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

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Chemical characterization of fine particular matter in Changzhou, China and source apportionment with offline aerosol mass spectrometry

10.5194/acp-2016-883 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhaolian Ye ◽

Jiashu Liu ◽

Aijun Gu ◽

Feifei Feng ◽

Yuhai Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Source Apportionment ◽

Major Ions ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Traffic Emissions ◽

Aerosol Mass

Abstract. Knowledge on aerosol chemistry in densely populated regions is critical for reduction of air pollution, while such studies haven't been conducted in Changzhou, an important manufacturing base and polluted city in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China. This work, for the first time, performed a thorough chemical characterization on the fine particular matter (PM2.5) samples, collected during July 2015 to April 2016 across four seasons in Changzhou city. A suite of analytical techniques were employed to characterize organic carbon / elemental carbon (OC / EC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs), trace elements, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5; in particular, an Aerodyne soot particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SP-AMS) was deployed to probe the chemical properties of water-soluble organic aerosols (WSOA). The average PM2.5 concentrations were found to be 108.3 μg m−3, and all identified species were able to reconstruct ~ 80 % of the PM2.5 mass. The WSIIs occupied about half of the PM2.5 mass (~ 52.1 %), with SO42−, NO3− and NH4+ as the major ions. On average, nitrate concentrations dominated over sulfate (mass ratio of 1.21), indicating influences from traffic emissions. OC and EC correlated well with each other and the highest OC / EC ratio (5.16) occurred in winter, suggesting complex OC sources likely including both secondarily formed and primarily emitted OA. Concentrations of eight trace elements (Mn, Zn, Al, B, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb) can contribute up to 6.0 % of PM2.5 during winter. PAHs concentrations were also high in winter (140.25 ng m−3), which were predominated by median/high molecular weight PAHs with 5- and 6-rings. The organic matter including both water-soluble and water-insoluble species occupied ~ 20 % PM2.5 mass. SP-AMS determined that the WSOA had an average atomic oxygen-to-carbon (O / C), hydrogen-to-carbon (H / C), nitrogen-to-carbon (N / C) and organic matter-to-organic carbon (OM / OC) ratios of 0.36, 1.54, 0.11, and 1.74, respectively. Source apportionment of WSOA further identified two secondary OA (SOA) factors (a less oxidized and a more oxidized OA) and two primary OA (POA) factors (a nitrogen enriched hydrocarbon-like traffic OA and a cooking-related OA). On average, the POA contribution overweighed SOA (55 % vs. 45 %), indicating the important role of local anthropogenic emissions to the aerosol pollution in Changzhou. Our measurement also shows the abundance of organic nitrogen species in WSOA, and the source analyses suggest these species likely associated with traffic emissions, which warrants more investigations on PM samples from other locations.

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Source and origin of atmospheric trace elements entrapped in winter snow of the Italian Eastern Alps

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ◽

10.5194/acpd-6-8781-2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 8781-8815 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P. Gabrielli ◽

G. Cozzi ◽

S. Torcini ◽

P. Cescon ◽

C. Barbante

Keyword(s):

Boundary Layer ◽

Trace Elements ◽

Mass Spectrometer ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Major Ions ◽

Eastern Alps ◽

Field Mass ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Winter Snow ◽

Snow Samples

Abstract. Trace elements concentrations were determined in shallow snow samples from 21 sites in the Italian Eastern Alps in order to identify the sources of the contaminants present in the tropospheric winter boundary layer. The collection of superficial snow layers was carried out weekly at altitudes between 1000 and 3000 m next to meteorological stations, far away from villages, roads and ski slopes. Ultra clean procedures were adopted in order to avoid contamination of the snow during the different experimental phases. Trace elements (Ag, Ba, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Pb, Sb, Ti, U, V and Zn) were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Sector Field Mass Spectrometer (ICP-SFMS). Ancillary parameters such as major ions (SO42−, NO3−, Ca2+;, Mg2+, K

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Trace elements and Pb isotope composition of annual tree rings and pine needles growing in highly industrialized region in southern Poland

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-9587 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Sensuła ◽

Nathalie Fagel

Keyword(s):

Trace Elements ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Tree Rings ◽

Wet Deposition ◽

Isotope Ratio ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Pine Needles ◽

Pb Isotope ◽

Southern Poland ◽

Icp Ms

Trees can provide annual records of ecosystem changes connected with human activity over several decades. These changes can be recorded in the pattern of variation of tree-rings widths and in the variation in the elemental composition of wood. Analysis of trace metal pollution is based on the assumption that element concentrations in tree foliage and tree rings represent element availability in the environment.We determined the chemical composition of pine needles and annual tree rings to monitor environmental contamination in an urban forest environment in the most industrialized part of southern Poland.The concentrations of trace elements (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) and the Pb isotope composition were measured in needles from&#160;Pinus sylvestris&#160;L. growing in nine urban forests near five factories. Trace elemental concentration and Pb isotope ratio were determined by ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS, respectively. The needles were characterized based on the concentrations of Cr, ranging from 0.05 to 0.7 mg/kg, Co, from 0.005 to 0.075 mg/kg, Ni, from 0.12 to 0.66 mg/kg, Cu, from 0.49 to 1.0 mg/kg, Zn, from 3.9 to 14 mg/kg, and Pb, from 0.06 to 0.53 mg/kg. The&#160;208Pb/206Pb ratio ranged from 2.08 to 2.11 and the&#160;206Pb/207Pb ratio between 1.15 and 1.17. The heterogeneity of Pb isotope ratio indicates that there are different sources affecting the Pb isotopic composition of pine needles (Sensu&#322;a et al., 2021).In one of the investigated site, a radial trace-element profiles were determined by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (Laser ablation: New Wave Research UP-193 FX Fast Excimer, ICP-MS: Thermo Scientific X-Series2 with CCT -Collision Cell Technology) at Royal Museum for Central Africa (Belgium). LA-ICP-MS provides a repeatable, minimally destructive, sensitive method for determining many elements in wood tissue, with relatively high spatial resolution.Temporal variations of element concentration (median) in annual tree-rings of pines were compared with time series of wet deposition of pollutant and air pollutant concentration in the investigated area.&#160;The similar trends of magnitudes changes can be observed between analysed elements concentration (Na, Mg, Fe, Ni, Zn) and total wet deposition of these elements in the environment during vegetation period or these elements concentration in the rain (Sensu&#322;a et al. 2017).&#160;Different space-time patterns of element accumulation in pine needles and annaul tree rings were observed. The variation in isotopic composition reflects a mix between different anthropogenic sources.&#160;References:Sensu&#322;a, B., Wilczy&#324;ski, S., Monin, L., Allan, M., Pazdur, A., & Fagel, N. (2017). Variations of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood of pine growing in the area nearby chemical factories,&#160;Geochronometria,&#160;44(1), 226-239. doi:&#160;https://doi.org/10.1515/geochr-2015-0064Sensu&#322;a, B., Fagel, N., & Michczy&#324;ski, A. (2021). Radiocarbon, trace elements and pb isotope composition of pine needles from a highly industrialized region in southern Poland.&#160;Radiocarbon,&#160;1-14. doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.132

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