Reply to the Letter to the Editor: “The need for differentiating between exercise, physical activity, and training.” Budde et al. Autoimmun Rev (2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-290
Author(s):  
Pascale Duché ◽  
Emmanuelle Rochette ◽  
Etienne Merlin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Letter To The Editor ◽  
And Training

Becoming a Physical Activity Leader (PAL): Skills, Responsibilities, and Training

Strategies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
By Peter Stoepker ◽  
Brian Dauenhauer ◽  
Russell L. Carson ◽  
Jaimie McMullen, ◽  
Justin B. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
And Training

scholarly journals Physical activity counselling in Ireland: a survey of doctors’ knowledge, attitudes and self-reported practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah O'Brien ◽  
Lucia Prihodova ◽  
Mairéad Heffron ◽  
Peter Wright
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Royal College ◽  
Patient Preference ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Pharmaceutical Intervention ◽  
And Training ◽  
Do So

ObjectivePhysical activity (PA) counselling has been shown to raise awareness of the importance of PA and to increase the rate of PA engagement among patients. While much attention has been paid to examining the knowledge, attitudes and practice of general practitioners in relation to PA counselling, there is less literature examining such issues in hospital-based doctors in Ireland and further afield. This study aimed to explore doctors’ PA counselling practices and to analyse how this related to their level of PA knowledge, training and attitudes.MethodsAn invitation to participate in an online survey was sent to 4692 members of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland who were listed as having an address in Ireland. Descriptive and explorative analyses of the data were performed using IBM SPSS V.22.0.ResultsA total of 595 valid responses were included (response rate 12.7%; 42.7% male, 42.6±12.1 years). The majority reported enquiring about PA levels (88.0%) and providing PA counselling (86.4%) in at least some of their patients. Doctors who saw it as their role and those who felt more effective/confident in providing PA counselling were significantly more likely to do so. A perceived lack of patient interest in PA and patient preference for pharmaceutical intervention were significant barriers to undertaking PA counselling.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the need for further education and training in PA counselling in Ireland with a particular focus on improving the attitudes and self-efficacy of doctors in this area at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels.

Exercise and Training in Women, Part I: Influence of Gender on Exercise and Training Responses

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy J. Shephard
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Employment Standards ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Hormonal Milieu ◽  
Core Body ◽  
Exercise And Training ◽  
And Training ◽  
Average Woman

Exercise and training responses in women are briefly reviewed. Part I of the paper considers the influence of gender on such responses. The average woman has a smaller inherent aerobic power and less muscular strength than a man, reflecting sociocultural influences, physical size, body composition, and hormonal milieu. Nevertheless, the best-trained women can out-perform sedentary men. The handicap of the average woman is offset by a lighter body mass and a tendency to metabolize fat rather than carbohydrate during exercise. A lack of anabolic hormones may limit training increases of muscle bulk in the female. A low initial fitness may enhance the scope for training tolerance, but it also limits tolerance of conditioning. Nevertheless, women seem less vulnerable than men to exercise-induced sudden death and overtraining. Part II of the review considers the influence of the menstrual cycle and pregnancy upon exercise and training responses. Physical activity programmes for young women should take account of possible pregnancy. Potential dangers to the foetus include an excessive rise of core body temperature, a decrease of maternal blood sugar, and foetal hypoxia. Nevertheless, regular moderate exercise generally has a favourable impact upon pregnancy outcomes. Key Words: sex differences, sociocultural issues, biological differences, physical activity, conditioning, menstruation, pregnancy, employment standards

scholarly journals The Perception of Physical Activity and Sports Professionals’ Competence in Working With Individuals With Disabilities in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Gutiérrez-Conejo ◽  
María-Dolores González-Rivera ◽  
Antonio Campos-Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Perceived Importance ◽  
And Training

The importance of professional competence lies in the effective application of job-oriented knowledge and skills which guarantee one’s successful adaptation to the work. This study analyzes the perception of the importance of physical activity and sports (PAS) professionals’ competence in working with individuals with disabilities in Spain. As a descriptive quantitative study, face-to-face interviews were conducted through a survey to extract the data. The sample consisted of 214 PAS professionals working with people with disabilities. According to the results, the analyzed constituents of professional competence are important for adequate performance (>65%), with the exception of competences of leadership and use of new technologies (<50%). It was also found that the perceived importance of each element of professional competence varies according to age, experience and training. Based on the obtained results, the degree of importance of each constituent of professional competence and its implication for the access of people with disabilities to high-quality physical activity and sports services was determined.

Effects of exercise on endothelium and endothelium/smooth muscle cross talk: role of exercise-induced hemodynamics

2011 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Newcomer ◽  
Dick H. J. Thijssen ◽  
D. J. Green
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
And Training

Physical activity, exercise training, and fitness are associated with decreased cardiovascular risk. In the context that a risk factor “gap” exists in the explanation for the beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular disease, it has recently been proposed that exercise generates hemodynamic stimuli which exert direct effects on the vasculature that are antiatherogenic. In this review we briefly introduce some of the in vitro and in vivo evidence relating exercise hemodynamic modulation and vascular adaptation. In vitro data clearly demonstrate the importance of shear stress as a potential mechanism underlying vascular adaptations associated with exercise. Supporting this is in vivo human data demonstrating that exercise-mediated shear stress induces localized impacts on arterial function and diameter. Emerging evidence suggests that exercise-related changes in hemodynamic stimuli other than shear stress may also be associated with arterial remodeling. Taken together, in vitro and in vivo data strongly imply that hemodynamic influences combine to orchestrate a response to exercise and training that regulates wall stress and peripheral vascular resistance and contributes to the antiatherogenic impacts of physical activity, fitness, and training.

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