Psychological distress and infectious disease mortality in the general population

BACKGROUND The first nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic was implemented in Vietnam from April 1 to 15, 2020. Nevertheless, there has been limited information on the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological health of the public. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of psychological issues and identify the factors associated with the psychological impact of COVID-19 during the first nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. METHODS We employed a cross-sectional study design with convenience sampling. A self-administered, online survey was used to collect data and assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants from April 10 to 15, 2020. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) were utilized to assess psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress of participants during social distancing due to COVID-19. Associations across factors were explored using regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 1385 respondents completed the survey. Of this, 35.9% (n=497) experienced psychological distress, as well as depression (n=325, 23.5%), anxiety (n=195, 14.1%), and stress (n=309, 22.3%). Respondents who evaluated their physical health as average had a higher IES-R score (beta coefficient [B]=9.16, 95% CI 6.43 to 11.89), as well as higher depression (B=5.85, 95% CI 4.49 to 7.21), anxiety (B=3.64, 95% CI 2.64 to 4.63), and stress (B=5.19, 95% CI 3.83 to 6.56) scores for DASS-21 than those who rated their health as good or very good. Those who self-reported their health as bad or very bad experienced more severe depression (B=9.57, 95% CI 4.54 to 14.59), anxiety (B=7.24, 95% CI 3.55 to 10.9), and stress (B=10.60, 95% CI 5.56 to 15.65). Unemployment was more likely to be associated with depression (B=3.34, 95% CI 1.68 to 5.01) and stress (B=2.34, 95% CI 0.84 to 3.85). Regarding worries about COVID-19, more than half (n=755, 54.5%) expressed concern for their children aged <18 years, which increased their IES-R score (B=7.81, 95% CI 4.98 to 10.64) and DASS-21 stress score (B=1.75, 95% CI 0.27 to 3.24). The majority of respondents (n=1335, 96.4%) were confident about their doctor’s expertise in terms of COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment, which was positively associated with less distress caused by the outbreak (B=–7.84, 95% CI –14.58 to –1.11). CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the effect of COVID-19 on mental health during the nationwide lockdown among the general population in Vietnam. The study provides useful evidence for policy decision makers to develop and implement interventions to mitigate these impacts. CLINICALTRIAL

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478. Psychological Distress among Infectious Disease Physicians during the Response to the COVID-19 Outbreak in the Republic of Korea

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.671 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S305-S305

Author(s):

Se Yoon Park ◽

Bongyoung Kim ◽

Dong Sik Jung ◽

Sook In Jung ◽

Won Sup Oh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Infection Control ◽

Personal Protective Equipment ◽

Text Message ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Republic Of Korea ◽

Protective Equipment ◽

The Republic

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate psychological distress among infectious disease (ID) physicians during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in the Republic of Korea. Methods Using an online-based survey link sent via text message and email, we conducted a survey from April 21 to 25, 2020, targeting all ID physicians currently working in ID (n = 265). The questionnaire was based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales, and information was collected on factors protecting against psychological distress and difficulties in relation to COVID-19. Results Of 265 ID physicians, 115 (43.3%) responded, showing burnout (97, 90.4%), depression (20, 17.4%), anxiety (23, 20.0%), and stress (5, 4.3%). There were no differences in terms of distress between ID physicians who were directly involved in the care of patients with COVID-19 or not (Table 1). Greater than 50% of physicians valued their work and felt recognized by others, whereas < 10% indicated that sufficient human and financial support and private time had been provided during the outbreak. The most challenging issues concerned a lack of human resources for COVID-19 treatment or infection control, a shortage of personal protective equipment or airborne infection isolation rooms, pressure for research, and lack of guidelines for COVID-19 management (Figure 1). Table 1. Figure 1. Difficulties in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 19; HCWs, healthcare workers; ICPs, infection control practitioners; IRB, Institutional Review Board; PPE, personal protective equipment Conclusion During the COVID-19 outbreak in the ROK, most respondents reported psychological distress. Preparing strategies for infectious disease outbreaks that support ID physicians is essential. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Narrative synthesis of psychological and coping responses towards emerging infectious disease outbreaks in the general population: practical considerations for the COVID-19 pandemic

Singapore Medical Journal ◽

10.11622/smedj.2020046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 61 (7) ◽

pp. 350-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

QH Chew ◽

KC Wei ◽

S, Vasoo ◽

HC Chua ◽

K Sim

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

General Population ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Emerging Infectious Disease ◽

Narrative Synthesis ◽

Coping Responses ◽

Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽

And Coping

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Mortality in East African shorthorn zebu cattle under one year: predictors of infectious-disease mortality

BMC Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/1746-6148-9-175 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 175 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Samuel M Thumbi ◽

Mark Bronsvoort ◽

Henry Kiara ◽

PG Toye ◽

Jane Poole ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Zebu Cattle ◽

East African ◽

Disease Mortality ◽

One Year

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Emotional Management, Psychological Issues, and Motivational Interviewing

Motivational Interviewing in HIV Care ◽

10.1093/med/9780190619954.003.0012 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 115-122

Author(s):

Pierre N. Azzam

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

General Population ◽

Motivational Interviewing ◽

Psychiatric Symptoms ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Patient Centered ◽

Future Directions ◽

Psychological Issues ◽

Emotional Management ◽

Living With Hiv

People living with HIV (PLWH) experience significant psychological distress and are at risk of developing psychiatric symptoms and disorders similar to those seen in the general population. This chapter summarizes and reviews the psychological issues and challenges experienced by PLWH and discusses the integration of motivational interviewing (MI) into the patient-centered multifaceted medical and psychological care of PLWH. In the closing section, the author looks at future directions for using MI to care for PLWH and suffering from depression, anxiety, and/or trauma-based disorders and argues that further studies are needed to elucidate the efficacy, advantages, and potential limitations of MI for mitigating emotional distress specifically in PLWH.

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Age, period, and cohort effects on infectious disease mortality in Korea, 1983-2017

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.490 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

H-S Kim ◽

S J Eun

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Financial Crisis ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Global Financial Crisis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Cohort Effects ◽

Economic Downturn ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Disease Mortality

Abstract Background Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide, and constitute a significant burden of disease, even in developed countries including Korea. Although different ages, periods, and cohorts may affect mortality, few studies analyzed the epidemiologic pattern of infectious disease mortality considering these effects. This study aimed to estimate the age-period-cohort effects on infectious disease mortality in Korea. Methods The national death certificate and census mid-year population estimates data from 1983 to 2017 were categorized into 5-year age groups and 5-year periods. Infant deaths were excluded due to incomplete data. Intrinsic estimator regression models were fitted to estimate age-period-cohort effects on infectious disease mortality. Results A J-shaped age effect declined from age 1-4 years (intrinsic estimator coefficient [IEC] 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52, 0.85), the lowest at age 20-24 years (IEC -1.68; 95% CI -1.85, -1.51), and then increased with age. The declining trend of period effects was slowed down in 1998-2002 (after the 1997-1998 Asian economic crisis), and turned to an upward trend from 2008-2012 (after the 2008-2009 global financial crisis). The cohort effect increased from the earliest cohort born before 1905 (IEC -1.17, 95% CI -1.35, -0.98), peaked in the 1941-1945 cohort (IEC 1.20, 95% CI 1.10, 1.29), then plateaued out (IEC ranged from 0.93 to 1.10), and has continued to decline since the 1966-1970 cohort in which rapid economic growth began. Conclusions There were clear age, period, and cohort effects on infectious disease mortality in Korea. Through the period and cohort effects, the economic downturn and upturn might have increased or reduced infectious disease mortality, respectively. Recent upward trend in infectious disease mortality after the 2008-2009 financial crisis suggests a need to strengthen prevention and control of infectious diseases. Key messages It is important to consider age-period-cohort effects in identifying the epidemiologic pattern of infectious disease mortality trend and finding its underlying drivers. Economic cycle might have influenced infectious disease mortality through period and cohort effects.

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