Vasorelaxant effect of the Lippia alba essential oil and its major constituent, citral, on the contractility of isolated rat aorta

Aims: To evaluate the vasorelaxant effect induced by the essential oil of the leaves of O. duckei Vattimo (ODEO) and its main constituent, trans-caryophyllene, in rat superior mesenteric arteries. Methodology: Isolated rat superior mesenteric rings were suspended by cotton threads for isometric tension recordings in Tyrode’s solution at 37ºC, gassed with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 and different ODEO concentrations (0.1-300 μg/mL) or trans-caryophyllene (1-1000 μg/mL) were added cumulatively to the organ baths. Results: Vasorelaxant effect induced by the essential oil of Ocotea duckei leaves (ODEO) and its main constituent, trans-caryophyllene (60.54 %), was evaluated in this work. In intact isolated rat superior mesenteric rings ODEO (0.1-300 μg/mL, n=6) induced concentration-dependent relaxation of tonus induced by phenylephrine (10 µM) or K+-depolarizing solution (KCl 80 mM) (IC50=31±5, 5±0.4 µg/mL, respectively, n=6). The relaxations of phenylephrine-induced contractions were not significantly attenuated after removal of the vascular endothelium (IC50=25±5 µg/mL). ODEO antagonized the concentration-response curves to CaCl2 (10-6-3x10-2 M) and Bay K 8644 (10-10-3x10-6 M). Furthermore, in nominally without calcium solution, ODEO significantly inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, transient contractions induced by 10 µM phenylephrine or 20 µM caffeine. Trans-caryophyllene induced vasorelaxations, however, this effect was 18.6 times less potent when compared to ODEO-induced vasorelaxations. Conclusion: The relaxant effect induced by ODEO in rat superior mesenteric artery rings is endothelium-independent and seems to be related to both, inhibition of Ca2+ influx through L-type voltage-gated Ca2+-channels sensitive to dihydropyridines and inhibition of the calcium release from intracellular IP3-and caffeine-sensitive stores.

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Vasorelaxant Effect of Novel Nitric Oxide-Hydrogen Sulfide Donor Chalcone in Isolated Rat Aorta: Involvement of cGMP Mediated sGC and Potassium Channel Activation

Current Molecular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1874467212666191025092346 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 126-136

Author(s):

Amol Sherikar ◽

Rakesh Dhavale ◽

Manish Bhatia

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Methylene Blue ◽

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Potassium Channel ◽

Rat Aorta ◽

Tetraethylammonium Chloride ◽

Vasorelaxant Effect ◽

Activation Assay ◽

Isolated Rat

Background and Objective: : Recently, nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donating moieties were extensively studied for their role in the vasculature as they are responsible for many cellular and pathophysiological functioning. The objective of the present study is to evaluate novel NO and H2S donating chalcone moieties on isolated rat aorta for vasorelaxation, and to investigate the probable mechanism of action. Methods:: To extend our knowledge of vasorelaxation by NO and H2S donor drugs, here we investigated the vasorelaxing activity of novel NO and H2S donating chalcone moieties on isolated rat aorta. The mechanism of vasorelaxation by these molecules was investigated by performing in vitro cGMP mediated sGC activation assay and using Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) as a potassium channel blocker and Methylene blue as NO blocker. Results:: Both NO and H2S donating chalcone moieties were found to be potent vasorelaxant. The compound G4 and G5 produce the highest vasorelaxation with 3.716 and 3.789 M of pEC50, respectively. After the addition of TEA, G4 and G5 showed 2.772 and 2.796 M of pEC50, respectively. The compounds Ca1, Ca2, and D7 produced significant activation and release of cGMP mediated sGC which was 1.677, 1.769 and 1.768 M of pEC50, respectively. Conclusion: : The vasorelaxation by NO-donating chalcones was blocked by Methylene blue but it did not show any effect on H2S donating chalcones. The vasorelaxing potency of NO-donating molecules was observed to be less affected by the addition of TEA but H2S donors showed a decrease in both efficacy and potency. The cGMP release was more in the case of NO-donating molecules. The tested compounds were found potent for relaxing vasculature of rat aorta.

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The Effect of Silymarin Flavonolignans and Their Sulfated Conjugates on Platelet Aggregation and Blood Vessels Ex Vivo

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11102286 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2286 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jana Pourová ◽

Lenka Applová ◽

Kateřina Macáková ◽

Marie Vopršalová ◽

Thomas Migkos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Rat Aorta ◽

Food Supplement ◽

Liver Disorders ◽

Biologically Relevant ◽

Vasorelaxant Effect ◽

Traditional Drug ◽

Isolated Rat

Silymarin is a traditional drug and food supplement employed for numerous liver disorders. The available studies indicate that its activities may be broader, in particular due to claimed benefits in some cardiovascular diseases, but the contributions of individual silymarin components are unclear. Therefore, we tested silymarin flavonolignans as pure diastereomers as well as their sulfated metabolites for potential vasorelaxant and antiplatelet effects in isolated rat aorta and in human blood, respectively. Eleven compounds from a panel of 17 tested exhibited a vasorelaxant effect, with half maximal effective concentrations (EC50) ranging from 20 to 100 µM, and some substances retained certain activity even in the range of hundreds of nM. Stereomers A were generally more potent as vasorelaxants than stereomers B. Interestingly, the most active compound was a metabolite—silychristin-19-O-sulfate. Although initial experiments showed that silybin, 2,3-dehydrosilybin, and 2,3-dehydrosilychristin were able to substantially block platelet aggregation, their effects were rapidly abolished with decreasing concentration, and were negligible at concentrations ≤100 µM. In conclusion, metabolites of silymarin flavonolignans seem to have biologically relevant vasodilatory properties, but the effect of silymarin components on platelets is low or negligible.

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Vasorelaxant Effect of 5′-Methylthioadenosine Obtained fromCandida utilisYeast Extract through the Suppression of Intracellular Ca2+Concentration in Isolated Rat Aorta

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00679 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (17) ◽

pp. 3362-3370

Author(s):

Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee ◽

Sayaka Akiyama ◽

Tomomi Saiki ◽

Masato Omae ◽

Kazuhiro Hamasawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rat Aorta ◽

Vasorelaxant Effect ◽

Isolated Rat

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Effect ofCymbopogon citratusand Citral on Vascular Smooth Muscle of the Isolated Thoracic Rat Aorta

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/539475 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

R. Chitra Devi ◽

S. M. Sim ◽

R. Ismail

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽

Relaxation Effect ◽

Rat Aorta ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Protective Properties ◽

Relaxant Effect ◽

Vasorelaxant Effect ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Dose Dependent

Cymbopogon citratushas been shown to have antioxidant, antimicrobial, antispasmodic and chemo-protective properties. Citral, is the major constituent ofC. citratus. This study investigated the effects of methanolic extracts of leaves (LE), stems (SE), and roots (RE) ofC. citratusand citral on vascular smooth muscle and explored their possible mechanisms of action. The experiment was conducted using isolated tissue preparations, where citral, LE, SE, and RE were added separately into a tissue bath that contained aortic rings, which were pre-contracted with phenylephrine (PE). Citral, LE, and RE exhibited a dose-dependent relaxant effect on the PE-induced contractions. Citral appeared to partially act via NO as its vasorelaxant effect was attenuated by L-NAME. However, the effect of LE may involve prostacyclin as indomethacin reversed the relaxant effect of LE on the PE-induced contraction. Furthermore, citral, LE, and RE abolished the restoration of PE-induced contraction caused by the addition of increasing doses of calcium in both endothelium intact and denuded rings. These findings suggest that the relaxation effect of citral, LE, and RE is endothelium-independent and may be mainly by affecting the intracellular concentration of calcium. Citral may partially act through the NO pathway while a vasodilator prostaglandin may mediate the effect of LE.

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Vasorelaxant Effect of Mexican Medicinal Plants on Isolated Rat Aorta

Pharmaceutical Biology ◽

10.1080/13880200500220839 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 540-546 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Francisco Aguirre-Crespo ◽

Patricia Castillo-España ◽

Rafael Villalobos-Molina ◽

Juan Javier López-Guerrero ◽

Samuel Estrada-Soto

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Rat Aorta ◽

Vasorelaxant Effect ◽

Isolated Rat

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Myorelaxant action of the Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants essential oil and its major constituent α-terpinene in isolated rat trachea

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126923 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 325 ◽

pp. 126923

Author(s):

Luís Pereira-de-Morais ◽

Andressa de Alencar Silva ◽

Renata Evaristo Rodrigues da Silva ◽

Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro ◽

Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Rat Trachea ◽

Isolated Rat

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Vasorelaxant effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Teucrium Polium L. on isolated rat aorta

Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.29252/jnkums.4.1.35 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 35-43

Author(s):

E Feridoni ◽

S Niazmand ◽

F Harandizade ◽

SM Hosseini ◽

M Mahmodabadi

Keyword(s):

Rat Aorta ◽

Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽

Vasorelaxant Effect ◽

Teucrium Polium ◽

Teucrium Polium L ◽

Isolated Rat

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The essential oil of Lippia alba Mill (Lamiales:Verbenaceae) as mosquitocidal and repellent agent against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes aegypti Linn (Diptera: Culicidae)

The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology ◽

10.1186/s41936-019-0132-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sudarshana Mahanta ◽

Riju Sarma ◽

Bulbuli Khanikor

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Mosquito Species ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Life Stages ◽

Plant Essential Oils ◽

Lippia Alba ◽

Differential Vulnerability

Abstract Background Being a low-risk insecticide, plant essential oils emerge as competent mosquitocidal and repellent candidates. However, essential oil may act differently in different mosquito species and different developmental stages of same mosquito species. In the current investigation, we evaluated the ovicidal, larvicidal, adulticidal and repellent activities of essential oil extracted from the leaves of Lippia alba against two medically important mosquito species, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. The efficacy of the oil was assessed under laboratory conditions against different developmental stages of the selected species. Results From the findings, it can be inferred that L. alba oil is more effective as a repellent against both the targeted mosquito species. Results also demonstrated that ovicidal, larvicidal and repellent properties of the essential oil were higher against Culex quinquefasciatus than Aedes aegypti. GC-MS analysis of the oil showed the presence of aromadendrene oxide, caryophyllene oxide, etc. as major constituent compounds. Conclusion The outcomes of this study clearly indicated that the essential oil of L. alba has the potentiality to act more effectively as a repellent, followed by a larvicidal agent against mosquito and at the same time the results revealed differential vulnerability of different mosquito species and their life stages against a particular plant essential oil.

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