scholarly journals The pharmaco-toxicological conundrum of oleander: Potential role of gut microbiome

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 110422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyankar Dey
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Potential Role

scholarly journals The Exposome and Immune Health in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Javier S. Morales ◽  
Pedro L. Valenzuela ◽  
Adrián Castillo-García ◽  
Javier Butragueño ◽  
David Jiménez-Pavón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Immune Health

Growing evidence supports the importance of lifestyle and environmental exposures—collectively referred to as the ‘exposome’—for ensuring immune health. In this narrative review, we summarize and discuss the effects of the different exposome components (physical activity, body weight management, diet, sun exposure, stress, sleep and circadian rhythms, pollution, smoking, and gut microbiome) on immune function and inflammation, particularly in the context of the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. We highlight the potential role of ‘exposome improvements’ in the prevention—or amelioration, once established—of this disease as well as their effect on the response to vaccination. In light of the existing evidence, the promotion of a healthy exposome should be a cornerstone in the prevention and management of the COVID-19 pandemic and other eventual pandemics.

Potential Role of the Gut Microbiome in ALS: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Wright ◽  
Christina Fournier ◽  
Madelyn C. Houser ◽  
Malú Tansey ◽  
Jonathan Glass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Emerging Therapies ◽  
Microbiome Profile ◽  
Subsequent Publication ◽  
Als Patients

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) etiology and pathophysiology are not well understood. Recent data suggest that dysbiosis of gut microbiota may contribute to ALS etiology and progression. This review aims to explore evidence of associations between gut microbiota and ALS etiology and pathophysiology. Databases were searched for publications relevant to the gut microbiome in ALS. Three publications provided primary evidence of changes in microbiome profiles in ALS. An ALS mouse model revealed damaged tight junction structure and increased permeability in the intestine versus controls along with a shifted microbiome profile, including decreased levels of butyrate-producing bacteria. In a subsequent publication, again using an ALS mouse model, researchers showed that dietary supplementation with butyrate relieved symptoms and lengthened both time to onset of weight loss and survival time. In a small study of ALS patients and healthy controls, investigators also found decreased levels of butyrate-producing bacteria. Essential for maintaining gut barrier integrity, butyrate is the preferred energy source of intestinal epithelial cells. Ten other articles were reviews and commentaries providing indirect support for a role of gut microbiota in ALS pathophysiology. Thus, these studies provide a modicum of evidence implicating gut microbiota in ALS disease, although more research is needed to confirm the connection and determine pathophysiologic mechanisms. Nurses caring for these patients need to understand the gut microbiome and its potential role in ALS in order to effectively counsel patients and their families about emerging therapies (e.g., prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbial transplant) and their off-label uses.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiome Modulation for Preventing and Treating Pediatric Food Allergies

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5275
Author(s):  
Margherita Di Costanzo ◽  
Laura Carucci ◽  
Roberto Berni Canani ◽  
Giacomo Biasucci
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

The increasing prevalence and severity of pediatric food allergies (FA) demands innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence suggests a pivotal role for the gut microbiome in modulating susceptibility to FA. Studies have demonstrated that alteration of gut microbiome could precede FA, and that particular microbial community structures early in life could influence also the disease course. The identification of gut microbiome features in pediatric FA patients is driving new prevention and treatment approaches. This review is focused on the potential role of the gut microbiome as a target for FA prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Influence of gut microbiome on multiple myeloma: friend or foe?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000576
Author(s):  
Nausheen Ahmed ◽  
Mahmoud Ghannoum ◽  
Molly Gallogly ◽  
Marcos de Lima ◽  
Ehsan Malek
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Over Time

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of terminally differentiated plasma cells, which typically evolves over time from its precursor, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. While the underlying mechanisms of this evolution remain elusive, immunomodulatory factors affecting the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment are suspected to play a role. There is an increasing evidence that the gut microbiome exerts an influence on its host’s adaptive and innate immune systems, inflammatory pathways and the BM microenvironment. Dysbiosis, therefore, may impact tumorigenesis in MM. This article gives an overview of potential mechanisms by which the microbiome may influence the pathogenesis of MM, MM patients’ responses to treatment and toxicities experienced by MM patients undergoing autologous transplant. It also discusses the potential role of the mycobiome in MM, a less studied component of the microbiome.

scholarly journals Obesity and gut microbiome: review of potential role of probiotics

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e111
Author(s):  
Francine Schütz ◽  
Margarida Figueiredo-Braga ◽  
Pedro Barata ◽  
Natália Cruz-Martins
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Potential Role

scholarly journals Functional Constipation and the Gut Microbiome in Children: Preclinical and Clinical Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Avelar Rodriguez ◽  
Jelena Popov ◽  
Elyanne M. Ratcliffe ◽  
Erick Manuel Toro Monjaraz
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Clinical Evidence ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Conventional Management ◽  
Bowel Movements ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Functional constipation is a common condition in childhood with significant impact on patients' quality of life and on health care resources. Functional constipation is characterized by decreased bowel movements and/or hard stools, which cause significant distress for children and their caregivers. While the term “functional” may imply the absence of organic causes with a focus on behavioral aspects, 40% of children continue to have symptoms beyond conventional management with one in four children continuing to experience constipation into adulthood. The refractory and chronic nature of constipation highlights the importance of considering a range of pathophysiological mechanisms, including the potential role of the gut microbiome. In this review, we provide an overview of preclinical and clinical studies that focus on the potential mechanisms through which the gut microbiome might contribute to the clinical presentation of functional constipation in pediatrics.

A Review of the Brain-Gut-Microbiome Axis and the Potential Role of Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 849-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miao Sun ◽  
Kai Ma ◽  
Jie Wen ◽  
Guangxian Wang ◽  
Changliang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
The Brain

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

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