Complementary effects of Orthosiphon stamineus standardized ethanolic extract and rosmarinic acid in combination with gemcitabine on pancreatic cancer

Objective: This study aimed to perform pharmacokinetic profile of rosmarinic acid (RA), sinensitin (SIN), eupatorin (EUP) and 3΄-hydroxy-5,6,7,4΄-tetramethoxyflavone (TMF) in Orthosiphon stamineus ethanolic extract (OS-E) and its nanoliposomes (OS-EL) after oral and intravenous administration in Sprague-Dawley rat’s plasma by developing and validating a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with ultraviolet (UV) detection.Methods: An isocratic elution program consisting of methanol: tetrahydrofuran: water (0.1% H3PO4) mixture in the volume ratio 55: 5: 40 on Nucleosil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm internal diameter × 5 µm particles size) was applied. The current study followed a two-ways crossover study design. OS-E and OS-EL were administered orally at 1000 and 500 mg/kg, respectively. They were also administered intravenously at 250 mg/kg via the tail vein.Results: The HPLC-UV method was successfully developed and validated for simultaneous determination of major chemical constituent from OS-E and OS-EL in rat’s plasma. The method recorded the mean recoveries from extraction were between 91.39 and 100.32%. With regards to the intravenous administration of OS-EL, all four marker compounds appeared to be poorly distributed and cleared slowly from the body compared to OS-E. Whilst in oral administration of OS-EL, the bioavailability of all marker compounds were higher than OS-E due to higher solubility of encapsulation in phospholipids.Conclusion: The higher solubility and bioavailability of OS-EL may contribute to encapsulation in phospholipids.

Download Full-text

In vitro evaluation of cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of ethanolic extract of sweet apricot kernel on PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells

Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.1108/nfs-11-2020-0452 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Aamazadeh ◽

Jaleh Barar ◽

Yalda Rahbar Saadat ◽

Alireza Ostadrahimi

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Real Time ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Normal Cells ◽

Content Type ◽

Apricot Kernel ◽

Pancreatic Cancer Cells ◽

Apoptotic Effects

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic/apoptotic effects of sweet apricot kernel ethanolic extract (SAEE) on human cancerous PANC-1 and 293/KDR normal cells. Design/methodology/approach The extract was prepared by maceration, and its chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The biological effects of SAEE on PANC-1 and 293/KDR cells were investigated using MTT (3–(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) and AnnexinV/propidium iodide (PI) staining. The expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes was evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time q-PCR) analysis. Findings The SAEE showed the selective growth inhibitory activity against PANC-1 cells with an IC50 (the 50% inhibitory concentration) value of about 1 mg/mL at 72 h. Further investigations by DAPI staining and flow cytometry revealed nucleus fragmentation and elevation of apoptotic cells, respectively. Also, a significant decrease in B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated x protein (Bax) ratio (0.41, p = 0.001) and the up-regulation of caspase-3 expression (1.5 fold, p = 0.002) indicated the induction of apoptosis in PANC-1 cells but not in 293/KDR non-cancerous cells. These results suggest that SAEE could induce apoptosis in cancer cells via a mitochondrial dependent pathway. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis showed that the SAEE is rich in γ-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol. Overall, the findings suggest that because of the selective impacts of SAEE on PANC-1 cells, it can be considered as a supportive care in adjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer. However, the potent anticancer effects of main components of SAEE and its clinical value as an antitumor drug should be further investigated. Research limitations/implications Considerable limitations of this study were that the related mechanisms of selective impacts of SAEE on cancerous and normal cells and potent cytotoxic/apoptotic effects of γ-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol as major components of SAEE were not investigated. Originality/value Recently, a growing interest has been dedicated to plant-based natural products. Sweet apricot kernel exerts a number of pharmacological activities; however, the anticancer effect, related mechanisms and its active compounds were rarely investigated. In this study, the authors aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic/apoptotic effects of SAEE on human cancerous PANC-1 and 293/KDR normal cells.

Download Full-text

Ethanolic Extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Improves Memory in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia Model

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2019.01216 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thaarvena Retinasamy ◽

Mohd Farooq Shaikh ◽

Yatinesh Kumari ◽

Iekhsan Othman

Keyword(s):

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Orthosiphon Stamineus

Download Full-text

Anti-inflammatory effects of ethanolic extract of Rosmarinus officinalis L. and rosmarinic acid in a rat model of neuropathic pain

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.049 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 86 ◽

pp. 441-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Mahboobeh Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar ◽

Bahareh Amin ◽

Soghra Mehri ◽

Seyed Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh ◽

Hossein Hosseinzadeh

Keyword(s):

Neuropathic Pain ◽

Rat Model ◽

Rosmarinic Acid ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis L

Download Full-text

Sinensetin, eupatorin, 3′-hydroxy-5, 6, 7, 4′-tetramethoxyflavone and rosmarinic acid contents and antioxidative effect of Orthosiphon stamineus from Malaysia

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2004.01.008 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 559-566 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

G AKOWUAH ◽

I ZHARI ◽

I NORHAYATI ◽

A SADIKUN ◽

S KHAMSAH

Keyword(s):

Rosmarinic Acid ◽

Antioxidative Effect ◽

Orthosiphon Stamineus

Download Full-text

Antitumor-Promoting Effect of Ethanolic Extract from Leaves of Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Benth.) In Mouse Skin

MedPharmRes ◽

10.32895/ump.mpr.2.3.33 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 33-40

Author(s):

Quyen Vuu ◽

Thuy Huynh ◽

Hien Ha ◽

Trinh Huynh

Keyword(s):

Thin Layer ◽

Rosmarinic Acid ◽

Mouse Skin ◽

Latency Period ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Total Content ◽

Treated Group ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Perilla Frutescens ◽

Promoting Effect

This study aimed to investigate the antitumor-promoting effects of total ethanolic extract from Perilla leaf (PLE) in a two-stage chemical carcinogenesis protocol in mice. Quantitative analysis active compounds in PLE were performed by thin layer chromatography with normal phase of silica gel F254 and HPLC-PDA with reversed phase of C18 column at UV 300 nm. The cutaneous tumors were initiated by a single application by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) on the dorsal shaved skin, then promoted by repeated applications of croton oil during 20 weeks. PLE was topically applied daily until the end of the experiment. The results observed from thin layer chromatogram highlighted the presence of rosmarinic acid and luteolin in PLE. By means of HPLC-PDA analysis, the total content of rosmarinic acid and luteolin were found in amounts of 1.178 ± 0.011 % (w/w) and 0.105 ± 0.001 % (w/w), respectively. The PLE-treated group prolonged the latency period of tumor appearance up to 2 weeks and also significantly reduced tumor volume in dorsal skin of mice as compared to untreated group. In conclusion, the total ethanolic extract from leaves of Perilla frutescens demonstrated promising antitumor-promotion activity in mouse skin.

Download Full-text