In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of doxorubicin loaded with bacterial magnetosomes (DBMs) on H22 cells: The magnetic bio-nanoparticles as drug carriers

Background: Sulforaphane (SF, 1-isothiocyanato-4-(methyl-sulfinyl)-butane) is found in broccoli, cabbage and cauliflower. Methods: we performed a critical review on the antioxidative, chemopreventive and antitumor effects of SF from cruciferous vegetables against prostate cancers and molecular pathways. For a complete and reliable review, primary and secondary resources were used, including original and review articles, books and government documents published until March 2018. Articles that are in duplicity and disconnected are not considered for review. SF is derived from glucoraphanin (4-methyl-sulfinyl-butyl-glucosinate), being one of the most commonly found isothiocyanates in vegetables from Brassica spp., especially in broccoli samples. In vitro studies indicate that SF induces apoptosis in a dependent or non-dependent method of androgens by transcription of tumor suppressor genes, oxidation response and higher expression of phase II enzymes in prostate cancer cells. Sulforaphane also decreases transcription of the nuclear factor kB and antiapoptotic proteins, expression of cyclin D2 and survivin and DNA synthesis, increases Nrf2 gene activity, interferes with genome compacting by inhibition of histone deacetylases and disrupts Hsp90 complexes, which cause cell cycle arrest, mitosis interruption, activation of caspases and mitochondria depolarization. Conclusion: SF and cruciferous vegetables play antioxidative and chemopreventive role, delaying or blocking in vivo carcinogenesis, causing biochemical and epigenetic changes, preventing, delaying, or reversing preneoplastic or advanced prostate lesions, and frequently activating tumor cell death by intrinsic methods of apoptosis. These outcomes encourage the consumption of Brassica specimens, which could be easily achieved by the incorporation of food and vegetables rich in cruciferous isothiocyanates in the diet.

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The impact of FGF19/FGFR4 signaling inhibition in antitumor activity of multi-kinase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-84117-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hiroaki Kanzaki ◽

Tetsuhiro Chiba ◽

Junjie Ao ◽

Keisuke Koroki ◽

Kengo Kanayama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Kinase Inhibitors ◽

Progression Free Survival ◽

Erk Signaling ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Antitumor Effects ◽

The Impact

AbstractFGF19/FGFR4 autocrine signaling is one of the main targets for multi-kinase inhibitors (MKIs). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying FGF19/FGFR4 signaling in the antitumor effects to MKIs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. In this study, the impact of FGFR4/ERK signaling inhibition on HCC following MKI treatment was analyzed in vitro and in vivo assays. Serum FGF19 in HCC patients treated using MKIs, such as sorafenib (n = 173) and lenvatinib (n = 40), was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Lenvatinib strongly inhibited the phosphorylation of FRS2 and ERK, the downstream signaling molecules of FGFR4, compared with sorafenib and regorafenib. Additional use of a selective FGFR4 inhibitor with sorafenib further suppressed FGFR4/ERK signaling and synergistically inhibited HCC cell growth in culture and xenograft subcutaneous tumors. Although serum FGF19high (n = 68) patients treated using sorafenib exhibited a significantly shorter progression-free survival and overall survival than FGF19low (n = 105) patients, there were no significant differences between FGF19high (n = 21) and FGF19low (n = 19) patients treated using lenvatinib. In conclusion, robust inhibition of FGF19/FGFR4 is of importance for the exertion of antitumor effects of MKIs. Serum FGF19 levels may function as a predictive marker for drug response and survival in HCC patients treated using sorafenib.

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Facile sonochemical-assisted synthesis of orthorhombic phase black phosphorus/rGO hybrids for effective photothermal therapy

Nanophotonics ◽

10.1515/nanoph-2019-0476 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 3023-3034

Author(s):

Weiyuan Liang ◽

Dou Wang ◽

Xiaohui Ren ◽

Chenchen Ge ◽

Hanyue Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrode Materials ◽

Orthorhombic Phase ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Black Phosphorus ◽

Antitumor Effects ◽

Covalent Bonds ◽

Preparation Conditions ◽

Reduced Graphene

AbstractTwo-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has been demonstrated to be promising in photoelectronic devices, electrode materials, and biomedicine owing to its outstanding properties. However, the application of BP has been hindered by harsh preparation conditions, high costs, and easy degradation in ambient condition. Herein, we report a facile and cost-effective strategy for synthesis of orthorhombic phase BP and a kind of BP-reduced graphene oxide (BP/rGO) hybrids in which BP remains stable for more than 4 weeks ascribed to the formation of phosphorus-carbon covalent bonds between BP and rGO as well as the protection effect of the unique wrinkle morphology of rGO nanosheets. Surface modification BP/rGO hybrids (PEGylated BP/rGO) exhibit excellent photothermal performance with photothermal conversion efficiency as high as 57.79% at 808 nm. The BP/rGO hybrids exhibit enhanced antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo, showing promising perspectives in biomedicine.

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Influence of icariin on inflammation, apoptosis, invasion, and tumor immunity in cervical cancer by reducing the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways

Cancer Cell International ◽

10.1186/s12935-021-01910-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chunyang Li ◽

Shuangqing Yang ◽

Huaqing Ma ◽

Mengjia Ruan ◽

Luyan Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Tissue Growth ◽

Migration And Invasion ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Antitumor Effects ◽

Siha Cells ◽

Cervical Cancer Cells

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is a type of the most common gynecology tumor in women of the whole world. Accumulating data have shown that icariin (ICA), a natural compound, has anti-cancer activity in different cancers, including cervical cancer. The study aimed to reveal the antitumor effects and the possible underlying mechanism of ICA in U14 tumor-bearing mice and SiHa cells. Methods The antitumor effects of ICA were investigated in vivo and in vitro. The expression of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways were evaluated. Results We found that ICA significantly suppressed tumor tissue growth and SiHa cells viability in a dose-dependent manner. Also, ICA enhanced the anti-tumor humoral immunity in vivo. Moreover, ICA significantly improved the composition of the microbiota in mice models. Additionally, the results clarified that ICA significantly inhibited the migration, invasion capacity, and expression levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-10 in SiHa cells. Meanwhile, ICA was revealed to promote the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells by down-regulating Ki67, survivin, Bcl-2, c-Myc, and up-regulating P16, P53, Bax levels in vivo and in vitro. For the part of mechanism exploration, we showed that ICA inhibits the inflammation, proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as promotes apoptosis and immunity in cervical cancer through impairment of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Conclusions Taken together, ICA could be a potential supplementary agent for cervical cancer treatment.

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In vitro evaluation of estrogenic, antiestrogenic and antitumor effects of amentoflavone

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327121999454 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 096032712199945

Author(s):

AT Aliyev ◽

S Ozcan-Sezer ◽

A Akdemir ◽

H Gurer-Orhan

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Breast Cancer Cells ◽

Antitumor Effects ◽

Antiestrogenic Activity ◽

Er Positive ◽

In Vivo Effects ◽

Mcf 7

Apigenin, a flavonoid, is reported to act as an estrogen receptor (ER) agonist and inhibit aromatase enzyme. However, amentoflavone, a biflavonoid bearing two apigenin molecules, has not been evaluated for its endocrine modulatory effects. Besides, it is highly consumed by young people to build muscles, enhance mood and lose weight. In the present study, apigenin was used as a reference molecule and ER mediated as well as ER-independent estrogenic/antiestrogenic activity of amentoflavone was investigated. Antitumor activity of amentoflavone was also investigated in both ER positive (MCF-7 BUS) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells and its cytotoxicity was evaluated in human breast epithelial cells (MCF-10A). Our data confirmed ER agonist, aromatase inhibitory and cytotoxic effects of apigenin in breast cancer cells, where no ER mediated estrogenic effect and physiologically irrelevant, slight, aromatase inhibition was found for amentoflavone. Although selective cytotoxicity of amentoflavone was found in MCF-7 BUS cells, it does not seem to be an alternative to the present cytotoxic drugs. Therefore, neither an adverse effect, mediated by an estrogenic/antiestrogenic effect of amentoflavone nor a therapeutical benefit would be expected from amentoflavone. Further studies could be performed to investigate its in vivo effects.

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Tumor cytotoxicity and immunogenicity of a novel V-jet neon plasma source compared to the kINPen

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80512-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lea Miebach ◽

Eric Freund ◽

Stefan Horn ◽

Felix Niessner ◽

Sanjeev Kumar Sagwal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Dendritic Cells ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Plasma Source ◽

In Vivo Model ◽

Antitumor Effects ◽

Plasma Device

AbstractRecent research indicated the potential of cold physical plasma in cancer therapy. The plethora of plasma-derived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) mediate diverse antitumor effects after eliciting oxidative stress in cancer cells. We aimed at exploiting this principle using a newly designed dual-jet neon plasma source (Vjet) to treat colorectal cancer cells. A treatment time-dependent ROS/RNS generation induced oxidation, growth retardation, and cell death within 3D tumor spheroids were found. In TUM-CAM, a semi in vivo model, the Vjet markedly reduced vascularized tumors' growth, but an increase of tumor cell immunogenicity or uptake by dendritic cells was not observed. By comparison, the argon-driven single jet kINPen, known to mediate anticancer effects in vitro, in vivo, and in patients, generated less ROS/RNS and terminal cell death in spheroids. In the TUM-CAM model, however, the kINPen was equivalently effective and induced a stronger expression of immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD) markers, leading to increased phagocytosis of kINPen but not Vjet plasma-treated tumor cells by dendritic cells. Moreover, the Vjet was characterized according to the requirements of the DIN-SPEC 91315. Our results highlight the plasma device-specific action on cancer cells for evaluating optimal discharges for plasma cancer treatment.

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Thiazolidinedione “Magic Bullets” Simultaneously Targeting PPARγ and HDACs: Design, Synthesis, and Investigations of their In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Effects

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00491 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kalpana Tilekar ◽

Jessica D. Hess ◽

Neha Upadhyay ◽

Alessandra Lo Bianco ◽

Markus Schweipert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antitumor Effects ◽

Design Synthesis

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Triacanthine exerts antitumor effects on bladder cancer in vitro and in vivo

Phytomedicine ◽

10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153069 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 153069 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Seung-Shick Shin ◽

Yu-Jin Park ◽

Byungdoo Hwang ◽

Sung Lyea Park ◽

Sang-Wook Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bladder Cancer ◽

Antitumor Effects

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Evaluation of Paclitaxel Nanocrystals In Vitro and In Vivo

Drug Research ◽

10.1055/s-0043-119461 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (04) ◽

pp. 205-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wanqing Li ◽

Zhiguo Li ◽

Lisha Wei ◽

Aiping Zheng

Keyword(s):

Drug Concentration ◽

Antitumor Effects ◽

High Drug ◽

High Drug Concentration ◽

Low Toxicity ◽

Nanoparticle Drug Delivery ◽

Antitumor Evaluation ◽

Mcf 7

AbstractWe created a novel paclitaxel (PTX) nanoparticle drug delivery system and compared this to acommercial injection preparation to evaluate the antitumor effects for both formulations in vivo and in vitro.PTXnanocrystals were 194.9 nm with potential of −29.6 mV. Cytotoxicity tests indicated that both formulations had similar effects and cytotoxicity was dose- and time-dependent.Pharmacodynamics indicated that the drug concentration at the tumor was greater with PTX nanocrystals compared to commercial injection (P<0.01) and that drug accumulated more and for a longer duration. In vivo antitumor evaluation indicated significant antitumor effects and low toxicity of PTX nanocrystals. Moreover, bioimaging indicated that the PTX retention time in MCF-7-bearing mice was longer, especially at the tumor site, and this high drug concentration was maintained for a long time.Overall, PTX nanocrystalsare feasible and superior to traditional injection formulation chemotherapy.

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