Highly Stable Heterogeneous Catalysts from Electric Furnace Dust for Biodiesel Production: Optimization, Performance and Reaction Kinetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Tong Wang ◽  
Di Gao ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
Ya-Nan Zeng ◽  
Jun-Guo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Electric Furnace ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Biodiesel Production

An Overview of Metal-organic Frameworks-based Acid/Base Catalysts for Biofuel Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 1876-1891
Author(s):  
Qiuyun Zhang ◽  
Yutao Zhang ◽  
Jingsong Cheng ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Peihua Ma
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Supported Catalysts ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Metal Organic Frameworks ◽  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Biofuel synthesis is of great significance for producing alternative fuels. Among the developed catalytic materials, the metal-organic framework-based hybrids used as acidic, basic, or supported catalysts play major roles in the biodiesel production. This paper presents a timely and comprehensive review of recent developments on the design and preparation of metal-organic frameworks-based catalysts used for biodiesel synthesis from various oil feedstocks, including MILs-based catalysts, ZIFs-based catalysts, UiO-based catalysts, Cu-BTC-based catalysts, and MOFs-derived porous catalysts. Due to their unique and flexible structures, excellent thermal and hydrothermal stability, and tunable host-guest interactions, as compared with other heterogeneous catalysts, metal-organic framework-based catalysts have good opportunities for application in the production of biodiesel at industrial scale.

scholarly journals An Overview of Biodiesel Production via Calcium Oxide Based Catalysts: Current State and Perspective

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3950
Author(s):  
Hoora Mazaheri ◽  
Hwai Chyuan Ong ◽  
Zeynab Amini ◽  
Haji Hassan Masjuki ◽  
M. Mofijur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysis ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Catalyst Synthesis ◽  
Process Improvements ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Common ◽  
Activity Mechanism

Biodiesel is a clean, renewable, liquid fuel that can be used in existing diesel engines without modification as pure or blend. Transesterification (the primary process for biodiesel generation) via heterogeneous catalysis using low-cost waste feedstocks for catalyst synthesis improves the economics of biodiesel production. Heterogeneous catalysts are preferred for the industrial generation of biodiesel due to their robustness and low costs due to the easy separation and relatively higher reusability. Calcium oxides found in abundance in nature, e.g., in seashells and eggshells, are promising candidates for the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts. However, process improvements are required to design productive calcium oxide-based catalysts at an industrial scale. The current work presents an overview of the biodiesel production advancements using calcium oxide-based catalysts (e.g., pure, supported, and mixed with metal oxides). The review discusses different factors involved in the synthesis of calcium oxide-based catalysts, and the effect of reaction parameters on the biodiesel yield of calcium oxide-based catalysis are studied. Further, the common reactor designs used for the heterogeneous catalysis using calcium oxide-based catalysts are explained. Moreover, the catalytic activity mechanism, challenges and prospects of the application of calcium oxide-based catalysts in biodiesel generation are discussed. The study of calcium oxide-based catalyst should continue to be evaluated for the potential of their application in the commercial sector as they remain the pivotal goal of these studies.

Biomass‐based heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production: A comprehensive review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indira Tobío‐Pérez ◽  
Yosvany Díaz Domínguez ◽  
Lizet Rodríguez Machín ◽  
Sven Pohl ◽  
Magín Lapuerta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Comprehensive Review

Optimized Preparation of Moringa Oleifera Methyl Esters Using Sulfated Tin Oxide as Heterogenous Catalyst

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Kafuku ◽  
Makme Mbarawa ◽  
Man Kee Lam ◽  
Keat Teong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Solid Catalyst ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Super Acid ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Oil

Fatty acid methyl esters (biodiesel), prepared from transesterification of vegetable oils or animal fats, have gained great importance in substituting petroleum based diesel for combating environmental problems and higher diesel prices. Moringa oleifera fatty acids are among the newly investigated potentials for biodiesel production in recent years. In getting rid of soap formation and thus large waste washing water from biodiesel produced from homogenous catalysts, the use of heterogeneous catalysts is currently preferred due to easily separation and purification of the final products. In this study, biodiesel was produced from moringa oleifera oil using sulfated tin oxide enhanced with SiO2 (SO42−/SnO2−SiO2) as super acid solid catalyst. The experimental design was done using design of experiment (DoE), specifically, response surface methodology based on three-variable central composite design (CCD) with alpha (α) = 2. The reaction parameters in the optimization process were reaction temperature (60°C to 180°C), reaction period (1 to 3 hrs) and methanol to oil ratio (1:6 to 1:24 mol/mol). It was observed that the yield up to 84wt% of moringa oleifera methyl esters can be obtained with reaction conditions of 150°C temperature, 150 minutes reaction time and 1:19.5 methanol to oil ratio, while catalyst concentration and agitation speed are kept at 3wt% and 350 rpm respectively.

Synthesis and application of carbon based heterogeneous catalysts for ultrasound assisted biodiesel production

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrata D. Gaikwad ◽  
Parag R. Gogate
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Temperature Programmed Desorption ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Carbon Based

AbstractIn the present work, carbon based heterogeneous acid catalysts have been prepared using various synthesis approaches based on the use of sustainable starting materials. The properties of the catalysts have been investigated using Fourier transformed infra-red (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), temperature-programmed desorption (NH

scholarly journals Trends in Widely Used Catalysts for Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME) Production: A Review

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1085
Author(s):  
Shafaq Nisar ◽  
Muhammad Asif Hanif ◽  
Umer Rashid ◽  
Asma Hanif ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Acid Methyl

The effective transesterification process to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) requires the use of low-cost, less corrosive, environmentally friendly and effective catalysts. Currently, worldwide biodiesel production revolves around the use of alkaline and acidic catalysts employed in heterogeneous and homogeneous phases. Homogeneous catalysts (soluble catalysts) for FAME production have been widespread for a while, but solid catalysts (heterogeneous catalysts) are a newer development for FAME production. The rate of reaction is much increased when homogeneous basic catalysts are used, but the main drawback is the cost of the process which arises due to the separation of catalysts from the reaction media after product formation. A promising field for catalytic biodiesel production is the use of heteropoly acids (HPAs) and polyoxometalate compounds. The flexibility of their structures and super acidic properties can be enhanced by incorporation of polyoxometalate anions into the complex proton acids. This pseudo liquid phase makes it possible for nearly all mobile protons to take part in the catalysis process. Carbonaceous materials which are obtained after sulfonation show promising catalytic activity towards the transesterification process. Another promising heterogeneous acid catalyst used for FAME production is vanadium phosphate. Furthermore, biocatalysts are receiving attention for large-scale FAME production in which lipase is the most common one used successfully This review critically describes the most important homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts used in the current FAME production, with future directions for their use.

Calcium Containing Silicate Mixed Oxide-Based Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 746-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tse-Ming Hsin ◽  
Senniang Chen ◽  
Enruo Guo ◽  
Chih-Hsiang Tsai ◽  
Marek Pruski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Biodiesel Production

Effect of Calcination Temperature and Time on Waste Heterogeneous Catalysts for Biodiesel Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarina Sulaiman ◽  
Siti Rohana
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Fish Bone ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Calcination Time ◽  
Mixed Waste ◽  
Homogenous Catalyst

This paper studies the effect of calcination time and temperature of mixed waste catalyst for optimization of FAME yield. Fish bone and mixture of coconut waste and eggshells were used to catalyzed the transesterification process. The parameter was tested on different calcination condition and the result shows that the optimum condition was achieved at condition 800 °C, 2 hours was 80.3 wt% of FAME yield for mixed coconut waste and eggshells and 85 wt% were obtained at 900 °C for fish bone catalyst at 225 rpm, 12:1 methanol to oil ratio and amount of catalyst, 3wt%. It can be concluded that waste heterogeneous catalyst exhibits as a cheaper substitute to the homogenous catalyst.

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