Overcoming multi-year impacts of maternal isotope signatures using multi-tracers and fast turnover tissues in juvenile sharks

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 129393
Author(s):  
Yuri Niella ◽  
Vincent Raoult ◽  
Troy Gaston ◽  
Victor M. Peddemors ◽  
Robert Harcourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Sharks

scholarly journals North Pacific warming shifts the juvenile range of a marine apex predator

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kisei R. Tanaka ◽  
Kyle S. Van Houtan ◽  
Eric Mailander ◽  
Beatriz S. Dias ◽  
Carol Galginaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Total Body Length ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Marine Predator ◽  
Spatial Shift ◽  
Marine Megafauna ◽  
Community Science ◽  
Juvenile Sharks

AbstractDuring the 2014–2016 North Pacific marine heatwave, unprecedented sightings of juvenile white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) emerged in central California. These records contradicted the species established life history, where juveniles remain in warmer waters in the southern California Current. This spatial shift is significant as it creates potential conflicts with commercial fisheries, protected species conservation, and public safety concerns. Here, we integrate community science, photogrammetry, biologging, and mesoscale climate data to describe and explain this phenomenon. We find a dramatic increase in white sharks from 2014 to 2019 in Monterey Bay that was overwhelmingly comprised of juvenile sharks < 2.5 m in total body length. Next, we derived thermal preferences from 22 million tag measurements of 14 juvenile sharks and use this to map the cold limit of their range. Consistent with historical records, the position of this cold edge averaged 34° N from 1982 to 2013 but jumped to 38.5° during the 2014–2016 marine heat wave. In addition to a poleward shift, thermally suitable habitat for juvenile sharks declined 223.2 km2 year−1 from 1982 to 2019 and was lowest in 2015 at the peak of the heatwave. In addition to advancing the adaptive management of this apex marine predator, we discuss this opportunity to engage public on climate change through marine megafauna.

scholarly journals Preliminary observations of tag shedding, tag reporting, tag wounds, and tag biofouling for raggedtooth sharks (Carcharias taurus) tagged off the east coast of South Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1640-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Dicken ◽  
A.J. Booth ◽  
M.J. Smale
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Juvenile Sharks ◽  
Carcharias Taurus ◽  
Tag Shedding

Abstract A double-tagging experiment and integrated on-site questionnaire and telephone survey were used to investigate aspects of tag shedding, tag reporting, tag wounds, and tag biofouling for the raggedtooth shark (Carcharias taurus), tagged off the east coast of South Africa. Between 2002 and 2004, 84 juvenile (<1.8 m total length, TL), and 24 adult (>1.8 m TL) C. taurus were double-tagged. Of these, 11 juvenile and six adult double-tagged sharks were recaptured. Significantly, more tags were shed from adult than from juvenile sharks, and there was also a significant difference between the number of anterior and posterior tags shed. Rates of tag reporting were estimated from a survey of 477 randomly selected shore-anglers, and they varied both temporally and spatially from 27% to 100%. In all, 93 tag recaptures were reported in the survey, most (75.3%) with some biofouling. Tag-inflicted damage was reported in 35.5% of recaptured sharks, and the incidence of tag-inflicted damage was greater for disk (77.8%) than for dart tags (25.3%).

scholarly journals Wet-season effects on the distribution of juvenile pigeye sharks, Carcharhinus amboinensis, in tropical nearshore waters

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Knip ◽  
Michelle R. Heupel ◽  
Colin A. Simpfendorfer ◽  
Andrew J. Tobin ◽  
James Moloney
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Freshwater Inflow ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Tropical River ◽  
Freshwater Flow ◽  
Nearshore Environments ◽  
High Flows ◽  
Juvenile Sharks

Tropical nearshore environments are highly dynamic systems owing to extreme freshwater flow and flooding episodes that occur in wet-season months. We hypothesised that juvenile sharks in tropical nearshore waters respond to seasonal freshwater inflow by moving away from areas of strong flow. An array of fifty-eight acoustic receivers deployed in Cleveland Bay, north Queensland, Australia, passively tracked thirty-two juvenile pigeye sharks, Carcharhinus amboinensis, throughout two wet seasons from 2008 to 2010. Influences associated with wet seasons appeared to play a role in habitat use by juvenile C. amboinensis in this region. Home ranges and distribution of individuals showed distinct changes, with individuals moving north away from sources of freshwater inflow during high flows. The location of individuals within the bay was strongly influenced by freshwater inflow in both years. Although juvenile C. amboinensis moved in response to freshwater inflow, home-range sizes remained stable, and the amount of space individuals used did not change in relation to freshwater inflow. By defining the response of juvenile sharks to highly variable freshwater flow events, this research provides useful information for understanding species behaviour in a dynamic and changing climate, and contributes towards effective management of tropical river systems.

Estimates of juvenile and adult raggedtooth shark (Carcharias taurus) abundance along the east coast of South Africa

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Laurence Dicken ◽  
Anthony John Booth ◽  
Malcolm John Smale
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Juvenile Survival ◽  
Tag Loss ◽  
Oceanographic Research ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Juvenile Sharks ◽  
Carcharias Taurus ◽  
Probability Of Capture

A Cormack–Jolly–Seber model was developed to estimate abundance, survival, and probability of capture for juvenile (<1.8 m total length, TL) and adult (>1.8 m TL) raggedtooth sharks (Carcharias taurus) along the east coast of South Africa. Model estimates were adjusted to account for tag loss, nonreporting, and after release mortality. The model was constructed using mark–recapture data from the Oceanographic Research Institute and Port Elizabeth Museum cooperative tagging programs from 1984 to 2004. The adjusted estimate for juvenile survival was 0.56 and that for adult survival was 0.89. The adjusted estimate of probability of capture for juvenile sharks ranged from 0.06 to 0.17, while that for adult sharks was from 0.02 to 0.04. The mean annual abundance of juvenile sharks was 6800 (coefficient of variation, CV = 13%) and adult sharks 16 700 (CV = 9%). The accumulated effect of tag loss, nonreporting, and after release mortality were to reduce the overall estimate of juvenile and adult abundance by approximately 50%. The adjusted estimate of population size for both juvenile and adult sharks over the last decade appears to have remained constant (P > 0.05).

Residency, space use and movement patterns of juvenile sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus) within a Virginia summer nursery area

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 223 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Conrath ◽  
J. A. Musick
Keyword(s):  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Nursery Area ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Shark Species ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
Carcharhinus Plumbeus ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
Passive Acoustic ◽  
Conservation And Management ◽  
Juvenile Sharks

Neonates and juveniles of many large coastal shark species occupy shallow inshore nursery areas during portions of the year. The identification of how these areas are used by large coastal shark populations is an important consideration in conservation and management efforts. An array of passive acoustic receivers was utilised to track the movements of 64 neonate and juvenile sandbar sharks within the Eastern Shore of Virginia summer nursery during the summers of 2003–2005. Residency patterns were variable during each year of the study, with younger sandbar sharks spending more time within the array area than older sharks. The number of detections was positively related to the distance of the receiver inshore from the inlet, indicating that young sandbar sharks preferentially utilise protected, shallow near-shore waters. Neonate and juvenile sandbar sharks tended to be detected more frequently within all areas of the inlet at slack tides, during the night and during early dawn hours. Periodogram analyses indicated that juvenile sharks tend to move in the direction of tidal currents. The present study documents large- and small-scale movement patterns of juvenile sandbar sharks and emphasises the importance of nursery-area habitats for this species.

scholarly journals PARAMETER POPULASI HIU MARTIL (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) DI PERAIRAN SELATAN NUSA TENGGARA

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Agus Arifin Sentosa ◽  
Dharmadi Dharmadi ◽  
Didik Wahju Hendro Tjahjo
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Population Parameters ◽  
Sphyrna Lewini ◽  
Hammerhead Shark ◽  
Scalloped Hammerhead ◽  
Main Target ◽  
Juvenile Sharks ◽  
Target Fishing

Hiu martil (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) merupakan salah satu target tangkapan bagi perikanan artisanal di Indonesia. Dengan status konservasi masuk dalam Appendix II CITES, pengelolaan terhadap hiu martil telah menjadi perhatian khusus di bidang perikanan tangkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji beberapa aspek parameter populasi hiu martil yang tertangkap di perairan selatan Nusa Tenggara pada periode Januari – Desember 2015. Data ukuran panjang dan jenis kelamin diperoleh di Tempat Pendaratan Ikan Tanjung Luar, Lombok Timur, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif menggunakan perangkat lunak FiSAT II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 634 ekor hiu martil yang tertangkap didominasi oleh jenis kelamin betina dengan sebaran ukuran panjang total berkisar antara 81 – 320 cm (rerata 211,2 cm) dan jenis kelamin jantan berkisar antara 91 – 310 cm (rerata 176,9 cm). Dominasi kelompok hiu muda yang belum matang kelamin berpotensi terjadinya recruitment overfishing. Hiu martil mampu mencapai panjang asimtot 399 cm. Laju pertumbuhan dan mortalitas jenis hiu jantan lebih tinggi dibandingkan jenis betina. Populasi hiu martil telah mengalami kondisi tangkap lebih sehingga perlu adanya regulasi dan pengelolaan agar pemanfaatannya tetap lestari. The scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834) is one of the main target fishing for artisanal shark fisheries in Indonesia. By the conservation status of Appendix II CITES, its management had been concerned in capture fisheries. This research aimed to assess some aspects of scalloped hammerhead shark population parameters caught in the southern of Nusa Tenggara in the period from January to December 2015. Fish length and sex was obtained in Tanjung Luar landing site, East Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. The analysis was done descriptively used FiSAT II software. The results showed that 634 individuals of hammerhead shark caught dominated by female with a total length size distribution ranging between 81-320 cm (mean 211.2 cm) and male ranged between 91-310 cm (mean 176.9 cm). The dominance catch of juvenile sharks with immature was potential to recruitment overfishing. Sphyrna lewini was capable of reaching 399 cm asymptotic length. The growth rate and mortality of male sharks was higher than female. The population of S. lewini had been overfished so that the regulation and management are needed in order to maintain their sustainability of the population.

Spatial and seasonal distribution patterns of juvenile and adult raggedtooth sharks (Carcharias taurus) tagged off the east coast of South Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Dicken ◽  
A. J. Booth ◽  
M. J. Smale ◽  
G. Cliff
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Juvenile Sharks ◽  
Carcharias Taurus

Understanding the movement patterns of raggedtooth sharks (Carcharias taurus) is crucial in defining habitat use and evaluating the effects of exploitation and anthropogenic activities. Between 1984 and 2004, 1107 C. taurus juveniles (<1.8-m TL) and 2369 C. taurus maturing subadults and adults (>1.8-m TL) were tagged and released along the east coast of South Africa. In total, 125 C. taurus juveniles and 178 C. taurus maturing subadults and adults were recaptured, representing recapture rates of 11.2% and 7.5% respectively. The average distance travelled by juvenile sharks was 18.7 km (95% CI = 10.8–26.6 km). Juvenile sharks displayed site fidelity to summer nursery areas. The average distance travelled by maturing and adult sharks was 342 km (95% CI = 275–409 km). One female shark, however, was recaptured 1897 km from its original release site. The average rate at which pregnant sharks moved south from their gestation to pupping grounds was 2.6 km day–1 (95% CI = 2.04–3.16 km day–1). This study highlights the differences in movement patterns between C. taurus juveniles and adults and suggests philopatric behaviour in both life-history stages.

scholarly journals Social learning in solitary juvenile sharks

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Vila Pouca ◽  
Dennis Heinrich ◽  
Charlie Huveneers ◽  
Culum Brown
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Juvenile Sharks
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