Electrostatic attraction of cationic pollutants by microplastics reduces their joint cytotoxicity

H2O2 treated K-doped graphitic carbon nitride presents an enhanced visible light absorption, which is due to the electrostatic attraction between K ions and OOH ions inside graphitic carbon nitride.

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A Healable and Mechanically Enhanced Composite with Segregated Conductive Network Structure for High-Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Nano-Micro Letters ◽

10.1007/s40820-021-00693-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ting Wang ◽

Wei-Wei Kong ◽

Wan-Cheng Yu ◽

Jie-Feng Gao ◽

Kun Dai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Interference ◽

Diels Alder ◽

Electrostatic Attraction ◽

List Type ◽

Shielding Effectiveness ◽

Emi Shielding ◽

Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

High Efficient ◽

Emi Se

Highlights The cationic waterborne polyurethanes microspheres with Diels-Alder bonds were synthesized for the first time. The electrostatic attraction not only endows the composite with segregated structure to gain high electromagnetic-interference shielding effectiveness, but also greatly enhances mechanical properties. Efficient healing property was realized under heating environment. Abstract It is still challenging for conductive polymer composite-based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials to achieve long-term stability while maintaining high EMI shielding effectiveness (EMI SE), especially undergoing external mechanical stimuli, such as scratches or large deformations. Herein, an electrostatic assembly strategy is adopted to design a healable and segregated carbon nanotube (CNT)/graphene oxide (GO)/polyurethane (PU) composite with excellent and reliable EMI SE, even bearing complex mechanical condition. The negatively charged CNT/GO hybrid is facilely adsorbed on the surface of positively charged PU microsphere to motivate formation of segregated conductive networks in CNT/GO/PU composite, establishing a high EMI SE of 52.7 dB at only 10 wt% CNT/GO loading. The Diels–Alder bonds in PU microsphere endow the CNT/GO/PU composite suffering three cutting/healing cycles with EMI SE retention up to 90%. Additionally, the electrostatic attraction between CNT/GO hybrid and PU microsphere helps to strong interfacial bonding in the composite, resulting in high tensile strength of 43.1 MPa and elongation at break of 626%. The healing efficiency of elongation at break achieves 95% when the composite endured three cutting/healing cycles. This work demonstrates a novel strategy for developing segregated EMI shielding composite with healable features and excellent mechanical performance and shows great potential in the durable and high precision electrical instruments.

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Preparation and Structural Characterization of Novel Nanohybrids by Cationic 3D Silica Nanoparticles Sandwiched between 2D Anionic Montmorillonite Clay through Electrostatic Attraction

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C ◽

10.1021/jp9007043 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 113 (30) ◽

pp. 13036-13044 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tzu-Fan Tseng ◽

Jeng-Yue Wu

Keyword(s):

Silica Nanoparticles ◽

Structural Characterization ◽

Montmorillonite Clay ◽

Electrostatic Attraction

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Preparation of Raspberry-Like Polymer/Silica Composite Particles through Cationic Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.476-478.1408 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 476-478 ◽

pp. 1408-1411

Author(s):

Xin Fan ◽

Qiu Ju Qin ◽

Xiu Fang Wen ◽

Jiang Cheng ◽

Zhuo Ru Yang

Keyword(s):

Emulsion Polymerization ◽

Silica Content ◽

Silica Particles ◽

Vital Role ◽

Silica Sol ◽

Electrostatic Attraction ◽

Composite Particles ◽

Silica Composite ◽

Soap Free Emulsion Polymerization

In this paper raspberry-like composite particles were prepared via cationic soap-free emulsion polymerization with silica sol as stabilizer and 2-(methacryloyl) ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (MTC) as cationic auxiliary monomer. According to the TGA and TEM results we could find that the electrostatic attraction supplied by MTC played a vital role in the adsorption of silica particles as well as the generation of raspberry-like morphology. The silica content and appearance of composite particles were found to be improved with the increasing amount of silica sol and MTC while varied little with changes of AIBA amount.

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Fabrication of ZnxCo1-xO4/BiVO4 photoelectrodes by electrostatic attraction from bimetallic Zn-Co-MOF for PEC activity

Applied Surface Science ◽

10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150057 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 150057

Author(s):

Dongbo Xu ◽

Qijia Ding ◽

Yiyang Zheng ◽

Qincong Li ◽

Fuming Tan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrostatic Attraction

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Mechanism of PVA Brush Loading with Ceria Particles during Post-CMP Cleaning Process

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.314.259 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 314 ◽

pp. 259-263

Author(s):

Samrina Sahir ◽

Hwi Won Cho ◽

Nagendra Prasad Yerriboina ◽

Tae Gon Kim ◽

Satomi Hamada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrostatic Attraction ◽

Particle Removal ◽

Cross Contamination ◽

Cleaning Process ◽

Particle Loading ◽

Cleaning Efficiency ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Cleaning Solution ◽

Oppositely Charged ◽

Process Interaction

Brush scrubbing is a well-known post CMP cleaning process. Interaction between PVA brush and the particles removed during the process must be considered while designing a cleaning process. In this work, the effect of cleaning solution pH was investigated in terms of particle removal from the wafer and subsequent loading to the PVA brush nodule. Higher cleaning of particles from wafer was observed for pH 2 and 12 cleaning solutions and poor cleaning for pH 7 cleaning solution. In contrast, the brushes were loaded heavily for pH 7 compared to pH 2 and 12. Higher electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged PVA and ceria surfaces provided higher ceria particles loading to PVA brush in acidic and neutral cleaning solutions. This particle loading to PVA brush can further effect cleaning efficiency as well as cross-contamination.

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Interactions of polynucleotides and their components

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B ◽

10.1515/znb-1968-0105 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

J. Clauwaert ◽

J. Stockx

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Inductive Effect ◽

Large Range ◽

Electrostatic Attraction ◽

Screening Off ◽

Electron Withdrawal ◽

New Treatment ◽

Ribose Moiety ◽

Phosphate Groups ◽

Electron Attraction

The pK' values of the current bases, nucleosides, nucleotides, nucleotide derivatives and poly U have been determined over a large range of ionic strength. The pK' shifts of the monomers due to variations in ionic strength can be accounted for qualitatively and quantitatively by means of the relationThe collision diameters of uracil, uridine, uridine cyclic -2':3'-phosphate and 3' (2') -uridylic acid were determined. The introduction of phosphate affects the charge, resulting into differences in activity coefficient between nucleotides and their corresponding nucleosides and bases. A substitution of -H by ribose at N(3) of uracil or cytosine or at N(9) of adenine or guanine results into an electron withdrawal from the bases with lowering of the pK' value. 2'-Deoxyribose exhibits a weaker electron attraction. Introducing -CH3 at C(5) of uracil yields electrons to the base and the pK values of various thymine derivatives are about 0.5 pH units higher than those of the corresponding uracil derivatives. A phosphate group on C2 or C3 results in an electrostatic attraction of the dissociable proton, so that the pK' is increased at low ionic strengths; at higher ionic strengths screening off occurs and the pK' values of the nucleotides become almost the same as those of the corresponding nucleosides. The site of substitution on the ribose moiety is important: C2'-O-phosphate seems to exert a stronger electrostatic attraction on - NH3⊕ groups than C3'-O-phosphate, whereas C5'-O-phosphate exerts in addition an inductive effect that is dependent on the presence of - OH on C2. The electrostatic influence of the phosphate groups on the uracil moiety in UpU, UpC and CpUpC runs roughly parallel to that found in cyclic-2':3'-nucleotides. The pK' shifts experienced in poly U are related to the polyelectrolyte character of this polymer. A new treatment for the evaluation of the electrostatic potential of polynucleotides (poly U) is proposed that is based on the usual rodlike (polyelectrolyte) model.

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Adsorption of Nitrate onto ZnCl2-Modified Coconut Granular Activated Carbon: Kinetics, Characteristics, and Adsorption Dynamics

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/1939032 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lingjie Liu ◽

Min Ji ◽

Fen Wang

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Kinetic Studies ◽

Surface Characteristics ◽

Electrostatic Attraction ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Dynamic Adsorption ◽

Batch Experiments ◽

Nitrate Adsorption ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Coconut granular activated carbon (CGAC) was modified by impregnating with ZnCl2solution to remove nitrate from aqueous solutions. Sorption isotherm and kinetic studies were carried out in a series of batch experiments. Nitrate adsorption of both ZnCl2-modified CGAC and CGAC fitted the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Batch adsorption isotherms indicated that the maximum adsorption capacities of ZnCl2-modified CGAC and CGAC were calculated as 14.01 mgN·g−1and 0.28 mgN·g−1, respectively. The kinetic data obtained from batch experiments were well described by pseudo-second-order model. The column study was used to analyze the dynamic adsorption process. The highest bed adsorption capacity of 1.76 mgN·g−1was obtained by 50 mgN·L−1inlet nitrate concentration, 20 g adsorbents, and 10 ml·min−1flow rate. The dynamic adsorption data were fitted well to the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models with coefficients of correlationR2 > 0.834 at different conditions. Surface characteristics and pore structures of CGAC and ZnCl2-modified CGAC were performed by SEM and EDAX and BET and indicated that ZnCl2had adhered to the surface of GAC after modified. Zeta potential, Raman spectra, and FTIR suggested the electrostatic attraction between the nitrate ions and positive charge. The results revealed that the mechanism of adsorption nitrate mainly depended on electrostatic attraction almost without any chemical interactions.

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