Liposome surface modification by phospholipid chemical reactions

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is frequently used for liposome surface modification. However, as PEGylated liposomes are cleared rapidly from circulation upon repeated injections, substitutes of PEG are being sought. We focused...

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Effect of liposome surface modification with water-soluble phospholipid polymer chain-conjugated lipids on interaction with human plasma proteins

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/d1tb01485d ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Adler ◽

Yuuki Inoue ◽

Kristina N Ekdahl ◽

Teruhiko Baba ◽

Kazuhiko Ishihara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Immune System ◽

Complement System ◽

Plasma Proteins ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Surface Coatings ◽

Significant Interest ◽

Phospholipid Polymer ◽

The Complement System ◽

Liposome Surface

Alternative liposome surface coatings for PEGylation to evade the immune system, particularly the complement system, have garnered significant interest. We previously reported poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (MPC)-based lipids (PMPC-lipids) and investigated the...

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INFLUENCE OF PLASMA CHEMICAL REACTIONS PRODUCTS IN BARRIERLESS GAS DISCHARGE IN THE AIR ON VEGETABLES AND FRUITS STORAGE

10.46813/2021-134-200 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 200-203

Author(s):

M.O. Yegorov ◽

G.V. Taran ◽

D.V. Kudin ◽

O.O. Zamuriev ◽

P.O. Opalev

Keyword(s):

Surface Modification ◽

Chemical Reactions ◽

Gas Discharge ◽

Plasma Chemical ◽

Ripening Rate ◽

Vegetables And Fruits

The influence of the products of plasma chemical reactions (including ozone) on the storage of vegetables and fruits has been investigated. It has been shown that the products of plasma chemical reactions effectively suppress the growth of mold. For a number of vegetables and fruits, surface modification occurs, which leads to the loss of the "marketable" appearance. At the same time, the ripening rate of many products decreases.

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Recent advances in liposome surface modification for oral drug delivery

Nanomedicine ◽

10.2217/nnm.16.9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1169-1185 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Thanh Xuan Nguyen ◽

Lin Huang ◽

Mario Gauthier ◽

Guang Yang ◽

Qun Wang

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Surface Modification ◽

Oral Drug Delivery ◽

Oral Drug ◽

Recent Advances ◽

Liposome Surface

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Surface reactions observed by photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100121831 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 286-287

Author(s):

H.H. Rotermund

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Work Function ◽

Chemical Reactions ◽

Reaction Diffusion ◽

Dynamic Processes ◽

Clean Surface ◽

Crystal Surfaces ◽

Single Crystal Surfaces ◽

Photoemission Electron

Chemical reactions at a surface will in most cases show a measurable influence on the work function of the clean surface. This change of the work function δφ can be used to image the local distributions of the investigated reaction,.if one of the reacting partners is adsorbed at the surface in form of islands of sufficient size (Δ>0.2μm). These can than be visualized via a photoemission electron microscope (PEEM). Changes of φ as low as 2 meV give already a change in the total intensity of a PEEM picture. To achieve reasonable contrast for an image several 10 meV of δφ are needed. Dynamic processes as surface diffusion of CO or O on single crystal surfaces as well as reaction / diffusion fronts have been observed in real time and space.

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Microwaves: Application in Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100158248 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 140-141

Author(s):

Anthony S-Y Leong ◽

David W Gove

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Chemical Reactions ◽

Electromagnetic Waves ◽

Tissue Fixation ◽

Primary Method ◽

Dipolar Molecules ◽

Wide Range ◽

Time Required ◽

Cryostat Sections

Microwaves (MW) are electromagnetic waves which are commonly generated at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. When dipolar molecules such as water, the polar side chains of proteins and other molecules with an uneven distribution of electrical charge are exposed to such non-ionizing radiation, they oscillate through 180° at a rate of 2,450 million cycles/s. This rapid kinetic movement results in accelerated chemical reactions and produces instantaneous heat. MWs have recently been applied to a wide range of procedures for light microscopy. MWs generated by domestic ovens have been used as a primary method of tissue fixation, it has been applied to the various stages of tissue processing as well as to a wide variety of staining procedures. This use of MWs has not only resulted in drastic reductions in the time required for tissue fixation, processing and staining, but have also produced better cytologic images in cryostat sections, and more importantly, have resulted in better preservation of cellular antigens.

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Fine structure and properties of defects in naturally occurring silicates and oxides

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100175430 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 460-461

Author(s):

David R. Veblen

Keyword(s):

Chemical Reactions ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Extended Defects ◽

Single Chain ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Fine Structures ◽

Image Simulations ◽

Similar Crystal Structure

Extended defects and interfaces control many processes in rock-forming minerals, from chemical reactions to rock deformation. In many cases, it is not the average structure of a defect or interface that is most important, but rather the structure of defect terminations or offsets in an interface. One of the major thrusts of high-resolution electron microscopy in the earth sciences has been to identify the role of defect fine structures in reactions and to determine the structures of such features. This paper will review studies using HREM and image simulations to determine the structures of defects in silicate and oxide minerals and present several examples of the role of defects in mineral chemical reactions. In some cases, the geological occurrence can be used to constrain the diffusional properties of defects.The simplest reactions in minerals involve exsolution (precipitation) of one mineral from another with a similar crystal structure, and pyroxenes (single-chain silicates) provide a good example. Although conventional TEM studies have led to a basic understanding of this sort of phase separation in pyroxenes via spinodal decomposition or nucleation and growth, HREM has provided a much more detailed appreciation of the processes involved.

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