scholarly journals Effects of water deficit and high N fertilization on wheat storage protein synthesis, gluten secondary structure, and breadmaking quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxian Liu ◽  
Junwei Zhang ◽  
Genrui Zhu ◽  
Dong Zhu ◽  
Yueming Yan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Breadmaking Quality ◽  
Wheat Storage Protein

scholarly journals Influence of water deficit on durum wheat storage protein composition and technological quality

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zina Flagella ◽  
Marcella M. Giuliani ◽  
Luigia Giuzio ◽  
Chiara Volpi ◽  
Stefania Masci
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Wheat Storage Protein ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Technological Quality

Effects of water deficit on breadmaking quality and storage protein compositions in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 4357-4368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxing Zhou ◽  
Dongmiao Liu ◽  
Xiong Deng ◽  
Shoumin Zhen ◽  
Zhimin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Storage Protein ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Breadmaking Quality ◽  
And Storage

De novo protein synthesis in relation to ammonia and proline accumulation in water stressed white clover

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hwan Kim ◽  
Bok-Rye Lee ◽  
Woo-Jin Jung ◽  
Kil-Yong Kim ◽  
Jean-Christophe Avice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
White Clover ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Total N ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
De Novo Protein Synthesis

The kinetics of protein incorporation from newly-absorbed nitrogen (N, de novo protein synthesis) was estimated by 15N tracing in 18-week-old white clover plants (Trifolium repens L. cv. Regal) during 7 d of water-deficit treatment. The physiological relationship between kinetics and accumulation of proline and ammonia in response to the change in leaf-water parameters was also assessed. All leaf-water parameters measured decreased gradually under water deficit. Leaf and root dry mass was not significantly affected during the first 3 d when decreases in leaf-water parameters were substantial. However, metabolic parameters such as total N, proline and ammonia were significantly affected within 1 d of commencement of water-deficit treatment. Water-deficit treatment significantly increased the proline and NH3–NH4+ concentrations in both leaves and roots. There was a marked reduction in the amount of N incorporated into the protein fraction from the newly absorbed N (NANP) in water-deficit stressed plants, particularly in leaf tissue. This reduction in NANP was strongly associated with an increased concentration of NH3–NH4+ in roots (P≤0.05) and proline (P≤0.01) in leaves and roots. These results suggest that proline accumulation may be a sensitive biochemical indicator of plant water status and of the dynamics of de novo protein synthesis in response to stress severity.

scholarly journals Effects of Independent and Combined Water-Deficit and High-Nitrogen Treatments on Flag Leaf Proteomes during Wheat Grain Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Zhu ◽  
Gengrui Zhu ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Zhimin Wang ◽  
Xing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments

We present the first comprehensive proteome analysis of wheat flag leaves under water-deficit, high-nitrogen (N) fertilization, and combined treatments during grain development in the field. Physiological and agronomic trait analyses showed that leaf relative water content, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and grain weight and yield were significantly reduced under water-deficit conditions, but dramatically enhanced under high-N fertilization and moderately promoted under the combined treatment. Two-dimensional electrophoresis detected 72 differentially accumulated protein (DAP) spots representing 65 unique proteins, primarily involved in photosynthesis, signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, redox homeostasis, stress defense, and energy metabolism. DAPs associated with photosynthesis and protein folding showed significant downregulation and upregulation in response to water-deficit and high-N treatments, respectively. The combined treatment caused a moderate upregulation of DAPs related to photosynthesis and energy and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting that high-N fertilization can alleviate losses in yield caused by water-deficit conditions by enhancing leaf photosynthesis and grain storage compound synthesis.

Combined effects of soil-applied and foliar-applied nitrogen on the nitrogen composition and distribution in water stressed "Vitis vinifera L." cv Sauvignon blanc grapes

OENO One ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Rana Jreij ◽  
Mary T. Kelly ◽  
Alain Deloire ◽  
Emmanuel Brenon ◽  
Alain Blaise
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Total N ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Sauvignon Blanc ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
N Deficiency ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The aim of this work is to test the effects of soil-applied nitrogen (N) at budbreak and subsequent foliar-applied N at veraison on the N composition and partitioning in berries of water stressed Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sauvignon blanc vines.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: N fertilizer was applied to the soil at budbreak at doses of 30 or 60 kg N/ha, while the control did not receive any treatment. This did not increase N content of leaves and the vines showed symptoms of N deficiency from the beginning of the season. In order to overcome this deficiency, N foliar sprayings were applied at veraison at doses of 2.5 or 5 kg N/ha to vines having received 30 or 60 kg N/ha of soil-applied N, respectively. Total N of berry flesh responded to N foliar fertilization more than that any other berry part, whereas amino acids in skins were the more affected by N foliar fertilization than those of other berry parts. Only the 60 soil/5 foliar N treatment produced a measurable increase in the total, assimilable and amino N in berry juices at maturity. Assimilable N was a better indicator for N summer uptake by the vine than total N. Of all amino acids, arginine showed the highest increases following N fertilization and could be considered among the better indicators to distinguish between N summer fertilization treatments.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: In conditions of severe water deficit and N deficiency, fertilization at a dose of 60 kg/ha soil-applied N combined with 5 kg/ha foliar-applied N improved fruit fermentability. Results support the use of foliar fertilization at veraison as a tool for enhancing grape quality and to a certain extent the style of wine.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of study</strong>: This work helps to provide insight into the effect of N soil fertilization along with foliar fertilization on waterstressed vines. This may be useful in fertilization programs in the Mediterranean area and may help to choose the type and the rate of the N fertilization in case of severe vine water deficit. Also, we provide information of utmost importance on the distribution of summer foliarapplied N in grape tissues.</p>

scholarly journals Regulation of protein synthesis by eIF4E phosphorylation in adult cardiocytes: the consequence of secondary structure in the 5′-untranslated region of mRNA

2004 ◽  
Vol 378 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. TUXWORTH ◽  
Atif N. SAGHIR ◽  
Laura S. SPRUILL ◽  
Donald R. MENICK ◽  
Paul J. McDERMOTT
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Secondary Structure ◽  
Untranslated Region ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Translational Efficiency ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Hypertrophic Growth ◽  
Reporter Mrna

In adult cardiocytes, eIF4E (eukaryotic initiation factor 4E) activity and protein synthesis are increased concomitantly in response to stimuli that induce hypertrophic growth. We tested the hypothesis that increases in eIF4E activity selectively improve the translational efficiency of mRNAs that have an excessive amount of secondary structure in the 5´-UTR (5´-untranslated region). The activity of eIF4E was modified in primary cultures of adult cardiocytes using adenoviral gene transfer to increase either the amount of eIF4E or the extent of endogenous eIF4E phosphorylation. Subsequently, the effects of eIF4E on translational efficiency were assayed following adenoviral-mediated expression of luciferase reporter mRNAs that were either ‘stronger’ (less structure in the 5´-UTR) or ‘weaker’ (more structure in the 5´-UTR) with respect to translational efficiency. The insertion of G+C-rich repeats into the 5´-UTR doubled the predicted amount of secondary structure and was sufficient to reduce translational efficiency of the reporter mRNA by 48±13%. Translational efficiency of the weaker reporter mRNA was not significantly improved by overexpression of wild-type eIF4E when compared with the stronger reporter mRNA. In contrast, overexpression of the eIF4E kinase Mnk1 [MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase signal-integrating kinase 1] was sufficient to increase the translational efficiency of either reporter mRNA, independent of the amount of secondary structure in their respective 5´-UTRs. The increases in translational efficiency produced by Mnk1 occurred in association with corresponding decreases in mRNA levels. These findings indicate that the positive effect of eIF4E phosphorylation on translational efficiency in adult cardiocytes is coupled with the stability of mRNA.

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