Family history of major depression and residual symptoms in responder and non-responder depressed patients

Abstract Background Psychotic major depression (PMD) is a subtype of depression with a poor prognosis. Previous studies have failed to find many differences between patients with PMD and those with non-psychotic major depression (NMD) or schizophrenia (SZ). We compared sociodemographic factors (including season of conception) and clinical characteristics between patients with PMD, NMD, and schizophrenia. Our aim was to provide data to help inform clinical diagnoses and future etiology research. Methods This study used data of all patients admitted to Shandong Mental Health Center from June 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. We analyzed cases who had experienced an episode of PMD (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes F32.3, F33.3), NMD (F32.0–2/9, F33.0–2/9), and SZ (F20–20.9). Data on sex, main discharge diagnosis, date of birth, ethnicity, family history of psychiatric diseases, marital status, age at first onset, education, allergy history, and presence of trigger events were collected. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using logistic regression analyses. Missing values were filled using the k-nearest neighbor method. Results PMD patients were more likely to have a family history of psychiatric diseases in their first-, second-, and third-degree relatives ([OR] 1.701, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.019–2.804) and to have obtained a higher level of education (OR 1.451, 95% CI 1.168–1.808) compared with depression patients without psychotic features. Compared to PMD patients, schizophrenia patients had lower education (OR 0.604, 95% CI 0.492–0.741), were more often divorced (OR 3.087, 95% CI 1.168–10.096), had a younger age of onset (OR 0.934, 95% CI 0.914–0.954), less likely to have a history of allergies (OR 0.604, 95% CI 0.492–0.741), and less likely to have experienced a trigger event 1 year before first onset (OR 0.420, 95% CI 0.267–0.661). Season of conception, ethnicity, and sex did not differ significantly between PMD and NMD or schizophrenia and PMD. Conclusions PMD patients have more similarities with NMD patients than SZ patients in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. The differences found between PMD and SZ, and PMD and NMD correlated with specificity of the diseases. Furthermore, allergy history should be considered in future epidemiological studies of psychotic disorders.

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Family history of alcoholism and gender: their combined effects on DSM-IV alcohol dependence and major depression.

Journal of Studies on Alcohol ◽

10.15288/jsa.1998.59.97 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 97-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

D A Dawson ◽

B F Grant

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Major Depression ◽

Alcohol Dependence ◽

Combined Effects ◽

History Of ◽

Dsm Iv ◽

And Gender

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Does family history of depression predict major depression in midlife women? Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation Mental Health Study (SWAN MHS)

Archives of Women s Mental Health ◽

10.1007/s00737-014-0433-8 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 269-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Alicia Colvin ◽

Gale A. Richardson ◽

Jill M. Cyranowski ◽

Ada Youk ◽

Joyce T. Bromberger

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Family History ◽

Major Depression ◽

Women's Health ◽

Midlife Women ◽

Health Study ◽

History Of ◽

Mental Health Study ◽

Family History Of Depression ◽

History Of Depression

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The role of family history of depression and the menopausal transition in the development of major depression in midlife women: Study of women's health across the nation mental health study (SWAN MHS)

Depression and Anxiety ◽

10.1002/da.22651 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

pp. 826-835 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Alicia Colvin ◽

Gale A. Richardson ◽

Jill M. Cyranowski ◽

Ada Youk ◽

Joyce T. Bromberger

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Family History ◽

Major Depression ◽

Menopausal Transition ◽

Health Study ◽

History Of ◽

Mental Health Study ◽

Family History Of Depression ◽

History Of Depression

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Vulnerability and resiliency to suicidal behaviours in young people

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291702006748 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 61-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 189

Author(s):

D. M. FERGUSSON ◽

A. L. BEAUTRAIS ◽

L. J. HORWOOD

Keyword(s):

Sexual Abuse ◽

Family History ◽

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Major Depression ◽

Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽

Young People ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Personality Factors ◽

History Of ◽

Peer Affiliations

Background. We aimed to examine factors that influence vulnerability/resiliency of depressed young people to suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.Method. Data were gathered during a 21-year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of 1265 New Zealand young people. Measures included: suicide attempt; suicidal ideation; major depression; childhood, family, individual and peer factors.Results. Young people who developed major depression had increased rates of suicidal ideation (OR=5·4; 95% CI 4·5–6·6) and suicide attempt (OR=12·1; 95% CI 7·9–18·5). However, the majority of depressed young people did not develop suicidal ideation or make suicide attempts, suggesting that additional factors influence vulnerability or resiliency to suicidal responses. Factors influencing resiliency/vulnerability to suicidal responses included: family history of suicide; childhood sexual abuse; neuroticism; novelty seeking; self-esteem; peer affiliations; and school achievement. These factors operated in the same way to influence vulnerability/resiliency among those depressed and those not depressed.Conclusions. Vulnerability/resiliency to suicidal responses among those depressed (and those not depressed) is influenced by an accumulation of factors including: family history of suicide, childhood sexual abuse, personality factors, peer affiliations and school success. Positive configurations of these factors confer increased resiliency, whereas negative configurations increase vulnerability.

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Schizophrenia and Affective Disorder: Are They Genetically Linked?

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.159.2.267 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 159 (2) ◽

pp. 267-270 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Miron Baron ◽

Rhoda S. Gruen

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Major Depression ◽

Affective Disorder ◽

Affective Disorders ◽

Nuclear Families ◽

Affective Illness ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of ◽

Spectrum Disorders ◽

The Relationship

The relationship between schizophrenic ‘spectrum’ disorders and affective illness was studied in the nuclear families of 90 chronic schizophrenic probands. An increased risk of schizophrenia and related disorders was demonstrated among the first-degree relatives of probands with a family history of major affective disorders. Conversely, relatives of probands with a family history of schizophrenic ‘spectrum’ disorders were at a greater risk of affective illness (major depression) than relatives of probands with no family history. These results lend support to the notion that a subset of affective disorders is associated with the liability to schizophrenia.

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Lifetime prevalence of depression and family history of patients with panic disorder and social phobia

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1017/s0924933800001930 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 147-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

L Bellodi ◽

M Battaglia ◽

G Diaferia ◽

A Draisci ◽

G Sciuto

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Major Depression ◽

Panic Disorder ◽

Social Phobia ◽

Lifetime Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

History Of ◽

Lifetime Diagnosis ◽

A Current

SummaryWe assessed the lifetime prevalence of major depression in a sample of 145 patients with a current diagnosis of panic disorder and/or social phobia. The prevalenee tended to be higher in patients with both diagnoses. Patients with panic disorder and social phobia had an earlier onset of the former condition. Familial rates of panic were higher in patients with pure panic disorder, and the rate of depression was increased in relatives of probands who had a lifetime diagnosis of depression.

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Are Dexamethasone Suppression Test Nonsuppression and Thyroid Dysfunction Related to a Family History of Dementia in Patients with Major Depression? An Exploratory Study

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674370505000609 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

pp. 342-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Konstantinos N Fountoulakis ◽

Stergios G Kaprinis ◽

Apostolos Iacovides ◽

Konstantinos Phokas ◽

George Kaprinis

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Major Depression ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Dexamethasone Suppression Test ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Free T4 ◽

History Of ◽

Suppression Test ◽

Dexamethasone Suppression

Objective: Recent data suggest that the low thyroid function syndrome in depression is nonspecific, They also suggest that depression may constitute a risk factor for the development of dementia, especially in atypical patients who have high rates of hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis disorders. This study aimed to search for correlations among Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) cortisol levels, thyroid indices, and family history of dementia in patients with depression. Methods: A sample of 30 patients, aged 21 to 60 years and suffering from major depression according to DSM-IV criteria, took part in the study. Three had a family history of dementia in first-degree relatives. We measured their serum levels of free T3, free T4, thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroid binding inhibitory immunoglobulines, thyroglobulin antibodies, and thyroid microsomal antibodies (TMAs). We applied the 1-mg DST to all patients. The statistical analysis included 1-way multivariate analysis of covariance using t tests as the post hoc tests. Results: Significantly higher levels of TMAs were found in patients with a family history of dementia, compared with those who did not have this family history. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that a more pronounced autoimmune process may characterize depression patients with a family history of dementia.

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