scholarly journals Sub-chronic dermal exposure to aircraft engine oils impacts the reproductive organ weights and alters hematological profiles of Sprague Dawley rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 12-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaie Sibomana ◽  
David R. Mattie
Keyword(s):  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Dermal Exposure ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Engine Oils ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals A 4-Week Repeated Oral Dose Toxicity Study of Ssanghwa-Tang in Crl:CD Sprague Dawley Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Sae-Rom Yoo ◽  
Hyekyung Ha ◽  
Mee-Young Lee ◽  
Hyeun-kyoo Shin ◽  
Su-Cheol Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Information ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Herbal Formula ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

Ssanghwa-tang (SHT), a traditional herbal formula, has been widely used to recover fatigue or consumptive disease after an illness. Along with much attention to herbal formula, the concerns about the safety and toxicity have arisen. To establish the safety information, SHT was administrated in Crl:CD Sprague Dawley rats at a daily dose of 0, 1000, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg for 4 weeks. During the test periods, we examined the mortality, clinical observation, body weight change, food consumption, organ weights, hematology, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis parameters. No changes of mortality and necropsy findings occurred in any of the groups during the experimental period. In either sex of rats treated with SHT at 5000 mg/kg/day, changes were observed in food intake, reticulocyte, total bilirubin, some urinalysis parameters, and relative organ weights. The results indicated that SHT did not induce toxic effects at a dose level up to 2000 mg/kg in rats. This dosage was considered no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) and was appropriate for a 13-week subchronic toxicity study.

scholarly journals A 4-Week Repeated-Dose Oral Toxicity Study of Bojungikgi-Tang in Crl:CD Sprague Dawley Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae-Rom Yoo ◽  
Hyekyung Ha ◽  
Mee-Young Lee ◽  
Hyeun-Kyoo Shin ◽  
Su-Cheol Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Repeated Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dose Oral

Traditional herbal medicines have been used for centuries in Asian countries. However, recent studies have led to increasing concerns about the safety and toxicity of herbal prescriptions. Bojungikgi-tang (BJIGT), a herbal decoction, has been used in Korea to improve physical strength. To establish the safety information, BJIGT water extract was evaluated in a 4-week repeated-dose oral toxicity test in Crl:CD Sprague Dawley rats. BJIGT was orally administered in daily doses of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks via oral gavage in male and female rats. We examined the mortality, clinical signs, body weight change, food intake, organ weights, hematology, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis parameters. No significant changes were observed in mortality, clinical sings, body weight, food intake, organ weights, hematology, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis parameters between the control group and the BJIGT-treated groups in the rats of both sexes. The results indicate that BJIGT did not induce toxic effects at a dose level up to 2000 mg/kg in rats. Thus, this concentration is considered the nonobservable effect dose in rats and is appropriate for a 13-week subchronic toxicity study.

Toxicological evaluation of isopropylparaben and isobutylparaben mixture in Sprague–Dawley rats following 28 days of dermal exposure

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Ji Kim ◽  
Seung Jun Kwack ◽  
Seong Kwang Lim ◽  
Yeon Joo Kim ◽  
Tae Hyun Roh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dermal Exposure ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Toxicological Evaluation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals Effect of Prolonged Melatonin Application on Metabolic Parameters and Organ Weights in Young Male and Female Sprague-Dawley rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marková ◽  
E. Adámeková ◽  
P. Kubatka ◽  
B. Bojková ◽  
E. Ahlersová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

scholarly journals Iron status of suckling rats as influenced by maternal diet during gestation and lactation

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Kochanowski ◽  
Adria R. Sherman
Keyword(s):  
Iron Status ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Spleen Weight ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

1. Two experiments are reported. In Expt 1, pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats (200–220 g) were given purified diets containing 35, 75, 150 or 300 mg Fe/kg throughout gestation and lactation. In Expt 2, the levels of Fe given were 250 and 300 mg/kg diet.2. Litters were standardized at birth to contain seven pups. On day 20 of lactation blood, milk, spleen and liver were collected for Fe analysis.3. A dietary Fe concentration of 35 mg/kg maintained maximum weight gain, food intake, liver and spleen weight, haemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume in the growing maternal rat through 20 d of lactation. Dam liver and spleen Fe concentrations were maximized between 75 and 250 mg Fe/kg diet.4. Pups (20-d-old) nursed by dams given 35 mg Fe/kg tended to have lower body and organ weights compared to other groups. Liver and spleen Fe concentrations increased with increasing maternal dietary Fe and were significantly increased between 150 and 250 mg Fe/kg.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide blocks the development of the human parasiteSchistosoma japonicum

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (38) ◽  
pp. 10214-10219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Shen ◽  
De-Hua Lai ◽  
R. Alan Wilson ◽  
Yun-Fu Chen ◽  
Li-Fu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reproductive Organ ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Reservoir Species ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Human schistosomiasis, caused bySchistosomaspecies, is a major public health problem affecting more than 700 million people in 78 countries, with over 40 mammalian host reservoir species complicating the transmission ecosystem. The primary cause of morbidity is considered to be granulomas induced by fertilized eggs of schistosomes in the liver and intestines. Some host species, like rats (Rattus norvegicus), are naturally intolerant toSchistosoma japonicuminfection, and do not produce granulomas or pose a threat to transmission, while others, like mice and hamsters, are highly susceptible. The reasons behind these differences are still a mystery. Using inducible nitric oxide synthase knockout (iNOS−/−) Sprague–Dawley rats, we found that inherent high expression levels of iNOS in wild-type (WT) rats play an important role in blocking growth, reproductive organ formation, and egg development inS. japonicum, resulting in production of nonfertilized eggs. Granuloma formation, induced by fertilized eggs in the liver, was considerably exacerbated in the iNOS−/−rats compared with the WT rats. This inhibition by nitric oxide acts by affecting mitochondrial respiration and energy production in the parasite. Our work not only elucidates the innate mechanism that blocks the development and production of fertilized eggs inS. japonicumbut also offers insights into a better understanding of host–parasite interactions and drug development strategies against schistosomiasis.

scholarly journals Acute and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Oil Palm Puree in Sprague–Dawley Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3404
Author(s):  
Zaida Zainal ◽  
Augustine Ong ◽  
Choo Yuen May ◽  
Sui Kiat Chang ◽  
Afiqah Abdul Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Adverse Effect Level ◽  
Effect Level

Palm puree is rich in antioxidants and is produced via blending various proportions of mesocarp fibre and crude palm oil. The aim of this study was to assess the acute and subchronic toxicity of palm puree in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats. For the acute toxicity study, animals administered single palm-puree doses (2000 mg kg−1) by gavage were observed daily for 14 d. For the subchronic toxicity study, the rats were administered 500, 1000, or 2000 mg kg−1 palm puree daily for 28 d. We evaluated body and organ weights; performed haematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses of blood and organ samples during and after treatment; and calculated the oral no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL). The toxicity studies showed no signs of toxicity or mortality. The haematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses and body and organ weights indicated no evidence of substantial toxicity at any dose of palm puree. The oral lethal dose and NOAEL for the palm puree were greater than 2000 mg kg−1 d−1 over 28 d. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to confirm the safety of palm puree as a novel functional food. These encouraging results warrant further studies to elucidate its potential for pharmaceutical formulations.

scholarly journals The variability of organ weight background data in rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ephraim Gur ◽  
Trevor Waner
Keyword(s):  
Organ Weight ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
Concurrent Control ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Background Data ◽  
Weight Data

The variability of organ weight data in a series of 5 control groups of Sprague-Dawley rats was studied. Differences in body weight and organ weight data were detected between the studies. Attempts to reduce the variability of organ weights by using analysis of covariance or organ to brain weight ratios were only partially successful. Factors which may influence animals under controlled conditions and result in variability between studies are discussed. It is concluded that caution is needed when considering the use of organ weight background data as a means of comparison. The findings are in agreement with other fields of study in toxicological testing, and emphasize the importance of using a concurrent control for the purpose of comparison of data.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document