scholarly journals Evaluation of raw material extraction, processing, construction and disposal of cement and concrete products: datasets and calculations

Data in Brief ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 103929
Author(s):  
David A.C. Manning ◽  
Napaporn Tangtinthai ◽  
Oliver Heidrich
Keyword(s):  
Raw Material ◽  
Cement And Concrete ◽  
Material Extraction

REGARDING THE THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY ROAD TRANSPORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 264 (4) ◽  
pp. 2-9
Author(s):  
Oleksiy Klimenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Management System ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
System Management ◽  
Infrastructure Maintenance ◽  
Material Extraction

Suggestions for the development of theoretical and methodological foundations of system management of energy efficiency and environmental pollution by road transport in the life cycle are given. It takes into account all essential areas covering transportation, infrastructure, maintenance, also energy, chemical and automotive industries, raw material extraction, utilization, and related processes of energy consumption and environmental pollution, distributed in space and time. A universal structural scheme of the “supersystem” is proposed, which reflects the processes of consumption of energy, material and other resources, distributed environmental pollution through the functioning of road transport and related industries, and linked damage as well. The target function of the “supersystem” can be represented as the fulfilment during a certain period (covering the life cycle of the main elements – objects of influence (regulation) and investment of financial resources) of the specified volumes of certain types of transport work with the minimum possible and economically justified consumption of energy, consumables, materials, other resources (including those consumed by the transportation, infrastructure, maintenance, also energy, chemical and automotive industries, raw material extraction, utilization), the minimum possible losses due to artificial pressure on the recipients (human beings, fauna and flora, buildings, etc.) of directly the transport system and infrastructure, as well as side effects of processes in other elements of the “supersystem”, that may be reduced to the total cost of transport, taking into account the inflation index of monetary units. It is proposed to carry out a mathematical description of complicated sets, dynamically distributed in the space of objects that change the structure and properties over time, based on the further development of such a tool as the theory of multisets. In a simplified form, it is presented an example of a fragment of the management system based on measures to regulate the first access of vehicles to the market, further operation, and to certain elements of infrastructure, with the introduction of low emission zones in cities. The development, creation and effective functioning of the management system of transport and related sectors of the economy in those mentioned above and other parts, requires a coherent system approach based on forecasting (modelling) the consequences of decisions, which can be implemented using the tools described in this article. Keywords: wheeled vehicles, road transport, systems management, energy efficiency, environmental pollution.

scholarly journals A Review on Utilizing the Marine Biorefinery Waste in Construction Raw Materials to Reduce Land Pollution and Enhance Green Environment

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Monisha Ravi ◽  
Balasubramanian Murugesan ◽  
Arul Jeyakumar ◽  
Kiranmayi Raparthi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Material Usage ◽  
Shell Waste ◽  
Cement And Concrete ◽  
Marine Waste

Abstract This research mainly concentrates on eco-friendly construction material. Production of cement and concrete industries release huge amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) and greenhouse gases which affect the environment and also there is a demand in construction material by man-made or nature. The construction sector finds an economic and eco-friendly cement replacement material to achieve the demand for green concrete that improve the energy conservation and better energy saving material. In marine Bio-refinery waste produce huge quantity of calcium carbonate, whose disposal is cause of major concern. Pre-eminent solution for this problem is utilizing the marine shell waste in cement and concrete. It revises the manufacturing process to reduce the raw material usage in production and adoptable material for global warming. Therefore, the researchers focus on marine waste sea shells as the replacement material in construction industry to save the energy and also give sustainable green material. As per the previous studies by the researchers to determine the chemical composition, specific gravity, water absorption, particle size distribution of seashells and also compressive, flexural and tensile strength of concrete. It shows the seashell is filler material that slightly increases the strength when compared to the conventional materials and therefore the sea shells are suitable for the construction field to manufacture the cement and concrete with eco-friendly manner.

Archaeology of Slavery From Cross-Cultural Perspective

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-405
Author(s):  
Václav Hrnčíř ◽  
Petr Květina
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Political Integration ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Metal Production ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Material Extraction

Slavery is difficult to ascertain in the archaeological record, especially because of the lack of material evidence. Using the Standard Cross-Cultural Sample of 186 societies, our aim was to find indirect and easily identifiable indicators of the presence of slavery. The results show links between slavery and the expected and familiar domains (e.g., warfare, polygyny, social and political integration) as well as its relationship to metallurgy, which can be considered an innovative finding. This text attempts to explain and give context to the metallurgy relationship with historical examples related to the exploitation of slaves during various stages of the operational chain of metal production. These include raw material extraction, production of charcoal, and construction or reconstruction of smelting furnaces.

scholarly journals Integrated hybrid life cycle assessment and supply chain environmental profile evaluations of lead-based (lead zirconate titanate) versus lead-free (potassium sodium niobate) piezoelectric ceramics

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3495-3520 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Ibn-Mohammed ◽  
S. C. L. Koh ◽  
I. M. Reaney ◽  
A. Acquaye ◽  
D. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Lead Zirconate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Sodium Niobate ◽  
Potassium Sodium Niobate ◽  
Hybrid Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Material Extraction

Contrary to conventional knowledge, LCA of PZT vs. KNN indicates the presence of niobium in KNN constitutes far greater impact across all the 16 categories considered in comparison with PZT. The increased environmental impact of KNN occurs in the early stages of the LCA due to raw material extraction and processing.

Evaluation of selected kaolins as raw materials for the Turkish cement and concrete industry

Clay Minerals ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aras ◽  
M. Albayrak ◽  
M. Arikan ◽  
K. Sobolev
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cement Clinker ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Assessment And Evaluation ◽  
White Cement ◽  
Cement And Concrete ◽  
Clay Materials

AbstractTurkey has a long tradition (starting with prehistoric civilizations) and experience in exploring for raw clay materials and processing them into ceramic products. Many of these products, such as tiles and sanitary ware, are manufactured for domestic and export markets. Kaolin is one of the raw materials of major importance for the ceramic and paper industry, as well as for a number of auxiliary applications. There is ongoing interest in applying kaolin in the construction industry as a raw material in the production of white cement clinker and as an artificial pozzolanic additive for concrete (in the form of metakaolin). This report presents results related to search, assessment and evaluation of available resources for advanced cement and concrete additives.

scholarly journals Multitemporal Terrestrial Laser Scanning for Marble Extraction Assessment in an Underground Quarry of the Apuan Alps (Italy)

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Di Bartolo ◽  
Riccardo Salvini
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Satellite System ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
Apuan Alps ◽  
Material Extraction

This article focuses on the use of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) for change detection analysis of multitemporal point clouds datasets. Two topographic surveys were carried out during the years 2016 and 2017 in an underground marble quarry of the Apuan Alps (Italy) combining TLS with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and Total Station (TS) studies. Multitemporal 3D point clouds were processed and compared with the aim of identifying areas subjected to significant material extraction. Point clouds representing changed areas were converted into triangular meshes in order to compute the volume of extracted material over one year of quarrying activities. General purpose of this work is to show a valid method to examine the morphological changes due to raw material extraction with the focus of highlighting benefits, accuracies and drawbacks. The purpose of the executed survey was that of supporting the planning of quarrying activities in respect of regional rules, safety and commercial reasons.

scholarly journals Utilisation and Quality Management of Power Plant Fly Ash

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-337
Author(s):  
Mária Ambrus ◽  
Roland Szabó ◽  
Gábor Mucsi
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Inorganic Polymers ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Cement And Concrete

Over the past decades, both the residential and industrial energy demand has increased due to the continuously growing consumption and production. As a large share of the electricity is still produced using fossil fuels, the utilisation of the by-products is a contemporary and pervasive issue. Fly ash is generated in large quantities in coal-fired power plants and has been proven to be an appropriate raw material for various industrial uses. Among others, it is applicable as an additive and lightweight aggregate in the cement and concrete industry, can be used for CO2 sequestration, glass foam production, catalyst production, or as a base material for geopolymers, as well. Geopolymers are inorganic polymers produced via the reaction between solid alumina and silica containing or alkali silicate materials in alkali media. Due to their numerous advantageous properties and wide variety of utilisation possibilities, research on fly ash base geopolymers became widespread topic. The quality of fly ash is determined by technical requirements, and the degree of quality control requirements depends on the final use. In certain fields of applications, standards and regulations have already been created to ensure the consistent quality of the final products made from fly ash, e.g. in the cement and concrete industry. There are various methods for fly ash processing, however, the methods to achieve the necessary properties are not standardised.

scholarly journals A Framework for Life Cycle Assessment and Cost Analysis of Precast and Cast-in-Place Buildings in United States

10.29007/f3tz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanmay Vasishta ◽  
Mohammed Mehany
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
The World ◽  
Material Extraction

The concept of construction sustainability has been gaining traction over years now. A large number of tools has been used to assess economic and environmental impacts of the buildings. LCA and LCCA are one of the most widely used tools to evaluate the environmental and economic impacts of the buildings over their complete life cycle. The aim of this research is to develop a framework for assessing the economic and environmental impacts of precast and cast-in-place buildings constructed in United States through Open LCA software. The study will include unit processes and material flows from raw material extraction and manufacturing phase to demolition phase of a building (cradle-to-grave) over the life span of 50 years. The developed framework for LCA and LCCA could be applied to all concrete construction projects across the world and could be used as platform for conducting future LCA and LCCA studies as well. Future research could be conducted through probabilistic approach of calculating the annual cost impacts over the complete life cycle of a building.

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