scholarly journals Integrated Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) datasets by means of a Roadway Safety Data Integrator (RSDI) tool

Data in Brief ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 106154
Author(s):  
Seyedehsan Dadvar ◽  
Young-Jae Lee ◽  
Hyeon-Shic Shin ◽  
Hamed Khodaparasti
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Highway Safety ◽  
Roadway Safety

scholarly journals Examination of Fault, Unsafe Driving Acts, and Total Harm in Car-Truck Collisions

2003 ◽  
Vol 1830 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forrest M. Council ◽  
David L. Harkey ◽  
Daniel T. Nabors ◽  
Asad J. Khattak ◽  
Yusuf M. Mohamedshah
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Information System ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Highway Safety ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Fatal Crash ◽  
Fatal Crashes ◽  
Facility Type ◽  
Crash Types

Crashes involving large trucks and passenger cars are important topics for research and countermeasure development since they represent more than 60% of all fatal truck crashes and because the passenger car occupant is much more likely to be killed. This study ( a) examined “fault” in total car–truck crashes using North Carolina Highway Safety Information System (HSIS) data for comparison with fault analyzed in previous studies of fatal crashes, ( b) used general estimates system (GES) crash data to verify unsafe driving acts (UDAs) identified by expert panels in past studies, and ( c) used North Carolina HSIS data to identify critical combinations of roadway facility type, roadway location, and crash type based on “total harm”—a measure combining both the frequency and severity of the crash. Fault in total North Carolina car–truck crashes was found to differ significantly from past fatal crash studies, with the truck driver being at fault more often than the car driver both overall and in certain crash types. Car drivers continue to be at fault much more often in head-on and angle crashes. While it was not possible to analyze all UDAs identified in prior studies, when possible, the current analyses revealed differences between the GES crash data results and the expert-based results, pointing to the need for better UDA methods if they are to be used to target treatments. Finally, using the total-harm analysis with North Carolina car–truck crashes indicated that undivided rural arterials and collectors should be primary targets for further investigation and for treatment.

Investigation of National Highway System Roadways in the Highway Safety Information System States

1998 ◽  
Vol 1635 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Charles V. Zegeer ◽  
Herman F. Huang ◽  
J. Richard Stewart ◽  
Carolyn Williams
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Highway Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle Crash ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Crash Rates ◽  
National Highway ◽  
System States ◽  
Highway System

Motor vehicle crash rates and roadway characteristics for National Highway System (NHS) and non-NHS roads in seven states—California, Illinois, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, and Washington— are presented. Accident and roadway data were extracted from the Federal Highway Administration’s Highway Safety Information System. Overall, crash rates on NHS roads were approximately 10 percent lower than those on non-NHS roads, perhaps the result of higher design standards. Crash rates on urban roadways were considerably higher than on the corresponding rural roadways in each state. For rural roadways, fixed-object crash rates were higher on NHS roads than on non-NHS roads. The distribution of crashes by severity was quite similar on NHS and non-NHS roads. For urban freeways, NHS Interstates usually had lower crash rates than NHS non-Interstates. The majority of NHS roads had lane widths of 3.4 m (11 ft) or more, and many had shoulder widths of 1.5 m (5 ft) or more. Compared to NHS non-Interstate roads, NHS Interstate roads were more likely to have lane widths of 3.7 m (12 ft) or over, shoulder widths of 2.4 m (8 ft) or over, paved shoulders, and improved median design. Highway designers and safety officials can use this type of information about accident rates and roadway characteristics to enhance safety by upgrading existing highways and improving the design of NHS highways to some specified roadway design standards and guidelines.

Guardrail Need: Embankments and Culverts

1997 ◽  
Vol 1599 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wolford ◽  
Dean L. Sicking
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Highway Safety ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Design Charts ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
System Data

A cost-effectiveness analysis was used to study safety-treatment options for embankments and culverts on resurfacing, restoration, and rehabilitation (3R) projects. An examination of the need for cable and W-beam guardrails to shield traffic from roadside embankments and roadside culverts, respectively, was made. Average embankment and culvert accident severities were estimated using Highway Safety Information System data from Utah and Michigan. Average accident severities were calibrated through computer simulations of ran-off-road accidents. Simplified design charts were developed to allow highway engineers to quickly determine the need for cable guardrail on 3R projects.

scholarly journals Analysis of Crash Severity for Hazard Material Transportation Using Highway Safety Information System Data

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402093992
Author(s):  
Xiuguang Song ◽  
Jianqing Wu ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Rendong Pi
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Highway Safety ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Great Loss ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Routing And Scheduling ◽  
Adverse Weather ◽  
System Data ◽  
Material Transportation

Crash severity, as a major concern in the routing and scheduling of hazardous material shipments, has caused great loss of lives and property damage every year. Although abundant studies have been conducted to identify the relationship between different factors on crash severity, the analysis of the severity of hazard material transportation (HMT) crashes is very limited. Factors including road, vehicle, driver, and environment are not well considered in previous studies. This article analyzed the influence of various factors on HMT crash severity using Highway Safety Information System data. The random forest combined with the ordered logistic model is used for factor analysis. The results showed that annual average daily traffic, fatigues/asleep, number of lanes, speeding, adverse weather, and light are the six most important factors affecting HMT crash severity. Different from the non-HMT crashes, driver factor (e.g., driver age, gender, and drug/alcohol influence) was found to be not significantly related to crash severity. Speeding should be strictly forbidden for HMT drivers, considering the potential increased crash severity. Increasing the level of lighting can help reduce the number of severe crashes. The corresponding recommendations were provided based on the regression results.

scholarly journals P77 Pediatric drug data in Canadian drug monographs

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. e49.1-e49
Author(s):  
A Patel ◽  
M Duffett ◽  
M Mazer-Amirshahi ◽  
P Raja ◽  
A Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Information ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Pediatric Drug ◽  
Optimal Drug ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
Health Canada ◽  
Pediatric Indication

BackgroundOptimal drug therapy in children relies on availability of pediatric-specific information. European and American legislative initiatives have resulted in advancement of pediatric pharmacotherapy data. We aim to describe the quality and quantity of pediatric information in drug monographs of New Active Substances (NASs) approved by Health Canada.Design/MethodsCanadian drug monographs of NASs approved by Health Canada, from January 2007 until December 2016, were systematically reviewed for pediatric-specific information. Pediatric-specific information defined as: pediatric indication, dosing, pediatric-friendly dosage forms, and pediatric safety data.ResultsOver the period of the study, Health Canada approved 281 NASs. Of all the non-biologic NASs (205, 74%), 39(19%) were approved for use in pediatric patients. The number of drugs with pediatric approval was lowest in 2008 (1, 8%) and highest in 2016 (8, 32%), following no specific pattern. Neonates had the lowest rate of drug approvals through all pediatric age groups (4, 2%). All drugs with pediatric approval had pediatric-specific dosing information with the majority of them presenting pediatric safety data (79%). Pediatric friendly formulation was only available in 20%(8) of drugs with pediatric approval. Studies in pediatric populations were the source of pediatric information in 59%(23) of drugs with pediatric approval.Conclusion(s)Less than 20% of the NASs approved by Health Canada for use in adults contain pediatric approval. Neonatal populations remain a therapeutic orphan, with severe lack of dosing and safety information. Safe and effective pediatric pharmacotherapy requires well-conducted pediatric research to enhance pediatric drug data. Canadian children are in need for legislative initiatives to promote pediatric drug development.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

scholarly journals The New Path to Improve Construction Safety Performance in China: An Evolutionary Game Theoretic Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 2443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pi ◽  
Gao ◽  
Chen ◽  
Liu
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Safety Information ◽  
Construction Safety ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Evolutionarily Stable Strategies

Evidence shows that there are many work-related accidents and injuries happening in construction projects and governments have taken a series of administrative measures to reduce casualties in recent years. However, traditional approaches have reached a bottleneck due to ignoring market forces, and thus new measures should be conducted. This study develops a perspective of safety performance (SP) for construction projects in China and puts forward a conception of the safety information system by using several brainstorming sessions to strengthen the safety supervision of participants in the construction industry. This system provides rating information to the public, and bad performance contractors enter into a blacklist which will influence their economic activities. Considering the limited rationality of government and various contractors, this paper builds a reasonable evolutionary game model to verify the feasibility of the safety information system. The analysis results show that there is not a single set of evolutionarily stable strategies (ESSs), as different situations may lead to different ESSs. The efficiency of applying the safety information system (the blacklist) in the construction industry can be proved by reducing the government’s safety supervision cost and by enhancing construction safety at the same time.

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