scholarly journals Safety and Immunogenicity of Measles Vaccination in HIV-Infected and HIV-Exposed Uninfected Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 28-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora A.M.L. Mutsaerts ◽  
Marta C. Nunes ◽  
Martijn N. van Rijswijk ◽  
Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch ◽  
Diederick E. Grobbee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Exposed Uninfected

scholarly journals Effect of in utero exposure to HIV and antiretroviral drugs on growth in HIV-exposed uninfected children: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e023937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel L Ekali ◽  
Julie Jesson ◽  
Pascal B Enok ◽  
Valériane Leroy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Growth Impairment ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Exposed Uninfected

IntroductionHIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children have higher morbidity and mortality compared with HIV unexposed uninfected children. Despite the fact that malnutrition contributes to about half of all infant deaths below 5 years of age in low-income and middle-income countries and that growth impairment has been reported in the HEU population, the spectrum of growth disorders associated with HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) exposure during the in utero and perinatal periods is yet to comprehensively summarised among the global HEU population. This protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis aims to critically synthesise data concerning the prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting at different ages in the global HEU population.Methods and analysisMedline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, TOXLINE, WHO Global Index Medicus and the Web of Science will be searched for relevant articles published between 1 January 1989 and 1 December 2017 without language restriction. In addition, conference abstracts and reference lists of eligible papers and relevant review articles will be screened. Authors will screen and select studies, extract data, assess the risk of bias as well as studies individually for heterogeneity. Study-specific estimates will be pooled through a random-effects meta-analysis model for studies that are clinically homogeneous while funnel plots and Egger’s test will be used to detect publication bias. Results will be presented by ART availability period, country income levels and mode of breastfeeding.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required for this study because it will be based on published data. The final report of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences. This review will summarise the evidence and quantify the problem of growth impairment in HEU infants and so shed more light on our understanding of the higher morbidity and mortality in this growing population.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018091762.

scholarly journals Vaccination among HIV-infected, HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-uninfected children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence related to vaccine efficacy and effectiveness

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2578-2589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olatunji O. Adetokunboh ◽  
Duduzile Ndwandwe ◽  
Ajibola Awotiwon ◽  
Olalekan A. Uthman ◽  
Charles S. Wiysonge
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vaccine Efficacy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Exposed Uninfected

A meta-analysis assessing all-cause mortality in HIV-exposed uninfected compared with HIV-unexposed uninfected infants and children

AIDS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (15) ◽  
pp. 2351-2360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alana T. Brennan ◽  
Rachael Bonawitz ◽  
Christopher J. Gill ◽  
Donald M. Thea ◽  
Mary Kleinman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Exposed Uninfected

scholarly journals Mobile phone communication for improving uptake of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected pregnant women: updated systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques L. Tamuzi ◽  
Gomer Lulendo ◽  
Patrick Mbuesse ◽  
Thierry Ntambwe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Mobile Phone Communication

Objective The aim of this systematic review is to provide some evidence on the use of mobile phone communication for improving ARV adherence during pregnancy, as well as to investigate whether text messaging on mobile phones could improve follow up in HIV exposed infants. Methods We did a systematic review and meta-analysis, using CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), Scopus, MEDLINE via PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL to search for studies in English published between 5 may 2016 to May 2021 that assessed the effects of mobile phone in HIV infected pregnant women. We used MetaPro version 3.0 to compute the OR 2 and RR and their 95%CI. We performed random-effects model meta analysis for estimating pooled outcomes. Results Nine studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled maternal postpartum retention was (OR 2.20, 95%CI: 1.55 to 3.13, I2 = 53.20%, P < 0.001). In the same line, the pooled odds of ART uptake was (OR 1.5, 95%CI: 1.07 to 2.11, I2 =0%, P = 0.020) and we found statistically significant impact of mobile phone on HIV testing at 6 weeks and above among HIV exposed children (OR 1.89, 95%CI: 1.04 to 3. 48, I2 = OR 1.89, 95%CI: 1.04 to 3. 48, I2 =88.04%, P = 0.032). Conclusion In comparison to our previous review, this updated review focuses on moderate evidence for mobile phone communication in HIV-infected pregnant women. The results showed that using a mobile phone improved maternal post-partum retention, ART uptake, and infant HIV testing at 6 weeks and older.

scholarly journals Effect of measles vaccination in infants younger than 9 months on the immune response to subsequent measles vaccine doses: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1246-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M Nic Lochlainn ◽  
Brechje de Gier ◽  
Nicoline van der Maas ◽  
Rob van Binnendijk ◽  
Peter M Strebel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Measles Vaccination

Immunogenicity and Safety of an Early Measles Vaccination Schedule at 6 and 12 Months of Age in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Unexposed and HIV-Exposed, Uninfected South African Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (9) ◽  
pp. 1529-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora A M L Mutsaerts ◽  
Marta C Nunes ◽  
Sutika Bhikha ◽  
Benit T Ikulinda ◽  
Welekazi Boyce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Measles Vaccine ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Measles Vaccination ◽  
Hiv Exposed ◽  
Vaccine Availability ◽  
Exposed Uninfected

Abstract Background Measles morbidity and mortality rates are greatest in children <12 months old, with increased susceptibility in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–exposed children. We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of an early 2-dose measles vaccine regimen administered at 6 and 12 months of age in South Africa. Methods HIV-unexposed (HU) (n = 212) and HIV-exposed, uninfected (HEU) (n = 71) children received measles vaccination (CAM-70) at 6 and 12 months of age. Measles immunoglobulin G titers were measured by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and 1 month after each vaccine dose. Results The majority of children (88.2% HU and 95.8% HEU; P = .04) were seronegative (<150 mIU/mL) to measles at 4.2 months of age. This was particularly evident among infants of mothers born from 1992 onwards (year of public nationwide measles vaccine availability). One month after the first measles vaccine, 42.3% of HU and 46.4% of HEU children were seropositive (≥330 mIU/mL). After the second dose, the proportion seropositive increased to 99.0% in HU and 95.3% in HEU children. Safety profiles were similar between HU and HEU children. Conclusions Early 2-dose measles vaccination at 6 and 12 months of age was safe and induced antibody responses in HU and HEU children, which could partly offset the early loss of maternally derived antibodies in infants born to predominantly measles-vaccinated mothers. Clinical Trials Registration NCT03330171

scholarly journals Prevalence of vertical HIV infection and its risk factors among HIV exposed infants in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Belachew ◽  
Tilahun Tewabe ◽  
Gizat Abinet Malede
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Exposed Infants ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
The World ◽  
Hiv Exposed

Abstract Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the most important global health problems. More than one and half million of children are living with HIV in the world, and majority of them are found in sub-Saharan Africa. There are primary fragmented study findings, and no review was conducted with regard to vertical HIV infection in East Africa. Therefore, this review aimed to assess the prevalence of vertical HIV infection and its risk factors among HIV-exposed infants in East Africa. Main body Eligible studies were retrieved by relevant search terms in CINHAL, Pub-MED, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane, African Journals Online databases, and Ethiopian University research repositories. Data were extracted with Microsoft Excel and analyzed with Stata version 11 software. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of vertical HIV infection in East Africa. The variation between studies was quantified with an I2 statistic test. Furthermore, sub-group and meta-regression analyses were done to identify the sources of heterogeneity between the studies. The publication bias was assessed by Egger test. This systematic review and meta-analysis have included a total of 33 research articles. The overall pooled prevalence of vertical HIV infection in East Africa was 7.68% with a 95% confidence interval [CI]: (6.23, 9.12) with a heterogeneity of I2 = 86.8 with a p value < 0.001. In subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of vertical HIV infection in cross-sectional studies was 6.58%, while in cohort studies were 9.37%. Mixed feeding, AOR = 6.22 (1.02, 11.41); home delivery, AOR = 2 (1.01, 3); mothers took ART less than 4 weeks, AOR = 1.92 (1.79, 2.06); and infants who have not received ARV prophylaxis, AOR = 2.02 (1.05, 2.98) were the associated factors for vertical HIV infection for exposed infants. Conclusions The pooled prevalence of the mother to child transmission of HIV is way more than the desired target of the World Health Organization, which is less than 5% in breastfeeding populations. Thus, strengthening the prevention of vertical HIV transmission, promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, timely initiation of ART prophylaxis for HIV exposed infants, encouragement of hospital delivery, and the start of ART at the time of diagnosis of every HIV-positive person may all reduce the transmission of vertical HIV infection.

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