scholarly journals Annual rainfall variation and dispersal limitation combine to alter invaded plant community diversity, dominance hierarchies and seeding phenology

2021 ◽  
pp. 100024
Author(s):  
Maia Raymundo ◽  
Abigail Pastore ◽  
Janneke HilleRisLambers ◽  
Margaret M. Mayfield
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Dominance Hierarchies ◽  
Rainfall Variation

scholarly journals Climate and plant community diversity in space and time

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 4464-4470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Harrison ◽  
Marko J. Spasojevic ◽  
Daijiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Niche Conservatism ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Drying Trend ◽  
Functional And Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Over Time

Climate strongly shapes plant diversity over large spatial scales, with relatively warm and wet (benign, productive) regions supporting greater numbers of species. Unresolved aspects of this relationship include what causes it, whether it permeates to community diversity at smaller spatial scales, whether it is accompanied by patterns in functional and phylogenetic diversity as some hypotheses predict, and whether it is paralleled by climate-driven changes in diversity over time. Here, studies of Californian plants are reviewed and new analyses are conducted to synthesize climate–diversity relationships in space and time. Across spatial scales and organizational levels, plant diversity is maximized in more productive (wetter) climates, and these consistent spatial relationships are mirrored in losses of taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity over time during a recent climatic drying trend. These results support the tolerance and climatic niche conservatism hypotheses for climate–diversity relationships, and suggest there is some predictability to future changes in diversity in water-limited climates.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE BRAZILIAN CERRADO DEFORESTATION IN GRAIN CULTURE AND ITS CONSEQUENCES TO LOSSES THE SOIL IN THE CACHOEIRA DOURADA RESERVOIR REGION – CENTRAL - WESTERN BRAZIL

2013 ◽  
pp. 01
Author(s):  
João Batista Pereira Cabral ◽  
Valter Antonio Becegato ◽  
Francismário Ferreira dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Rainfall Variation ◽  
Influence Area ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Erosivity Index

The erosivity index (EI30) and its spatialization were determined for the contribution basins of the Cachoeira Dourada hydroelectric system reservoir, located between the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais and limited by coordinates 640000-760000 m W and 7910000-7975000 m N. Average monthly and annual rainfall data corresponding to eight localities and to a 30-year period were treated. It was observed that in this period the average annual rainfall was 1441 mm, the highest and lowest indexes having occurred respectively in January and July (7.5 mm). EI30 varied from 7100 to 8500 MJ mm (ha h)-1. The most representative period was October to March, corresponding to 7880.3 MJ mm (ha h)-1and 94% of the average annual EI30. The average rainfall variation coefficient for all stations was 82.73%. There is an irregular rainfall distribution in the region and consequently a non-uniform spatialization of the erosivity indexes within the influence area of the reservoir. The highest rainfall values coincide with the period of soil preparation and development of annual-cycle plants, mainly soybean and corn.

Distribution of Armillaria luteobubalina and its Impact on Community Diversity and Structure in Eucalyptus wandoo Woodland of Southern Western Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Shearer ◽  
A. Byrne ◽  
M. Dillon ◽  
R. Buehrig
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Bare Ground ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Disease Extension ◽  
Eucalyptus Wandoo

Armillaria luteobubalina Watling & Kile is causinghigh mortality in Eucalyptus wandoo Blakely woodland that receives low annual rainfall of 500–700 mm, and it is a significantdisturbance agent affecting community structure. Discrete disease centresranged from 0.01 ha to 8 ha in size (mean 1.2 ± s.e. 0.3 ha) and had adiscontinuous distribution within the woodland. For 38 disease centres, thetotal area infested was 46.25 ha. Infection caused death of overstorey polesand veterans creating disease centres of greatly reduced biomass. Thisreduction was reflected by a negative correlation between the mortality ofoverstorey and basal area and diameter at breast height over bark (DBH). Theaverage mortality of E. wandoo trees was 47% indisease centres of intermediate impact, compared with 66% for highimpact areas. Regeneration of the host species increased following diseaseexpression, as evidenced by: significantly greater understocking oflignotubers and saplings in disease centres than in non-infested woodland,less bare ground in disease centres than in non-infested woodland, and apositive correlation between the mortality of overstorey and live understorey.By contrast, plant species richness and diversity did not differ significantlybetween infested and non-infested woodland. The severity ofA. luteobubalina infection was not strongly related tosite factors. The rate of disease extension varied considerably between yearsduring the period 1986–1994 and averaged 2.04 ± s.e. 1.05 myr-1. Of the 26 host species recorded, 23% werefrom the Proteaceae followed by a smaller percentage from the Myrtaceae andPapilionaceae (15% each). The high impact ofA. luteobubalina in E. wandoowoodland reflects the high susceptibility of the dominant host to infectionand survival strategies of the pathogen population in the harsh woodlandenvironment.

scholarly journals Manual Cutting of Sitka Alder-Dominated Plant Communities: Effects on Conifer Growth and Plant Community Structure

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne W. Simard ◽  
Jean L. Heineman ◽  
Shannon M. Hagerman ◽  
W. Jean Mather ◽  
Donald L. Sachs
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Montane Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Complexes ◽  
Hybrid Spruce

Abstract Five-year growth and survival responses of lodgepole pine and hybrid spruce to manual cutting of Sitka alder were studied in two montane vegetation complexes in interior British Columbia. The effects of brushing on plant community diversity and structure also were examined. Alder cover and height were reduced throughout the 5-year posttreatment measurement period, but this had no effect on growth or survival of either 5- to 7-year-old lodgepole pine growing in the Dry Alder complex or 4- to 7-year-old hybrid spruce in the Wet Alder complex. Moderate alder cover, which was characteristic at these sites, did not appear to inhibit diameter growth of lodgepole pine or spruce. This was supported by competition thresholds for conifer diameter of 30 and 37% alder cover in the Dry Alder and Wet Alder complexes, respectively. In neither complex did manual cutting result in any changes in species richness, species diversity, or structural diversity of the vascular plant community. The results of this study suggest that brushing of Sitka alder is unnecessary for release of healthy lodgepole pine growing on mesic sites in the Dry Alder complex and is ineffective at alleviating growth limiting factors to spruce on Wet Alder sites. West. J. Appl. For. 19(4):277–287.

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