Smoking high tar cigarettes increases risk of death from lung cancer, but no differences in risk for smokers of very low, low and medium tar cigarettes

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-209
Author(s):  
Silvano Gallus
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Risk Of Death

scholarly journals Metformin Prolongs Survival in Type 2 Diabetes Lung Cancer Patients With EGFR-TKIs

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153473541986949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Szu Hung ◽  
Min-Chun Chuang ◽  
Yi-Chuan Chen ◽  
Chuan-Pin Lee ◽  
Tsung-Ming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Kinase Inhibitor ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Egfr Tki

Background: Metformin use reportedly reduces cancer risk and improves survival in lung cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin use in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and lung cancer receiving epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) therapy. Methods: A nationwide, population-based cohort study was conducted using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. From January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2012, a total of 373 metformin and 1260 non-metformin lung cancer cohorts with type 2 DM and EGFR-TKI treatment were studied. Results: Metformin use was significantly associated with a reduced risk of death (hazard ratio: 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62-0.85, P < .001), as well as a significantly longer median progression-free survival (9.2 months, 95% CI: 8.6-11.7, vs 6.4 months, 95% CI: 5.9-7.2 months, P < .001) and median overall survival (33.4 months, 95% CI: 29.4-40.2, vs 25.4 months, 95% CI: 23.7-27.2 months, P < 0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, metformin may potentially enhance the therapeutic effect and increase survival in type 2 DM patients with lung cancer receiving EGFR-TKI therapy.

scholarly journals Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with Lung Cancer: A Case–Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Quentin Gibiot ◽  
Isabelle Monnet ◽  
Pierre Levy ◽  
Anne-Laure Brun ◽  
Martine Antoine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Control Study

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) seems to be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer (LC) and to have a poorer prognosis than LC without ILD. The frequency of ILD in an LC cohort and its prognosis implication need to be better elucidated. This retrospective, observational, cohort study evaluated the frequency of ILD among LC patients (LC–ILD) diagnosed over a 2-year period. LC–ILD patients’ characteristics were compared to those with LC without ILD (LC–noILD). Lastly, we conducted a case–control study within this cohort, matching three LC–noILDs to each LC–ILD patient, to evaluate the ILD impact on LC patients’ prognoses. Among 906 LC patients, 49 (5.4%) also had ILD. Comparing LC–ILD to LC–noILD patients, respectively, more were men (85.7% vs. 66.2%; p = 0.02); adenocarcinomas were less frequent (47.1% vs. 58.7%, p = 0.08); median [range] and overall survival was shorter: (9 [range: 0.1–39.4] vs. 17.5 [range: 0.8–50.4] months; p = 0.01). Multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]) retained two factors independently associated with LC risk of death: ILD (1.79 [1.22–2.62]; p = 0.003) and standard-of-care management (0.49 [0.33–0.72]; p < 0.001). Approximately 5% of patients with a new LC diagnosis had associated ILD. ILD was a major prognosis factor for LC and should be taken into consideration for LC management. Further studies are needed to determine the best therapeutic strategy for the LC–ILD population.

Asbestos Exposure, Pleural Plaques, and the Risk of Death from Lung Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 190 (12) ◽  
pp. 1413-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Pairon ◽  
Pascal Andujar ◽  
Mickael Rinaldo ◽  
Jacques Ameille ◽  
Patrick Brochard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Pleural Plaques

Radiation dose is significantly associated with overall survival in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer treated with combined radiation and chemotherapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18074-18074
Author(s):  
L. Wang ◽  
L. Zhao ◽  
J. Hayman ◽  
G. Kalemkerian ◽  
F. Kong
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Stage Iii Nsclc

18074 Background: Radiation dose is an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We hypothesized that radiation dose is also a significant independent factor associated with survival in patients with stage III disease treated with combined radiation and chemotherapy. Methods: This is an Institutional Review Board approved retrospective study. Eligible subjects included those with stage III NSCLC registered in the radiation oncology database at University of Michigan Hospital between January 1992 and July 2004. Radiation was given using 3-dimensional conformal technique with doses ranging from 30 to 102.9 Gy, corresponding to a bioequivalent dose (BED) of 39 to 124.5Gy. Median age was 65 years (range, 36–89). There were 80 males and 67 females. Median follow-up was 13.0 months (range, 2.7–145.9). Results: For patients treated with radiation alone (n=40), sequential chemoradiation (n=42), and concurrent chemoradiation (n=65), median survival was 8.6 (95% CI: 5.7–11.5), 12.8 (95% CI: 9.5–16.0) and 15.4 (95% CI: 12.7–18.0) months, respectively (P =0 .011). Multivariate Cox-regression analysis showed that BED (HR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.95–0.97, P<0.001) and administration of chemotherapy (HR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.28–0.70, P=0.001) were independent prognostic factors associated with the risk of death. T stage was marginally significant (P=0.065). Age, gender and N stage were not independent factors (P>0.05). To isolate the BED effect, multivariate analysis was performed separately in patients treated with and without chemotherapy: the hazard ratios of BED for the risk of death were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95–0.99, P=0 .013) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93–0.98, P=0.001), respectively. BED also remained a significant independent prognostic factor in patients treated with chemotherapy and radiation in the dose range of 60–66 Gy (HR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.84–0.99, P=0.041). Conclusions: Radiation dose is significantly associated with survival in patients with stage III NSCLC treated with combined radiation and chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Prognostic impact of circulating endothelial cell counts in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21045-e21045
Author(s):  
Nutan Jyothi DeJoubner ◽  
Hyunseok Kang ◽  
Qunna Li ◽  
Wayne A C Harris ◽  
Rena Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Advanced Nsclc ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Cell Counts

e21045 Background: Blood progenitor cells expressing the stem cell marker CD34 have been associated with prognosis in cancer. We hypothesized that non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with higher numbers of circulating CD34+ endothelial progenitor cells (CD34+/CD146+/CD45-, CEC) would have worse post-treatment outcomes and patients with more hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+/CD45+/CD45dim/CD133+, HPC) would have better outcomes. Methods: Blood samples from patients with advanced NSCLC were analyzed at 3 time points: prior to chemotherapy, after cycle one, and at completion of treatment or progression of disease, in an IRB-approved protocol. CEC, HPC, and immune subsets were measured by flow cytometry optimized for rare event detection. Primary outcomes were progression and death from the time of study entry. Patients were categorized and compared for progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) based on median cell counts. Differences between groups were tested using log-rank test and Cox regression. Results: A total of 62 patients were enrolled with mean age of 64 (37-87 years). There were 29 deaths after a median follow-up of 8.1 months. 40 patients progressed at a median of 5.4 months. Median numbers of CEC, HPC, and CD4+ T-cells were (0.05/uL, 0.41/uL, and 637/uL, respectively). Lower CEC at baseline was associated with a favorable PFS compared to those with higher counts (median PFS of 7.3 months versus 4.3 months, p=0.049). In a multivariate analysis after adjusting for age, gender, smoking, race, TNM stage, pathology, performance status and CD4 counts at baseline, patients with high CEC had almost 3-fold risk of death (HR=2.70, p=0.04) and disease progression (HR=3.03, p < 0.01) compared with patients with low numbers of CEC. In the same model, patients with fewer CD4+ T cells had > 3 fold risk of death compared with patients with higher numbers (HR=3.79, p=0.01). HPC content was not associated with OS or PFS. Conclusions: In patients with advanced NSCLC, higher CEC and lower CD4 counts at diagnosis are associated with worse outcomes. Higher CEC may serve as a cellular biomarker for extent of disease or tumor biology. Patients with poor T-cell immunity prior to treatment have worse survival.

Survival after cancer diagnosis among patients with higher income and education in Israel, a country with highly appreciated health service.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1598-1598
Author(s):  
Yakir Rottenberg ◽  
Aviad Zick ◽  
Tamar Peretz
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Treatment Disparities ◽  
After Cancer

1598 Background: In recent years, the 5 year survival following cancer diagnosis is about two thirds. Among patients with various chronic diseases, improved survival is known to be associated with higher income and education. The aim of the current study is to assess the influence of income and education on survival following cancer diagnosis in Israel. Methods: Retrospective cohort study, using baseline measurement from the 1995 census conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics in Israel. Cancer data were obtained from the Israel Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards ratios were calculated for mortality among cancer patients and adjusted for age, sex, religious, income and education years. The first model excluded cancers associated with early detection (breast, prostate, colorectal and cervix), and a second model excluded also lung cancer in order to control for smoking which is common in lower socioeconomic status. Results: A total of 3,712 cases of cancer and 1,252 deaths were reported during the study period. Higher income (HR=0.985 per 1000NIS, approximately 330$ in 1995's value, p=0.016) and education (HR=0.957 per year of education, p<0.001) were associated with decreased risk of death after cancer diagnosis. Jews had better prognosis than non-Jews following cancer diagnosis (HR=0.62, p<0.001), while males (HR=1.54, p<0.001) and age (HR=1.036 per year, p<0.001) had been associated with worse prognosis. The association between higher income and education was not changed in a model which excluded lung cancer. Conclusions: Higher income and education are associated with improved survival after cancer diagnosis. In the light of current study, further studies are needed to depict the variation in cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis and treatment disparities related to socioeconomic variables.

Association between hospital volume and overall survival of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9044-9044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Goyal ◽  
Adam C. Bartley ◽  
Ronald S. Go
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Lower Volume

9044 Background: Prior studies have shown superior surgical outcomes of stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in centers with higher patient volumes. However, there is a lack of such information in stage IV NSCLC. In this study, we aim to determine the association between the number of patients with stage IV NSCLC treated annually at a treatment facility (volume) and all-cause mortality (outcome). Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, we identified patients diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC between 2004 and 2013. We classified the facilities by quartiles (Q; mean patients with NSCLC treated per year): Q1: < 13.8; Q2: 13.8 to 23.6, Q3: 23.6 to 30.3, and Q4: > 30.3. We used sandwich variance estimators to account for clustering of patients within facilities and Cox regression to determine the volume-outcome relationship, adjusting for demographic (sex, age, race), socioeconomic (insurance type), receipt of chemotherapy, and comorbid (Charlson-Deyo score) factors and year of diagnosis. Results: There were 281,654 patients with stage IV NSCLC treated at 1,275 facilities. The median age at diagnosis was 66 years, and 55.7% were men. The median annual facility volume was 23.6 patients per year (range, 1.0 to 301.4). The distribution of patients according to facility volume was: Q1: 6.6%, Q2: 14.9%, Q3: 25.4%, and Q4: 53.1%. The unadjusted median overall survival by facility volume was: Q1: 4.4 months, Q2: 4.5 months, Q3: 4.7 months, and Q4: 5.3 months ( P< .001). Multivariable analysis showed that facility volume was independently associated with all-cause mortality. Compared with patients treated at Q4 facilities, patients treated at lower-quartile facilities had a small but significantly higher risk of death (Q3 hazard ratio [HR], 1.05 [95% CI, 1.03 to 1.07]; Q2 HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.03 to 1.09]; Q1 HR, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.06 to 1.13]). Conclusions: Patients who were treated for stage IV NSCLC at lower-volume facilities had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality compared with those who were treated at lower-volume facilities. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Does the Couse of Astragalus-Containing Chinese Herbal Prescriptions and Radiotherapy Benefit to Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treatment: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hailang He ◽  
Xianmei Zhou ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Yang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Karnofsky Performance Status ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Chinese Herbal

Background.Radiotherapy has been widely used for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), while its low efficacy and high toxicity raise big concerns. Astragalus (as a monarch drug)-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions and radiotherapy were frequently coused for NSCLC in China; however, the effects were not systematically analyzed.Objective.To evaluate the benefits of Astragalus-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions combined with radiotherapy for NSCLC.Methods.The randomized controlled trials involving NSCLC treatment with Astragalus-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions combined with radiotherapy were searched. The Review Manager 5.1 software was employed for data analysis. Funnel plot and Egger’s test were applied to evaluate publication bias.Results.29 eligible studies met our criteria. Of the studies, 8, 6, and 4 reported reduced risk of death at one year, two years, and three years, respectively. 26 studies revealed amended tumor response. Six studies showed improved Karnofsky performance status. Among the studies, 14 and 18 displayed a lowered white blood cells (WBC) toxicity and an ameliorated radiation pneumonia, respectively.Conclusion.Couse of Astragalus-containing Chinese herbal prescriptions and radiotherapy may benefit the patients with NSCLC via increasing the therapeutic effectiveness and reducing the toxicity of radiotherapy. To confirm the exact merits, further rigorously designed trials are warranted.

Resting heart rate, temporal changes in resting heart rate, and overall and cause-specific mortality

Heart ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (13) ◽  
pp. 1076-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Seviiri ◽  
Brigid M Lynch ◽  
Allison M Hodge ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Danny Liew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study ◽  
Trained Staff

ObjectiveMost studies investigating the association between resting heart rate (RHR) and mortality have focused on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and measured RHR at only one time point. We aimed to assess associations of RHR and changes in RHR over approximately a decade with overall and cause-specific mortality.MethodsWe used data from participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study with RHR measures at baseline (1990–1994; n=41 386; 9846 deaths) and at follow-up (2003–2007; n=21 692; 2818 deaths). RHR measures were taken by trained staff, using Dinamap monitors. Cox models were used to estimate HR and 95% CI for the associations between RHR and mortality. Vital status and cause of death were ascertained until August 2015 and December 2013, respectively.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounders, including blood pressure and known medical conditions but not arrhythmias or atrial fibrillation, RHR was associated with a higher risk of death of similar magnitude for CVD (HR per 10 beats per minute (bpm)=1.11, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.16), cancer (HR=1.10, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.13) and other causes (HR=1.20, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.25). Higher mortality was observed for most cancer sites, including breast (HR=1.16, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.31), colorectal (HR=1.18, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.29), kidney (HR=1.27, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.57) and lung cancer (HR=1.19, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.29). Temporal increases in RHR were associated with higher mortality, particularly for individuals whose RHR increased by more than 15 bpm.ConclusionsRHR and changes in RHR over a decade are associated with mortality risk, including from causes other than CVD such as breast, colorectal or lung cancer. Monitoring of RHR may have utility in identifying individuals at higher mortality risk.

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