Intensification of an irrigated rice system in Senegal: Crop rotations, climate risks, sowing dates and varietal adaptation options

SUMMARYThe cropping systems of the Eastern Gangetic Plains of Bangladesh, India and Nepal are based on rice. There is a scope to intensify such systems through diversification with lentil, the most popular food legume. Two strategies were evaluated to fit lentil into the short fallow between successive monsoonal (i.e., T. aman) and pre-monsoonal (aus) or irrigated rice (boro) crop. These were early-flowering sole-cropped lentil and relay-sown lentil into rice. Firstly, 18 early-flowering lentil lines at three contrasting sowing dates were tested over two seasons on a research station at Ishurdi in Bangladesh. Secondly, relay sowing was evaluated at the same location with six early-flowering lines and two control cultivars in two seasons. It was also assessed on ten farms in Western Bangladesh, comparing relay with sole cropping over 3 years. Flowering in the early-flowering lentil lines was consistently 9–17 days earlier, than the control cultivars, but they did not achieve an economic yield (<1·0 t/ha). Relay sowing with an existing cultivar produced an economic yield of lentil, which was comparable or higher than sole-cropped lentil in all situations. The relay-sown lentil matured in sufficient time to allow the land to be prepared for the succeeding rain-fed rice crop. It was concluded that the substitution of relay-sown lentil for fallow in the monsoonal rice–fallow–rain-fed rice cropping pattern is a useful option to intensify and diversify cropping in the Eastern Gangetic Plain.

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Sustainable alternative crop rotations to the irrigated rice-wheat cropping system of Indo-Gangetic plains of India

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science ◽

10.1080/03650340.2021.1912324 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tej Ram Banjara ◽

Jitandra Singh Bohra ◽

Sushil Kumar ◽

Tejbal Singh ◽

Abhishek Shori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cropping System ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Irrigated Rice ◽

Gangetic Plains ◽

Alternative Crop

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Do Community-Based Institutions Spur Climate Adaptation in Urban Informal Settlements in India?

10.1007/978-981-16-0680-9_22 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 339-356

Author(s):

Upasna Sharma ◽

Bijal Brahmbhatt ◽

Harshkumar Nareshkumar Panchal

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Empirical Evidence ◽

Vulnerability Assessment ◽

Local Governments ◽

Community Action ◽

Community Based ◽

Climate Risks ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Impact ◽

Adaptation Options

AbstractThis chapter examines empirical evidence on the effectiveness of community-based organizations (CBOs) in enhancing the ability of people living in slums to address their climate risks and engage meaningfully with local governments. In particular, this chapter intends to examine whether CBOs are effective in increasing awareness of climate change and adaptation options for reducing climate risks for slum households and their communities. This study focuses on three climatic shocks that typically affect most urban areas in South Asia, i.e. heat wave, flooding and vector-borne diseases where urban poor are more susceptible to these. The main actors for enabling community-based adaptationand adaptive capacity were the women’s groups in the slums called the community action group (CAG). The interventions for enhancing the adaptive capacities were—(i) training the community on the knowledge of causes and impacts of climate change; (ii) employing participatory vulnerability assessment for assessing the impact of climatic risks; and (iii) community-based resilience planning for framing the strategies to act against the risks realized under the vulnerability assessment. To evaluate the impact of the intervention, a quasi-experimental approach was taken—data on different measures of impact and adaptation options were collected through a detailed household questionnaire administered in the intervention slums as well as a set of control slums for a comparison in the baseline year as well as end line year. The study provides strong empirical evidence on the effectiveness of CAGs to enhance the awareness of climate change, awareness about adaptation options to reduce climate impacts, and to facilitate the implementation of adaptation options by slum households.

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Water balance, drought stress and yields for rainfed field crop rotations under present and future conditions in the Czech Republic

Climate Research ◽

10.3354/cr01339 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 65 ◽

pp. 175-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

P Hlavinka ◽

KC Kersebaum ◽

M Dubrovský ◽

M Fischer ◽

E Pohanková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Water Balance ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Field Crop ◽

The Czech Republic

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Crop rotations with clover and their productivity

Multifunctional adaptive feed production № 23 (71) ◽

10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-38-42 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ol'ga Gladysheva ◽

Oksana Artyuhova ◽

Vera Svirina

Keyword(s):

Forest Soil ◽

Crop Rotation ◽

Gray Forest Soil ◽

Arable Land ◽

Perennial Grasses ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Field Crop ◽

Pure Steam ◽

Positive Effect

The results of long-term research in experiments with crop rotations with different clover saturation are presented. It is shown that the cluster has a positive effect on the main indicators of vegetation of dark-gray forest soil. The introduction of two fields of perennial grasses into the six-field crop rotation significantly increases both the humus reserves and increases the productivity of arable land by 1.5–2 times compared to the crop rotation with a field of pure steam.

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NITROGEN CYCLES IN CROP ROTATIONS DIFFERING IN FERTILIZATION

Proceedings of the 7th International Scientific Conference Rural Development 2015 ◽

10.15544/rd.2015.058 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Saulius GUŽYS ◽

Stefanija MISEVIČIENĖ

Keyword(s):

Crop Rotation ◽

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Drainage Water ◽

Perennial Grasses ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Cereal Crop

The use of nitrogen fertilizer is becoming a global problem; however continuous fertilization with nitrogen ensures large and constant harvests. An 8 year research (2006–2013) was conducted to evaluate the relationships between differently fertilized cultivated plant rotations. The research was conducted in Lipliunai (Lithuania) in the agroecosystem with nitrogen metabolism in fields with deeper carbonaceous soil, i.e. Endocalcari Endohypogleyic Cambisol (CMg-n-w-can). The research area covered three drained plots where crop rotation of differently fertilized cereals and perennial grasses was applied. Samples of soil, water and plants were investigated in the Chemical Analysis Laboratory of the Aleksandras Stulginskis University certified by the Environment Ministry of the Republic of Lithuania. The greatest productivity was found in a crop rotation with higher fertilization (N32-140). In crop rotation with lower fertilization (N24-90) productivity of cereals and perennial grasses (N0-80) was 11–35 % lower. The highest amount of mineral soil nitrogen was found in cereal crop rotation with higher fertilization. It was influenced by fertilization and crop productivity. The lowest Nmin and Ntotal concentrations in drainage water were found in grasses crop rotation. Crop rotations of differently fertilized cereals increased nitrogen concentration in drainage water. Nmin concentration in water depended on crop productivity, quantity of mineral soil nitrogen, fertilization, and nitrogen balance. The lowest nitrogen leaching was found in the crop rotation of grasses. Cereal crop rotation increased nitrogen leaching by 12–42 %. The usage of all crop rotations resulted in a negative nitrogen balance, which essentially depended on fertilization with nitrogen fertilizer.

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EFFECT OF SOWING DATE ON GRAIN YIELD OF CRAB GRASS

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.49.2001.3.10 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 293-297

Author(s):

S. O. Bakare ◽

M. G. M. Kolo ◽

J. A. Oladiran

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Significant Interaction ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Yield Data ◽

Significant Interaction Effect ◽

Sowing Dates

There was a significant interaction effect between the variety and the sowing date for the number of productive tillers, indicating that the response to sowing date varied with the variety. A significant reduction in the number of productive tillers became evident when sowing was delayed till 26 June in the straggling variety as compared to sowing dates in May. Lower numbers of productive tillers were also recorded when the sowing of the erect variety was further delayed till 10 July. The grain yield data showed that it is not advisable to sow the straggling variety later than 12 June, while sowing may continue till about 26 June for the erect variety in the study area.

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