COVID-19 Infection Survivors and the Risk of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms: A Nationwide Study of Adults in the United States

Currently, there are 2.5 million children in the United States who suffered the loss of a parent. Grieving children are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety compared with their nongrieving peers. Adults ( N = 19) who experienced a loss during childhood were interviewed to assess what was most helpful and most harmful in coping through the years following the death. The qualitative descriptions were coded and analysis of common themes determined. Five theoretical constructs were found: adjustment to catastrophe, support, therapy, continuing a connection with the deceased parent, and reinvestment. The findings have clinical applications for bereaved children, their families, and clinical programs targeting this population. The unique insights provide an emotionally salient expression of their experiences and provide a framework for how best to support this group.

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A nationwide study of breast cancer, depression, and multimorbidity among hospitalized women and men in the United States

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment ◽

10.1007/s10549-018-5059-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 174 (1) ◽

pp. 237-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roger J. Zoorob ◽

Jason L. Salemi ◽

Maria C. Mejia de Grubb ◽

Sanjukta Modak ◽

Robert S. Levine

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Nationwide Study

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Abstract 514: Sex-Related Disparities in Outcomes After Myocardial Infarction Among Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Evidence From a Nationwide Study

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvb.37.suppl_1.514 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Akintunde M Akinjero ◽

Oluwole Adegbala ◽

Tomi Akinyemiju

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Female Gender ◽

The United States ◽

Nationwide Study ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Significant Difference

Background: The overall mortality rate after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is falling in the United States. However, outcomes remain unacceptably worse in females compared to males. It is not known how coexisting atrial fibrillation (AF) modify outcomes among the sexes. We sought to examine the association of sex with clinical characteristics and outcomes after AMI among patients with AF. Methods: We accessed the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), to extract all hospitalizations between 2007 and 2011 for patients above 18yrs with principal diagnosis of AMI and coexisting diagnosis of AF using ICD 9-CM codes. The NIS represents the largest all-payer hospitalization database in the United States, sampling approximately 8 million hospitalizations per year. We also extracted outcomes data (length of stay (LOS), stroke and in-hospital mortality) after AMI among Patients with AF. We then compared sex differences. Univariate and Multivariate analysis were conducted to determine the presence of statistically significant difference in outcomes between men and women. Results: A total of 184,584 AF patients with AMI were sampled, consisting of 46.82% (86,420) women and 53.13% (98,164) men. Compared with men, women with AF and AMI had a greater multivariate-adjusted risk for increased stroke rate (aOR=1.51, 95% CI=1.45-1.59), and higher in-hospital mortality (aOR=1.12, 95% CI=1.09-1.15). However, female gender was not significantly associated with longer LOS (aOR=-0.22, 95% CI= -0.29-(-0.14). Conclusion: In this large nationwide study of a population-based cohort, women experienced worse outcomes after AMI among patients with AF. They had higher in-hospital mortality and increased stroke rates. Our findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve these disparities in outcomes.

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The impact of perceived relationship to ancestors on the association between self-transcendence and psychopathology: A cross-cultural examination

Transcultural Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/13634615211049072 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 136346152110490

Author(s):

Simon Hanseung Choi ◽

Clayton Hoi-Yun McClintock ◽

Elsa Lau ◽

Lisa Miller

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Cultural ◽

Self Awareness ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Self Transcendence ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact ◽

India And China

Self-transcendence has been associated with lower levels of psychopathology. Most studies of self-transcendence have focused on samples of Western participants, and used scales addressing such concepts as self-awareness and feelings of oneness with the larger universe. However, a common Eastern notion of transcendence—perception of ongoing relationships with ancestors—has not been studied. We conducted a cross-cultural investigation of the association between self-transcendence, perceived degree of relationship to ancestors and depression and anxiety in the United States (N = 1499), China (N = 3,150), and India (N = 863). Degrees of perceived relationship to ancestors differed across countries, with the highest rates in India and China, and lowest rates in the United States. Self-transcendence was negatively associated with risks for depression and anxiety in the United States. In India, self-transcendence was also negatively associated with risks for depression and anxiety, and a strong perceived relationship with ancestors had further protective benefit. In China, those with a high level of perceived relationship to ancestors and a high level of self-transcendence exhibited lower levels of psychopathology. Results suggest that measures of relationship to ancestors might be included in future cross-cultural studies of transcendence.

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Who pays the price for high neuroticism? Moderators of longitudinal risks for depression and anxiety

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291717000253 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (10) ◽

pp. 1794-1805 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

J. R. Vittengl

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Symptom ◽

Social Problems ◽

Economic Status ◽

Significant Risk ◽

The United States ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Socio Economic Status ◽

Symptom Intensity ◽

Physical Limitations

BackgroundHigh neuroticism is a well-established risk for present and future depression and anxiety, as well as an emerging target for treatment and prevention. The current analyses tested the hypothesis that physical, social and socio-economic disadvantages each amplify risks from high neuroticism for longitudinal increases in depression and anxiety symptoms.MethodA national sample of adults (n = 7108) provided structured interview and questionnaire data in the Midlife Development in the United States Survey. Subsamples were reassessed roughly 9 and 18 years later. Time-lagged multilevel models predicted changes in depression and anxiety symptom intensity across survey waves.ResultsHigh neuroticism predicted increases in a depression/anxiety symptom composite across retest intervals. Three disadvantage dimensions – physical limitations (e.g. chronic illness, impaired functioning), social problems (e.g. less social support, more social strain) and low socio-economic status (e.g. less education, lower income) – each moderated risks from high neuroticism for increases in depression and anxiety symptoms. Collectively, high scores on the three disadvantage dimensions amplified symptom increases attributable to high neuroticism by 0.67 standard deviations. In contrast, neuroticism was not a significant risk for increases in symptoms among participants with few physical limitations, few social problems or high socio-economic status.ConclusionsRisks from high neuroticism are not shared equally among adults in the USA. Interventions preventing or treating depression or anxiety via neuroticism could be targeted toward vulnerable subpopulations with physical, social or socio-economic disadvantages. Moreover, decreasing these disadvantages may reduce mental health risks from neuroticism.

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