scholarly journals Thermal comfort prediction of the existing housing stock in southern Spain through calibrated and validated parameterized simulation models

2021 ◽  
pp. 111562
Author(s):  
Carmen María Calama-González ◽  
Rafael Suárez ◽  
Ángel Luis León-Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Existing Housing

scholarly journals Predicting the Impact of Climate Change on Thermal Comfort in A Building Category: The Case of Linear-type Social Housing Stock in Southern Spain

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocío Escandón ◽  
Rafael Suárez ◽  
Juan José Sendra ◽  
Fabrizio Ascione ◽  
Nicola Bianco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Do So

The Climate Change scenario projected by the IPCC for the year 2050 predicts noticeable increases in temperature. In severe summer climates, such as the Mediterranean area, this would have very negative effects on thermal comfort in the existing housing stock, given the current high percentage of dwellings which are obsolete in energy terms and house a population at serious risk of energy poverty. The main aim of this paper is to generate a predictive model in order to assess the impact of this future climate scenario on thermal comfort conditions in an entire building category. To do so, calibrated models representing linear-type social multi-family buildings, dating from the post-war period and located in southern Spain, will be simulated extensively using transient energy analyses performed by EnergyPlus. In addition, a sensitivity analysis will be performed to identify the most influential parameters on thermal discomfort. The main results predict a generalized deterioration in indoor thermal comfort conditions due to global warming, increasing the average percentage of discomfort hours during the summer by more than 35%. This characterization of the future thermal behaviour of the residential stock in southern Spain could be a trustworthy tool for decision-making in energy retrofitting projects which are so badly needed. To do so, further work is required on some limitations of this model so that different user profiles and typologies can be represented in detail and an economic assessment can be included.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Hybrid Desiccant Cooling System with Enhanced Dehumidification Capability Using TRNSYS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3236
Author(s):  
Ji Hyeok Kim ◽  
Joon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Chp System

In a field test of a hybrid desiccant cooling system (HDCS) linked to a gas engine cogeneration system (the latter system is hereafter referred to as the combined heat and power (CHP) system), in the cooling operation mode, the exhaust heat remained and the latent heat removal was insufficient. In this study, the performance of an HDCS was simulated at a humidity ratio of 10 g/kg in conditioned spaces and for an increasing dehumidification capacity of the desiccant rotor. Simulation models of the HDCS linked to the CHP system were based on a transient system simulation tool (TRNSYS). Furthermore, TRNBuild (the TRNSYS Building Model) was used to simulate the three-dimensional structure of cooling spaces and solar lighting conditions. According to the simulation results, when the desiccant capacity increased, the thermal comfort conditions in all three conditioned spaces were sufficiently good. The higher the ambient temperature, the higher the evaporative cooling performance was. The variation in the regeneration heat with the outdoor conditions was the most dominant factor that determined the coefficient of performance (COP). Therefore, the COP was higher under high temperature and dry conditions, resulting in less regeneration heat being required. According to the prediction results, when the dehumidification capacity is sufficiently increased for using more exhaust heat, the overall efficiency of the CHP can be increased while ensuring suitable thermal comfort conditions in the cooling space.

scholarly journals NATIONAL BUILDING TYPOLOGY AS A SOURCE FOR AN ADEQUATE REHABILITATION POLICY

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dušan Ignjatović ◽  
Nataša Ćuković Ignjatović ◽  
Milica Jovanović Popović
Keyword(s):  
Housing Stock ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Local Characteristics ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Building Typology ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Adequate Data

Serbia’s Law on Planning and Building has imposed the topics of energy efficiency in building sector, requiring adequate policy making and providing a starting point for improvement of the current situation in this field. Considering the fact that there are more than 3.200.000 housing units without any statistical classification a need arose for establishing a national building typology as a starting point for further decision making and appropriate activities definition regarding the existing housing stock. After joining EU TABULA (Typology Approach for Building Stock Energy Assessment) project, methodologies and approaches of the European countries have been analysed providing a common experience, at the same illustrating a need for identification and classification of local characteristics. In order to obtain adequate data a comprehensive survey has been conducted, providing a starting point for creation of typology. The National Typology has identified typical “model” buildings and defined the levels of improvement ranging from standard (according to the current law) to the low-energy level. The paper explains the methodology, procedures and local characteristics of the process and gives an insight in the activity describing the problems and potentials of the approach.

scholarly journals Enhancing energy efficiency of an existing housing stock

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
K.V. Izmaylova ◽  
L.A. Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
Full Operation

The article analyzes domestic and international experience in the field of energy efficiency and energy security. Thus, it was important to adopt the Law of Ukraine "On the Energy Efficiency of Buildings", which introduced mandatory certification of buildings by energy consumption classes. The study of sources on the issues of effective energy consumption showed that issues related to improving the energy efficiency of buildings and structures are acquiring special relevance; the use of foreign models to improve the energy efficiency of the housing stock. Specific organizational and economic measures are highlighted that will help improve the energy efficiency of the national economy. The Swedish experience of using a modern cost model for the full period of operation ("General Concept") is studied, which aims to assess the economic results of investments in measures to improve the energy efficiency of the housing stock. The main principles of the modern cost model of the full operation period and the criteria for determining the number of necessary energy efficiency measures are considered. Analyzed "hard" (physical condition of the building) and "soft" (user behavior) measures that provide for the integrated energy efficiency of the building. The stages of the analysis according to the cost model of the full operation period are considered. The typical for Sweden ranges of the duration of energy efficient measures and the requirements for the internal rate of return, which depends on the general economic situation in the country and the terms of the loan, have been investigated.  Based on the results of the energy audit of the ten-story building selected for the study and taking into account the experience of Sweden, a number of measures to improve energy efficiency are proposed and a calculation is given to ensure the energy efficiency of a residential building in Ukraine. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is a positive trend in this implementation. With the integrated use of all measures that will even allow you to save more, you can significantly improve the energy efficiency of the existing housing stock in Ukraine.

Assessment of energy performance using bottom-up method

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-216
Author(s):  
Khadidja El-Bahdja Djebbar ◽  
Souria Salem ◽  
Abderrahmane Mokhtari
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumption Index ◽  
Physical Information ◽  
Thermal Simulations ◽  
Existing Housing

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze energy performance of the multi-storey buildings built in the city of Tlemcen between 1872 and 2016. Design/methodology/approach A diagnosis based on a bottom-up methodology, using statistical techniques and engineering, has been developed and applied. To do this, demand condition analysis was conducted using a data collection survey on a sample of 100 case studies. Physical characteristics of the buildings have been determined through the archetype by period. This serves to define the strengths and weaknesses of buildings as energy consumers. Findings The obtained results showed that dwellings built between 1872 and 1920 offer better energy performance with a consumption index close to 130kWh/m2/year and this compared to the five periods considered. For dwellings built between 1974 and 1989, energy consumption is higher with an index approaching 300kWh/m2/year, thus qualifying the buildings of this period as energy intensive. Originality/value A database is established to collect physical information on the existing housing stock and thus allow their classification vis-à-vis of the energy label. This study is part of a research project aimed at evaluating and determining optimal measures for energy rehabilitation of multi-family buildings in Tlemcen. Thermal rehabilitation solutions are proposed using thermal simulations, in the following studies, to improve thermal performance of existing buildings. This study constitutes the first step of a roadmap applicable to other cities constituting climatic zones in Algeria. This helps to enrich the Algerian thermal regulation in thermal rehabilitation of existing residential buildings and conception of new ones, in urban areas with a similar climate.

scholarly journals Evidence base for a housing warrant of fitness

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211984302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Telfar-Barnard ◽  
Julie Bennett ◽  
Andrew Robinson ◽  
Albert Hailes ◽  
Jenny Ombler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Major Public Health Issue ◽  
Basic Minimum ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
The Relationship

Substandard housing is a major public health issue in New Zealand. Approximately, two-thirds of the housing stock is uninsulated and many homes are inadequately heated, with an average indoor temperature of 14.5°C. Cold, damp, and mouldy housing results in poor health; each year, respiratory hospital admissions are 74% higher during winter, and excess winter mortality is 20% higher than other seasons. The relationship between injury and housing conditions is also well established. Each year, 500,000 New Zealanders suffer falls requiring medical treatment in their homes. As a step towards improving the quality of existing housing, an evidence-based warrant of fitness has been developed. This article outlines the evidence base to each criterion in the warrant of fitness. We conclude that introducing and properly enforcing a housing warrant of fitness will ensure that basic minimum standards are met, which could mitigate the disease burdens and injuries associated with, or caused, by poorer quality housing. In addition, there are potential fiscal and economic advantages of the scheme, including reduced hospitalisations and increased productivity.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Methodologic Assumptions of the NOM-020-ENER-2011—Mexican Residential Building Standard

Environments ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Martin-Dominguez ◽  
Norma Rodriguez-Muñoz ◽  
Claudia Romero-Perez ◽  
Mario Najera-Trejo ◽  
Naghelli Ortega-Avila
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Many ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

In Mexico, residents of low income housing mainly achieve thermal comfort through mechanical ventilation and electrical air conditioning systems. Though government and private efforts have risen to meet an increasing demand for social housing, the average construction quality and thermal comfort of new housing stock has decreased over the years. Various programs and regulations have been implemented to address these concerns, including the 2011 residential building standard NOM-020-ENER-2011. This standard attempts to limit heat gains in residential buildings, in order to reduce the energy consumption required from cooling systems, and was intended to be applied throughout Mexico. NOM-020-ENER-2011, however, divides the country into just four climatic zones and only considers the energy use of cooling systems, disregarding heating costs. The recommendations of this policy are thus inadequate for the many regions in Mexico that have mild to moderate winters. This study discusses the assumptions and calculations that underlie NOM-020-ENER-2011, identifying several problems and recommending specific changes to the standard that would lead to greater comfort and lower energy use throughout Mexico.

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