Damage analysis of rotation speed on corrosion film of 3Cr steel in the CO2 environment with silty sand

It is expected that the demand for Metal Matrix Composite (MMCs) will increase in these applications in the aerospace and automotive industries sectors, strengthened AMC has different advantages over monolithic aluminium alloy as it has characteristics between matrix metal and reinforcement particles. However, adequate joining technique, which is important for structural materials, has not been established for (MMCs) yet. Conventional fusion welding is difficult because of the irregular redistribution or reinforcement particles. Also, the reaction between reinforcement particles and aluminium matrix as weld defects such as porosity in the fusion zone make fusion welding more difficult. The aim of this work was to show friction stir welding (FSW) feasibility for entering Al 6061/5 to Al 6061/18 wt. % SiCp composites has been produced by using stir casting technique. SiCp is added as reinforcement in to Aluminium alloy (Al 6061) for preparing metal matrix composite. This method is less expensive and very effective. Different rotational speeds,1000 and 1800 rpm and traverse speed 10 mm \ min was examined. Specimen composite plates having thick 10 mm were FS welded successfully. A high-speed steel (HSS) cylindrical instrument with conical pin form was used for FSW. The outcome revealed that the ultimate tensile strength of the welded joint (Al 6061/18 wt. %) was 195 MPa at rotation speed 1800 rpm, the outcome revealed that the ultimate tensile strength of the welded joint (Al 6061/18 wt.%) was 165 MPa at rotation speed 1000 rpm, that was very near to the composite matrix as-cast strength. The research of microstructure showed the reason for increased joint strength and microhardness. The microstructural study showed the reason (4 %) for higher joint strength and microhardness. due to Significant of SiCp close to the boundary of the dynamically recrystallized and thermo mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) was observed through rotation speed 1800 rpm. The friction stir welded ultimate tensile strength Decreases as the volume fraction increases of SiCp (18 wt.%).

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The generated power of multipole induction generator with secondary winding on the stator

Scientific Journal of Riga Technical University Power and Electrical Engineering ◽

10.2478/v10144-009-0006-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (25) ◽

pp. 31-34

Author(s):

Guntis Diļevs ◽

Edgars Jakobsons

Keyword(s):

Rotation Speed ◽

Induction Generator ◽

Two Phase ◽

Three Phase ◽

Secondary Winding

The generated power of multipole induction generator with secondary winding on the statorThis paper posses the construction of induction generator, which has the ability to operate at a low rotation speed. This generator can be applied for directly driven turbine without using the gearbox. The generator is multi pole with all of the windings placed on the stator. Rotor is tooth-like and has no windings on it. Primary winding is three phase, secondary winding is two phase.

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Development of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Lamivudine for Brain Targeting

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v1i1.8837 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pravin Patil ◽

Anil Sharma ◽

Subhash Dadarwal ◽

Vijay Sharma

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Release ◽

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽

Rotation Speed ◽

Lipid Nanoparticles ◽

Brain Targeting ◽

Brain Penetration ◽

Solid Lipid ◽

Diffusion Technique

The objective of present investigation was to enhance brain penetration of Lamivudine, one of the most widely used drugs for the treatment of AIDS. This was achieved through incorporating the drug into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) prepared by using emulsion solvent diffusion technique. The formulations were characterized for surface morphology, size and size distribution, percent drug entrapment and drug release. The optimum rotation speed, resulting into better drug entrapment and percent yield, was in the range of 1000-1250 r/min. In vitro cumulative % drug release from optimized SLN formulation was found 40-50 % in PBS (pH-7.4) and SGF (pH-1.2) respectively for 10 h. After 24 h more than 65 % of the drug was released from all formulations in both mediums meeting the requirement for drug delivery for prolong period of time.

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PLANETARY SELF-ORGANIZATION

THE LIFE OF THE EARTH ◽

10.29003/m1481.0514-7468.2020_42_3/271-282 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 271-282

Author(s):

OLEG IVANOV

Keyword(s):

Dynamical System ◽

Heat Source ◽

Mantle Convection ◽

Plate Tectonics ◽

Rotation Speed ◽

Self Organization ◽

Heat Sources ◽

Kinematic Parameters ◽

The Earth ◽

New Type

The general characteristics of planetary systems are described. Well-known heat sources of evolution are considered. A new type of heat source, variations of kinematic parameters in a dynamical system, is proposed. The inconsistency of the perovskite-post-perovskite heat model is proved. Calculations of inertia moments relative to the D boundary on the Earth are given. The 9 times difference allows us to claim that the sliding of the upper layers at the Earth's rotation speed variations emit heat by viscous friction.This heat is the basis of mantle convection and lithospheric plate tectonics.

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Effect of semi-open impeller side clearance on centrifugal pump cavitation inception

International Journal of Computational Physics Series ◽

10.29167/a1i2p24-39 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 24-39

Author(s):

A. Farid ◽

A. Abou El-Azm Aly ◽

H. Abdallah

Keyword(s):

Centrifugal Pump ◽

Static Pressure ◽

Rotation Speed ◽

Centrifugal Pumps ◽

Severe Condition ◽

Cavitation Inception ◽

Total Input ◽

Input Pressure ◽

Pump Head ◽

Pump Pressure

Cavitation in pumps is the most severe condition that centrifugal pumps can work in and is leading to a loss in their performance. Herein, the effect of semi-open centrifugal pump side clearance on the inception of pump cavitation has been investigated. The input pump pressure has been changed from 80 to 16 kPa and the pump side clearance has been changed from 1 mm to 3 mm at a rotation speed of 1500 rpm. It has been shown that as the total input pressure decreased; the static pressure inside the impeller is reduced while the total pressure in streamwise direction has been reduced, also the pump head is constant with the reduction of the total input pressure until the cavitation is reached. Head is reduced due to cavitation inception; the head is reduced in the case of a closed impeller with a percent of 1.5% while it is reduced with a percent of 0.5% for pump side clearance of 1mm, both are at a pressure of 20 kPa. Results also showed that the cavitation inception in the pump had been affected and delayed with the increase of the pump side clearance; the cavitation has been noticed to occur at approximate pressures of 20 kPa for side clearance of 1mm, 18 kPa for side clearances of 2mm and 16 kPa for 3mm.

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Effect of Rotation Speed on the Quality of Friction Welded AA 6061/AA 7075 Joints

Materials Testing ◽

10.3139/120.110571 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 381-385

Author(s):

Ayhan Orhan ◽

Yücel Asma

Keyword(s):

Rotation Speed ◽

Aa 7075

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The Metallographer's Role in Damage Analysis

Practical Metallography ◽

10.3139/147.110152 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 48 (9) ◽

pp. 474-482

Author(s):

G. Weilnhammer

Keyword(s):

Damage Analysis

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The Investigation of Fluorine Induced Novel Probe Marker Discoloration

10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2018p0413 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

W.F. Hsieh ◽

Henry Lin ◽

Vincent Chen ◽

Irene Ou ◽

Y.S. Lou

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Dark Field ◽

Inspection System ◽

Automated Inspection ◽

Stress Tests ◽

Auger Analysis ◽

Corrosion Film ◽

Scan Data ◽

Thickness Variations ◽

One Year

Abstract This paper describes the investigation of donut-shaped probe marker discolorations found on Al bondpads. Based on SEM/EDS, TEM/EELS, and Auger analysis, the corrosion product is a combination of aluminum, fluorine, and oxygen, implying that the discolorations are due to the presence of fluorine. Highly accelerated stress tests simulating one year of storage in air resulted in no new or worsening discolorations in the affected chips. In order to identify the exact cause of the fluorine-induced corrosion, the authors developed an automated inspection system that scans an entire wafer, recording and quantifying image contrast and brightness variations associated with discolorations. Dark field TEM images reveal thickness variations of up to 5 nm in the corrosion film, and EELS line scan data show the corresponding compositional distributions. The findings indicate that fluorine-containing gases used in upstream processes leave residues behind that are driven in to the Al bondpads by probe-tip forces and activated by the electric field generated during CP testing. The knowledge acquired has proven helpful in managing the problem.

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