Importance of accurate trophic level determination by nitrogen isotope of amino acids for trophic magnification studies: A review

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 677-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Ji Won ◽  
Bohyung Choi ◽  
Seongjin Hong ◽  
Jong Seong Khim ◽  
Kyung-Hoon Shin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope

scholarly journals Stable nitrogen isotope analysis of amino acids as a new tool to clarify complex parasite–host interactions within food webs

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Riekenberg ◽  
Tijs Joling ◽  
Lonneke L. IJsseldijk ◽  
Andreas M. Waser ◽  
Marcel T. J. van der Meer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Stable Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope Analysis

How ‘Best’ to Determine Trophic Levels in Archaeological Agricultural Communities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Reynard
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Agricultural Communities ◽  
Plant Remains ◽  
Isotope System

Stable isotope ratios of bone collagen have been used to determine trophic levels in diverse archaeological populations. The longest established and arguably most successful isotope system has been nitrogen, followed by carbon, and more recently hydrogen. These trophic level proxies rely on a predictable change in isotope ratio with each trophic level step; however, this requirement may not always be met, which can lead to difficulties in interpreting archaeological evidence. In agricultural communities, in particular, there are several possible complications to the interpretation of nitrogen and carbon isotopes. Recent approaches to overcome these limitations include better quantification and understanding of the influences on consumer isotope ratios; inclusion of evidence from plant remains; further investigation of apatite δ13C—collagen δ13C spacing in bones; measurement of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in individual amino acids, rather than collagen; and development of other stable isotope proxies for trophic level, such as hydrogen isotopes.

Transamination Governs Nitrogen Isotope Heterogeneity of Amino Acids in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (32) ◽  
pp. 8008-8013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Braun ◽  
Armin Vikari ◽  
Wilhelm Windisch ◽  
Karl Auerswald
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope

Stable carbon isotopic analysis of amino acids in a simplified food chain consisting of the green alga Chlorella spp., the calanoid copepod Calanus sinicus, and the Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-zhen Liu ◽  
Lin Luo ◽  
De-ling Cai
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Green Alga ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Calanoid Copepod ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Japanese Anchovy ◽  
Calanus Sinicus ◽  
Engraulis Japonicus ◽  
Green Alga Chlorella

Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus Temminck and Schlegel, 1846) is a keystone species in the food web of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea ecosystem. To study nutrient flow at intermediate and lower trophic levels, a controlled feeding experiment was carried out on a simplified food chain of the green alga Chlorella Beijerinck, 1890 – the calanoid copepod Calanus sinicus Brodsky, 1962 – E. japonicus. For the whole organism, bulk δ13C was found to be enriched with escalating trophic level, although the intertrophic gap in δ13C was slightly lower than the commonly reported 1.5‰ per increase in level. Furthermore, 15 amino acids (AAs) were detected in the studied organisms. Among them, the δ13C values of 12 AAs were determined and were found to exhibit diverse patterns of variation. The δ13C levels of essential AAs changed very little and were highly correlated across trophic levels, indicating that they underwent little trophic fractionation and were mainly ingested by the consumers from the proteins in their food. In contrast, the δ13C values of nonessential AAs differed greatly across trophic levels, indicating that the nonessential AAs in consumers were synthesized de novo from food proteins. The fractionation pattern of nonessential AAs may depend on the carbon pool and the AA composition of the organism at the lower trophic level.

Compound‐specific δ 15 N analyses of amino acids for trophic level estimation from indigenous and invasive freshwater amphipods

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
René Sahm ◽  
Eike Sünger ◽  
Lisa Burmann ◽  
Jochen P. Zubrod ◽  
Ralf Schulz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Freshwater Amphipods

scholarly journals Spatial food-web structure in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean based on compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis of amino acids

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth D. Hetherington ◽  
Robert J. Olson ◽  
Jeffrey C. Drazen ◽  
Cleridy E. Lennert-Cody ◽  
Lisa T. Ballance ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Tropical Pacific Ocean ◽  
Eastern Tropical Pacific ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Web Structure ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope Analysis

Assessment of indigeneity in fossil organic matter: amino acids and stable isotopes

1991 ◽  
Vol 333 (1268) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Residual Organic Matter

Whereas the presence of amino acids in fossil materials is clearly related to biosynthesis, an indigenous relationship with the fossil may be suspect. At present, attempts to establish the indigeneity of amino acids in fossils are based on distribution and stereochemistry. However, fossil systems are not closed and racemization may be retarded in organic materials within a fossil matrix. The advent of new technologies has resulted in alternative methods for evaluating the authenticity of fossil organic matter. A comparison of the stable carbon isotope compositions of the D- and L-enantiomers of individual amino acids facilitates the evaluation of indigeneity. Here we report the application of this method for determining the origin(s) of amino acids in fossils and extraterrestrial samples. Further, nitrogen isotope compositions of fossil materials should reflect trophic order, with increasing enrichment in 515N with progression up the food chain. Establishment of the trophic position of a fossil would further reinforce the appraisal of indigeneity based on the isotopic composition of its residual organic matter. Results of initial studies on Cretaceous age vertebrates which are consistent with the suggested feeding morphologies of these organisms are also presented.

scholarly journals Abyssal deposit feeders are secondary consumers of detritus and rely on nutrition derived from microbial communities in their guts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Romero-Romero ◽  
Elizabeth C. Miller ◽  
Jesse A. Black ◽  
Brian N. Popp ◽  
Jeffrey C. Drazen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Abyssal Plain ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Deposit Feeders ◽  
Secondary Consumers

AbstractTrophic ecology of detrital-based food webs is still poorly understood. Abyssal plains depend entirely on detritus and are among the most understudied ecosystems, with deposit feeders dominating megafaunal communities. We used compound-specific stable isotope ratios of amino acids (CSIA-AA) to estimate the trophic position of three abundant species of deposit feeders collected from the abyssal plain of the Northeast Pacific (Station M; ~ 4000 m depth), and compared it to the trophic position of their gut contents and the surrounding sediments. Our results suggest that detritus forms the base of the food web and gut contents of deposit feeders have a trophic position consistent with primary consumers and are largely composed of a living biomass of heterotrophic prokaryotes. Subsequently, deposit feeders are a trophic level above their gut contents making them secondary consumers of detritus on the abyssal plain. Based on δ13C values of essential amino acids, we found that gut contents of deposit feeders are distinct from the surrounding surface detritus and form a unique food source, which was assimilated by the deposit feeders primarily in periods of low food supply. Overall, our results show that the guts of deposit feeders constitute hotspots of organic matter on the abyssal plain that occupy one trophic level above detritus, increasing the food-chain length in this detritus-based ecosystem.

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