Limnothrix sp. KO05: A newly characterized cyanobacterial biosorbent for cadmium removal: the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant reactions to cadmium toxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 142-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Haghighi ◽  
Shahab Shahryari ◽  
Mojgan Ebadi ◽  
Sima Modiri ◽  
Hossein Shahbani Zahiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Reactions

Removal of cadmium from waters by adsorption using nanochitosan

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haya Alyasi ◽  
Hamish R Mackey ◽  
Gordon McKay
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Best Fit

This study is based on the removal of cadmium from water by adsorption onto nanochitosan in order to reduce the impact of cadmium toxicity to humans and animals. The adsorption of cadmium onto this particular nanochitosan is a novel study assessed through equilibrium and kinetic experiments. It provides an effective method of cadmium removal to avoid cadmium health impacts described herein. The influence of different parameters on the effectiveness and efficiency of cadmium adsorption onto nanochitosan are presented by studying the effects of pH, initial cadmium concentration and the dosage of nanochitosan. Commonly used equilibrium models are described, and the discussion focuses on an analysis of different isotherm and kinetic models to determine the best fit model for predicting the cadmium–nanochitosan adsorption capacity. All models were studied for their statistical significance using two error methods; the Sum of Squared Error to the natural experimental data and the R2 method to the linearised experimental data. Since the R2 values were very close, the best fit is described according to the findings of the minimum Sum of Squared Error values. The capacity of nanochitosan was found to be 1.96 mmol Cd/g adsorbent. Most previous research studies propose a Langmuir equilibrium model for the adsorption of cadmium on chitosan and nanochitosan; however in the present study, three isotherms were tested; the best fit isotherm was the SIPS followed by the Langmuir, and the best fit kinetic model was the pseudo-second order followed by the Elovich model. The SIPS model indicates a multiple adsorption mechanism, a second-order chemisorption mechanism with two main complexation bonding methods, namely, a complex with one amine functional group and a second complexing type with two amine groups and two hydroxyl groups.

The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Serafini ◽  
Giuseppa Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

Determination of Some Heavy Metals in Milk of Cow Grazing At Selected Areas, of Kaduna Metropolis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmud Mohammed Imam ◽  
Zahra Muhammad ◽  
Amina Zakari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Research Work ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Scientific Model ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Digestion Technique

In this research work the concentration of zinc, copper, lead, chromium, cadmium, and nickel in cow milk samples obtained from four different grazing areas   (kakuri, kudendan, malali, kawo) of Kaduna metropolis. The samples were digested by wet digestion technique .The trace element were determined using bulk scientific model VPG 210 model  Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).. The concentration of the determined heavy metal were The result revealed that Cr,  Ni and Cd were not detected in milk samples from Kawo, Malali  and Kudendan whereas lead (Pb) is detected in all samples and found to be above  the stipulated limits of recommended dietary allowance (NRC,1989) given as 0.02mg/day. Cu and Zn are essential elements needed by the body for proper metabolism and as such their deficiency or excess is very dangerous for human health. However, they were found in all samples and are within the recommended limits while Cd (2.13 – 3.15 mg/kg) in milk samples from Kakuri was found to be above such limit (0.5mg/day). Cow milk samples analyzed for heavy metals in this research work pose a threat of lead and cadmium toxicity due to their exposure to direct sources of air, water and plants in these grazing areas, thereby, resulting to a potential health risk to the consumers.

Cereals frost resistance correlates with an integral indicators of content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds and activity of antioxidant enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
O. I. Horielova ◽  
◽  
N. I. Ryabchun ◽  
M. A. Shkliarevskyi ◽  
A. M. Reznik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Adult Plants

Along with specific adaptive reactions, universal defense reactions, in particular activation of antioxidant system, are of great importance for plant survival under cold conditions. We have studied a relationship among the content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds with antioxidant properties (proline, soluble carbohydrates, flavonoids), the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and guaiacol peroxidase) in seedlings of winter wheat, rye and triticale, and frost resistance of etiolated seedlings and adult plants at tillering stage. It was found that there was a fairly close correlation between the frost resistance of seedlings and adult cereal plants (r = 0,78). It was shown that a pronounced relationship between individual indicators of antioxidant system functioning in unhardened seedlings and their frost resistance was not found. After 6-day hardening of seedlings at 2-4°C, there was a high correlation between the total indicator of the enzymatic antioxidant system (the sum of normalized indicators of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase activity) and their frost resistance (r = 0,86), but the correlation coefficient of this index with frost resistance of plants in tillering phase was significantly lower (r = 0,47). At the same time, a high correlation was found between the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings and frost resistance of tillering adult plants (r = 0.89). The closest correlation was observed between the integral normalized indicator, comprising the sum of normalized values of antioxidant enzymes activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors in hardened seedlings, and frost resistance of seedlings (r = 0,94) and plants in tillering phase (r = 0,89). A presence of specific features in the functioning of antioxidant system during cold adaptation of cereal seedlings was established. Rye is characterized by a high content of low-molecular-weight protective compounds; at the same time, increased activity of antioxidant enzymes - superoxide dismutase and catalase - was noted in wheat seedlings. In triticale, depending on the genotype, the values of both enzymatic antioxidant activity and the content of low-molecular-weight protectors varied.

Research on cadmium toxicity mechanism during maize germination

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 356
Author(s):  
HongBao XUE ◽  
Hui ZHANG ◽  
LiLi LIANG ◽  
YanNa JIAO ◽  
Hui LI
Keyword(s):  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Mechanism
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