P.0277 Mood state effects on fractional anisotropy in bipolar disorder

Abstract Background This study aimed to compile and synthesize studies investigating explicit emotion regulation in patients with bipolar disorder and individuals at risk of developing bipolar disorder. The importance of explicit emotion regulation arises from its potential role as a marker for bipolar disorders in individuals at risk and its potent role in therapy for bipolar disorder patients. Methods To obtain an exhaustive compilation of studies dealing specifically with explicit emotion regulation in bipolar disorder, we conducted a systematic literature search in four databases. In the 15 studies we included in our review, the emotion-regulation strategies maintenance, distraction, and reappraisal (self-focused and situation-focused) were investigated partly on a purely behavioral level and partly in conjunction with neural measures. The samples used in the identified studies included individuals at increased risk of bipolar disorder, patients with current affective episodes, and patients with euthymic mood state. Results In summary, the reviewed studies' results indicate impairments in explicit emotion regulation in individuals at risk for bipolar disorder, patients with manic and depressive episodes, and euthymic patients. These deficits manifest in subjective behavioral measures as well as in neural aberrations. Further, our review reveals a discrepancy between behavioral and neural findings regarding explicit emotion regulation in individuals at risk for bipolar disorders and euthymic patients. While these groups often do not differ significantly in behavioral measures from healthy and low-risk individuals, neural differences are mainly found in frontostriatal networks. Conclusion We conclude that these neural aberrations are a potentially sensitive measure of the probability of occurrence and recurrence of symptoms of bipolar disorders and that strengthening this frontostriatal route is a potentially protective measure for individuals at risk and patients who have bipolar disorders.

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Investigation of Endophenotype Potential of Decreased Fractional Anisotropy in Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Patients and Unrelated Offspring of Bipolar Disorder Patients

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852921000584 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-26

Author(s):

Mehmet A. Camkurt ◽

Tomas Melicher ◽

Benson Mwangi ◽

Mon-Ju Wu ◽

Bo Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Fractional Anisotropy ◽

Pediatric Bipolar Disorder

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Treating insomnia improves mood state, sleep, and functioning in bipolar disorder: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology ◽

10.1037/a0038655 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 564-577 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

Allison G. Harvey ◽

Adriane M. Soehner ◽

Kate A. Kaplan ◽

Kerrie Hein ◽

Jason Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Mood State ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

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Neurobiology of Mood-State Shifts in Bipolar Disorder

Harvard Review of Psychiatry ◽

10.1097/hrp.0000000000000004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 23-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Roscoe Brady ◽

Dost Öngür ◽

Matcheri Keshavan

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Mood State

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Longitudinal changes in brain activation during anticipation of monetary loss in bipolar disorder

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291718003847 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (16) ◽

pp. 2781-2788 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Manelis ◽

Richelle Stiffler ◽

Jeanette C. Lockovich ◽

Jorge R. C. Almeida ◽

Haris A. Aslam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Mood State ◽

Brain Activation ◽

Emotional Arousal ◽

Occipital Cortex ◽

Cortical Activation ◽

Future Research ◽

Longitudinal Changes ◽

The Right ◽

Cue Processing

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with bipolar disorder (BD) show aberrant brain activation patterns during reward and loss anticipation. We examined for the first time longitudinal changes in brain activation during win and loss anticipation to identify trait markers of aberrant anticipatory processing in BD.MethodsThirty-four euthymic and depressed individuals with BD-I and 17 healthy controls (HC) were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging twice 6 months apart during a reward task.ResultsHC, but not individuals with BD, showed longitudinal reductions in the right lateral occipital cortex (RLOC) activation during processing of cues predicting possible money loss (p-corrected <0.05). This result was not affected by psychotropic medication, mood state or the changes in depression/mania severity between the two scans in BD. Elevated symptoms of subthreshold hypo/mania at baseline predicted more aberrant longitudinal patterns of RLOC activation explaining 12.5% of variance in individuals with BD.ConclusionsIncreased activation in occipital cortex during negative outcome anticipation may be related to elevated negative emotional arousal during anticipatory cue processing. One interpretation is that, unlike HC, individuals with BD were not able to learn at baseline that monetary losses were smaller than monetary gains and were not able to reduce emotional arousal for negative cues 6 months later. Future research in BD should examine how modulating occipital cortical activation affects learning from experience in individuals with BD.

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The course of bipolar disorder in pregnant versus non-pregnant women

International Journal of Bipolar Disorders ◽

10.1186/s40345-021-00239-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anja W. M. M. Stevens ◽

Stasja Draisma ◽

Peter J. J. Goossens ◽

Birit F. P. Broekman ◽

Adriaan Honig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Mood State ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Mood Symptoms ◽

Severity Scores ◽

And Cluster Analysis ◽

Course Variables

Abstract Background and rationale Although it has been suggested that pregnancy may influence the course of bipolar disorder (BD), studies show contradictory results. Until now, no studies included a finegrained validated method to report mood symptoms on a daily basis, such as the lifechart method (LCM). The aim of the present study is to investigate the course of BD during pregnancy by comparing LCM scores of pregnant and non-pregnant women. Methods Study design: Comparison of LCM scores of two prospective observational BD cohort studies, a cohort of pregnant women (n = 34) and a cohort of non-pregnant women of childbearing age (n = 52). Main study parameters are: (1) proportions of symptomatic and non-symptomatic days; (2) symptom severity, frequency, and duration of episodes; (3) state sequences, longitudinal variation of symptom severity scores. Results No differences in clinical course variables (symptomatic days, average severity scores, frequency, and duration of episodes in BD were found between pregnant and non-pregnant women. With a combination of State Sequence Analysis (SSA) and cluster analysis on the sequences of daily mood scores three comparable clusters were found in both samples: euthymic, moderately ill and severely ill. The distribution differences between pregnant and non-pregnant women were significant, with a majority of the pregnant women (68%) belonging to the moderately ill cluster and a majority of the non-pregnant women (46%) to the euthymic cluster. In pregnant women the average daily variation in mood symptoms as assessed with Shannon’s entropy was less than in non-pregnant women (respectively 0.43 versus 0.56). Conclusions Although the use of daily mood scores revealed no difference in overall course of BD in pregnant versus non-pregnant women, more pregnant than non-pregnant women belonged to the moderately ill cluster, and during pregnancy the variation in mood state was less than in non-pregnant women. Further research is necessary to clarify these findings.

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Stress and Bipolar Disorder

Stress and Mental Disorders: Insights from Animal Models ◽

10.1093/med-psych/9780190697266.003.0010 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 297-328

Author(s):

Richard McCarty

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Animal Models ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Clock Genes ◽

Mood State ◽

Mouse Strains ◽

Transporter Protein ◽

Circadian Clock Genes ◽

Dopamine Signaling ◽

And Behavior

Animal models of bipolar disorder (BD) should capture the switching of mood states from mania to depression and vice versa. Dopamine signaling pathways in brain, including variations in the dopamine transporter protein, have been a focus of many animal models of BD. Another aspect of BD in humans is reflected in circadian and seasonal changes in onset of symptoms. Other animal models of BD include the Myshkin and Madison mouse strains, both of which display mania-like behavior that is reversed by treatment with lithium or valproic acid. Another experimental approach has been to manipulate circadian clock genes and examine effects on dopamine signaling and behavior. Finally, manipulations of risk genes for BD in laboratory mice have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in extreme alterations in mood state.

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Mood State Differences in Intrinsic Connectivity Distribution of Adolescents and Young Adults With Bipolar Disorder

Biological Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.02.1063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 87 (9) ◽

pp. S416-S417

Author(s):

Danielle Goldman ◽

Anjali Sankar ◽

Lejla Colic ◽

Linda Spencer ◽

Cheryl Lacadie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Young Adults ◽

Mood State ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Intrinsic Connectivity ◽

Connectivity Distribution

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Meta-analysis of Theory of Mind (ToM) impairment in bipolar disorder

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291715001993 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 253-264 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

E. Bora ◽

C. Bartholomeusz ◽

C. Pantelis

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Theory Of Mind ◽

Mood State ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Interpersonal Problems ◽

Developmental Trajectory ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Manic Symptoms ◽

Different Types ◽

The Relationship

BackgroundTheory of mind (ToM) dysfunction is prominent in a number of psychiatric disorders, in particular, autism and schizophrenia, and can play a significant role in poor functioning. There is now emerging evidence suggesting that ToM abilities are also impaired in bipolar disorder (BP); however, the relationship between ToM deficits and mood state is not clear.MethodWe conducted a meta-analysis of ToM studies in BP. Thirty-four studies comparing 1214 patients with BP and 1097 healthy controls were included. BP groups included remitted (18 samples, 545 BP patients), subsyndromal (12 samples, 510 BP patients), and acute (manic and/or depressed) (10 samples, 159 BP patients) patients.ResultsToM performance was significantly impaired in BP compared to controls. This impairment was evident across different types of ToM tasks (including affective/cognitive and verbal/visual) and was also evident in strictly euthymic patients with BP (d = 0.50). There were no significant differences between remitted and subsyndromal samples. However, ToM deficit was significantly more severe during acute episodes (d = 1.23). ToM impairment was significantly associated with neurocognitive and particularly with manic symptoms.ConclusionSignificant but modest sized ToM dysfunction is evident in remitted and subsyndromal BP. Acute episodes are associated with more robust ToM deficits. Exacerbation of ToM deficits may contribute to the more significant interpersonal problems observed in patients with acute or subsyndromal manic symptoms. There is a need for longitudinal studies comparing the developmental trajectory of ToM deficits across the course of the illness.

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Resting-state functional connectivity of emotion regulation networks in euthymic and non-euthymic bipolar disorder patients

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.12.005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 ◽

pp. 56-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

G. Rey ◽

C Piguet ◽

A Benders ◽

S Favre ◽

SB Eickhoff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Resting State ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Mood State ◽

A Priori ◽

Emotion Processing ◽

Population Sample ◽

Small Population ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity

AbstractBackgroundPrevious functional magnetic resonance imaging studies in bipolar disorder (BD) have evidenced changes in functional connectivity (FC) in brain areas associated with emotion processing, but how these changes vary with mood state and specific clinical symptoms is not fully understood.MethodsWe investigated resting-state FC between a priori regions of interest (ROIs) from the default-mode network and key structures for emotion processing and regulation in 27 BD patients and 27 matched healthy controls. We further compared connectivity patterns in subgroups of 15 euthymic and 12 non-euthymic patients and tested for correlations of the connectivity strength with measures of mood, anxiety, and rumination tendency. No correction for multiple comparisons was applied given the small population sample and pre-defined target ROIs.ResultsOverall, regardless of mood state, BD patients exhibited increased FC of the left amygdala with left sgACC and PCC, relative to controls. In addition, non-euthymic BD patients showed distinctive decrease in FC between right amygdala and sgACC, whereas euthymic patients showed lower FC between PCC and sgACC. Euthymic patients also displayed increased FC between sgACC and right VLPFC. The sgACC–PCC and sgACC–left amygdala connections were modulated by rumination tendency in non-euthymic patients, whereas the sgACC-VLPFC connection was modulated by both the current mood and tendency to ruminate.ConclusionsOur results suggest that sgACC-amygdala coupling is critically affected during mood episodes, and that FC of sgACC play a pivotal role in mood normalization through its interactions with the VLPFC and PCC. However, these preliminary findings require replication with larger samples of patients.

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