Peculiarities of Depressive Disorders in Emigrants and Re-Emigrants

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S491-S491
Author(s):  
N.O. Maruta ◽  
O.P. Venger ◽  
T.V. Panko ◽  
I.O. Yavdak
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Examination Method ◽  
Personality Changes ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Depressive Syndromes ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

IntroductionEmigration and remigration are one of the greatest modern problems and considered as a factor provoking manifestation and exacerbation of mental disorders as well as pathocharacterological personality changes. In emigrants and re-emigrants peculiarities of course of depressive disorders with different genesis are not investigated, that impedes a development of adequate therapeutic methods.AimTo study clinical-psychopathological peculiarities of depressive disorders in emigrants and re-emigrants patients with psychogenic (F43.21, F43.22) (69 non-emigrants, 68 emigrants, 67 re-emigrants), endogenous (F31.3, F31.4, F32.1, F32.2, F33.1, F33.2) (65, 66 and 63 patients, respectively) and organic depressive disorders (F06.3) (64, 62 and 61 patients, respectively) were examined.MethodsA clinical-psychopathological investigation, Standardized Personality Examination Method, Lusher's Method of Color Choices, HDRS, HARS, MADRS, and SCL-90-R.ResultsThe highest level of severity of depressive disorders in re-emigrants and the lowest level in non-emigrants were registered. Re-emigrants had predominantly depressive, asthenic-depressive and apathic-depressive forms, whereas emigrants had mainly anxious-depressive ones. According to SCL-90-R data, emigrants had higher indexes of somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorders, anxiety, whereas re-emigrants had higher indexes of depression and interpersonal sensitivity as well as an index of distress expression. In patients examined it was determined a predomination of dysthymic personality traits manifested in the frameworks of the leading depressive of anxious-depressive syndromes. An influence of emigration and remigration factors was the greatest in psychogenic depressions and the lowest in organic depressive disorders.ConclusionsThe abovementioned regularities should be taken into account in pharmacotherapy and a social-psychological support for such patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Pharmacological treatment strategies in mood, panic and obsessive compulsive disorders

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
W.M.A. Verhoeven ◽  
S. Tuinier ◽  
J.B.G.M. Noten
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Isozyme System

SummarySince the introduction of the monoamine oxydase inhibitors and the first tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) imipramine in the late fifties, the treatment of depressive disorders has been changed dramatically. Althought a great variety of antidepressants such as TCA's, selective serotoninte-re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI's) mianserin, trazodone, mirtazapine, moclobemide and venlafaxine has become available, the exact mode of action is not revealed as yet, and classification should be done according to the interference of antidepressants with central monoaminergic processes.As to the potential of causing interactions, special attention has to be given to the SSRI's because of their interference with the CYP450 isozyme system. Therapeutic monotoring is recommended for the TCA's. The choiseforan antidepressant should be based on various factors like symptomatology and severity of the depression, potential interactions and somatic and/or psychiatric comorbidity.Extensive clinical research has demonstrated that TCA's are the most effective for major depression with melancholia (vital depression) and depressive disorders in the elderly.

scholarly journals A “GENERAL THEORY OF MENTAL SUFFERING”, AND THE ROLE OF AN INNOVATIVE NARRATIVE THERAPEUTIC APPROACH

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-307
Author(s):  
Derek Botha
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Psychedelic Drug ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

This article proposes alternative understandings of certain structuralist informed (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - DSM-IIIrd to 5th Eds.) configurations of mental disorders. Life’s negative discourses and the mind’s captive responses present a “general theory of mental suffering” which phenomena are classified as modernist, DSM mental disorders, such as addictions, depression, and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Recent research has indicated that the psychedelic drug, psilocybin, has produced safe and effective outcomes for these mental suffering states. In this context, the article draws on the concept of brain plasticity order, firstly, to identify the means for a person to move away from subjection of life’s negative, dominant discourses that “capture” the brain, and then to intentionally move towards more acceptable, preferred, ethical subjectivities. These explanations, using the phenomenon of depression, provide the foundation for further proposals that an innovative form of narrative therapy could be a safe, effective and meaningful approach for persons in relationship with other similar ways of mental suffering, such as, anxiety, addiction, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anorexia nervosa.

Psychopathological aspects of appearance dissatisfaction in aesthetic medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S316-S316
Author(s):  
V. Medvedev ◽  
V. Frolova ◽  
V. Vissarionov
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Treatment Decision ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Aesthetic Medicine ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

IntroductionThe pathogenesis of dissatisfaction of the own appearance in patients without obvious abnormalities is still unexplored. The aim of the study was to investigate the structure of psychopathological disorders in patients without evident appearance abnormalities seeking for surgical or cosmetological correction.MethodsStudy sample has included 227 women (average age: 35.8 ± 4.9 years) and 54 men (average age: 30.9 ± 5.7 years)–patients of plastic surgery and cosmetology clinic. The study used clinical psychopathological and follow-up methods of examination.ResultsWe have found the heterogeneous spectrum of mental disorders in this group of patients: overvalued dysmorphophobia was diagnosed in 26%, anxiety-phobic disorders–23.1%, obsessive-compulsive disorders–in 11%, depression–in 32%, delusional disorders–in 7.5% of patients.ConclusionsThe results of our study show that the phenomenon of dissatisfaction with the appearance without obvious cosmetic defects manifests in the course of wide spectrum of mental disorders. The follow-up shows no improvement and even worsening of patients’ mental state after cosmetological or surgical treatment. Decision about possibility and extent of the operation should be based on the analysis of patient's mental state and motive for reference to aesthetic medicine specialist.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Pathological gambling and comorbidities

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 92-92
Author(s):  
H. Poppe ◽  
B. Dillinger ◽  
S. Lentner
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Substance Dependence ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

Pathological gambling accumulates frequently in connection with other diseases. This is documented both by studies and clinical observations, whereby no causalities can be derived, which underlying disease led to further diseases. Nevertheless different studies show similar results that pathological gambling arises increased in connection with substance dependence, depressive disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders and also personality disorders. These results stated in the literature also reflect the clinical observations of the Anton Proksch Institute.In the following presentation we will try to figure out the results of inpatients with the diagnosis pathological gambling, that were treated in the Anton Proksch Institute in the years 2008, 2009 and 2010. We find a range of comorbititys longing from substance abuse to personality disorders.

scholarly journals PSYCHOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH HYPOCHONDRIAC AND OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDERS DUE TO PERINATAL CEREBROVASCULAR LESIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Serhiy Boltivets ◽  
Yuliya Chelyadyn ◽  
Tymur Gonchar ◽  
Lyudmila Uralova ◽  
Olexiy Gonchar
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cerebrovascular Lesions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Techniques ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

Perinatal cerebrovascular lesions represent one of the important causes of the onset of mental disorders. The research addresses specific psychic pathologies of this type such as hypochondriac and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The main focus of the research is the psychotherapy for that contingent of patients. Tests and statistical trials were conducted for groups composed of persons suffering from the said disorders. Based on the results of data analysis the research reviews specific recommendations for using psychotherapeutic techniques considering their influence on clinical manifestations of hypochondria and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Keywords: perinatal cerebrovascular lesions, obsessive-compulsive disorder, psychotherapy.

Dysregulation of DNA methylation during development as a potential mechanisms contributing to obsessive compulsive disorders and autism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
German I. Todorov ◽  
Karthikeyan Mayilvahanan ◽  
David Ashurov ◽  
Catarina Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Treatment Priority ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Knock Out Mice ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder, that is raising at a concerning rate. However, underlying mechanisms are still to be discovered. Obsessions and compulsions are the most debilitating aspect of these disorders (OCD), and they are the treatment priority for patients. SAPAP3 knock out mice present a reliable mouse model for repetitive compulsive behavior and are mechanistically closely related to the ASD mouse model Shank3 on a molecular level and AMPA receptor net effect. The phenotype of SAPAP3 knock out mice is obsessive grooming that leads to self-inflicted lesions by 4 months of age. Recent studies have accumulated evidence, that epigenetic mechanisms are important effectors in psychiatric conditions such as ASD and OCD. Methylation is the most studied mechanism, that recently lead to drug developments for more precise cancer treatments. We injected SAPAP3 mice with an epigenetic demethylation drug RG108 during pregnancy and delayed the onset of the phenotype in the offspring by 4 months. This result gives us clues about possible mechanism involved in OCD and ASD. Additionally, it shows that modulation of methylation mechanisms during development might be explored as a preventative treatment in the cases of high inherited risk of certain mental health conditions.

The Use of Quetiapine for Comorbid Bipolar and Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
María Yoldi-Negrete ◽  
Mónica Flores-Ramos ◽  
Alejandra Montserrat Rodríguez-Ramírez ◽  
Carvajal-Lohr Armando ◽  
Jorge Ávila-Solorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders
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