A comprehensive systematic screening protocol for assessment of medical comorbidities in schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S574-S574
Author(s):  
P. Bucci ◽  
E. Durante Mangoni ◽  
P.C. Pafundi ◽  
S. De Simone ◽  
U. Malgeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Systematic Screening ◽  
Medical Comorbidities ◽  
Brief Training ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionDifficult access and low quality of health care are recognized as factors that may account for the excess deaths widely reported in patients with schizophrenia. As a matter of fact, psychiatrists not always possess adequate competences in the assessment of physical health, while non-psychiatric physicians receive little training in psychiatry and are not prepared to take care of subjects with severe mental illnesses.ObjectivesWe present a comprehensive and systematic algorithm for screening medical comorbidities, conceived to be easy to use for psychiatrists, after a brief training.AimsThe study is aimed to implement an instrument for proper detection and management of physical illnesses in people with schizophrenia.MethodsThe screening protocol, developed by internal medicine specialists, was applied to 15 subjects in two independent assessments, one performed by trainees in psychiatry, after a brief training, and one carried out by one specialist and two trainees in internal medicine. The analysis of the inter-rater reliability was carried out by calculating the Cohen's kappa coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient as appropriate.ResultsThe agreement among raters resulted excellent for 61% of items, good for 17%, moderate for 18% and scarce for 4%. The few items showing scarce inter-rater reliability were excluded. The final algorithm is being tested for feasibility in psychiatric settings.ConclusionsThe proposed screening protocol resulted in a suitable tool, showing moderate to excellent inter-rater reliability, that can be used in clinical practice by psychiatrists after a brief training.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Reliability of the Brazilian version of the Camberwell Assessment of Needs (CAN) in first-episode psychosis cases in São Paulo, Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Belizia Schlithler ◽  
Marcia Scazufca ◽  
Geraldo Busatto ◽  
Letícia Maria Silva Coutinho ◽  
Paulo Rossi Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
First Episode ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Individualized Care ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Episode Psychosis

OBJECTIVE: To translate and adapt the Brazilian version of the Camberwell Assessment of Needs schedule for research, and to assess its inter-rater reliability in a sample of first-episode psychosis cases in São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD: A sub-sample of participants included in a study of first-episode psychosis in São Paulo was assessed utilizing the 22 domains of the Brazilian version of the Camberwell Assessment of Needs. The Camberwell Assessment of Needs was applied, tape-recorded and rated by research assistants. An independent rater gave scores to the same participants, based on the recorded interviews. The kappa coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient were used to assess inter-rater reliability. RESULTS: Fifty-two subjects were included. For seven domains the inter-rater reliability was almost perfect to total (range: 0.81 to 1.0). The domains with the lowest agreement were transport and benefits. The inter-rater reliability for the total number of needs was excellent (ICC = 0.95). CONCLUSIONS: The inter-rater reliability of the Camberwell Assessment of Needs was similar to what has been found in previous studies. The Camberwell Assessment of Needs showed to be easy to use and reliable with first-episode psychosis individuals. The use of standardized instruments to assess needs of care in Brazil will contribute to the assessment of the effectiveness of treatment and to the planning of individualized care for individuals with mental illnesses.

The use of Polygenic Risk Scores to Inform Aetiology of Mood and Psychotic Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S166-S166
Author(s):  
J. Harrison ◽  
S. Mistry
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Genetic Overlap ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionPolygenic risk scores (PRS) incorporate many small genetic markers that are associated with conditions. This technique was first used to investigate mental illnesses in 2009. Since then, it has been widely used.ObjectivesWe wanted to explore how PRS have been used to the study the aetiology of psychosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression.AimsWe aimed to conduct a systematic review, identifying studies that have examined associations between PRS for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia/psychosis and depression and psychopathology-related outcome measures.MethodsWe searched EMBASE, Medline and PsychInfo from 06/08/2009 to 14/03/2016. We hand-searched the reference lists of related papers.ResultsAfter removing duplicates, the search yielded 1043 publications. When irrelevant articles were excluded, 33 articles remained. We found 24 studies using schizophrenia PRS, three using bipolar PRS and nine using depression PRS. Many studies successfully used PRS to predict case/control status. Some studies showed associations between PRS and diagnostic sub-categories. A range of clinical phenotypes and symptoms has been explored. For example, specific PRS are associated with cognitive performance in schizophrenia, psychotic symptoms in bipolar disorder, and frequency of episodes of depression. PRS have also demonstrated genetic overlap between mental illnesses. It was difficult to assess the quality of some studies as not all reported sufficient methodological detail.ConclusionsPRS have enabled us to explore the polygenic architecture of mental illness and demonstrate a genetic basis for some observed features. However, they have yet to give insights into the biology, which underpin mental illnesses.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals eAssessment: development of an electronic version of the Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing tool to streamline evaluation of video recorded debriefings

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1284-1291
Author(s):  
John B Zamjahn ◽  
Raquel Baroni de Carvalho ◽  
Megan H Bronson ◽  
Deborah D Garbee ◽  
John T Paige
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Electronic Version ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Qualitative Feedback ◽  
Epidemiology Data

Abstract Objective The Objective Structured Assessment of Debriefing (OSAD) is an evidence-based, 8-item tool that uses a behaviorally anchored rating scale in paper-based form to evaluate the quality of debriefing in medical education. The objective of this project was twofold: 1) to create an easy-to-use electronic format of the OSAD (eOSAD) in order to streamline data entry; and 2) to pilot its use on videoed debriefings. Materials and Methods The eOSAD was developed in collaboration with the LSU Health New Orleans Epidemiology Data Center using SurveyGizmo (Widgix Software, LLC, Boulder, CO, USA) software. The eOSAD was then piloted by 2 trained evaluators who rated 37 videos of faculty teams conducting pre-briefing and debriefing after a high-fidelity trauma simulation. Inter-rater reliability was assessed, and evaluators’ qualitative feedback was obtained. Results Inter-rater reliability was good [prebrief, intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.955 (95% CI, 0.912–0.977), P < .001; debrief, ICC = 0.853 (95% CI, 0.713–0.924), P < .001]. Qualitative feedback from evaluators found that the eOSAD was easy to complete, simple to read and add comments, and reliably stored data that were readily retrievable, enabling the smooth dissemination of information collected. Discussion The eOSAD features a secure login, sharable internet access link for distant evaluators, and the immediate exporting of data into a secure database for future analysis. It provided convenience for end-users, produced reliable assessments among independent evaluators, and eliminated multiple sources of possible data corruption. Conclusion The eOSAD tool format advances the post debriefing evaluation of videoed inter-professional team training in high-fidelity simulation.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Imaging Evaluation of Textural Features in Athletes with Soleus Pathology—A Novel Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca De-la-Cruz-Torres ◽  
Emmanuel Navarro-Flores ◽  
Daniel López-López ◽  
Carlos Romero-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Group A

Background: the aim of this study was to compare the echotexture of patients with soleus muscle injury and age matched controls. Methods: a sample of 62 athletes was recruited at the private clinic and was divided in two group: a healthy group (n = 31) and a soleus pathology group whose athletes had soleus muscle injury, located in the central tendon (n = 31). The muscle thickness (MTh), echointensity (EI) and echovariation (EV) were analyzed. An intra-rater reliability test (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient-ICC) was performed in order to analyze the reliability of the values of the measurements. Results: Sociodemographic variables did not show statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Ultrasound imaging measurements who reported statistically significant differences were EI (p = 0.001) and standard deviation (SD) (p = 0.001). MTh and EV variables did not show statistically significant differences (p = 0.381 and p = 0.364, respectively). Moreover, reliability values for the MTh (ICC = 0.911), EI (ICC = 0.982), SD (ICC = 0.955) and EV (ICC = 0.963). Based on these results the intra-rater reliability was considered excellent. Conclusion: Athletes with a central tendon injury of soleus muscle showed a lower EI when they were compared to healthy athletes. The echogenicity showed by the quantitative ultrasound imaging measurement may be a more objective parameter for the diagnosis and follow-up the soleus muscle injuries.

Enhancing Wellbeing for Older Adults With Serious Mental Illnesses: Co-Producing a Positive Psychology Course With Certified Older Adult Peer Specialists

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973232199204
Author(s):  
Lydia P. Ogden
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Peer Specialists ◽  
Psychology Course ◽  
Serious Mental Illnesses

Compared to peers in the general population, persons aging with serious mental illnesses (SMIs) face physical health disparities, increased isolation, and decreased subjective experiences of quality of life and wellbeing. To date, limited intervention research focuses on addressing specific needs of persons aging with SMIs and no interventions targeted for that population are informed by the theory and science of positive psychology. With the aim of co-producing a positive-psychology-based program to enhance wellbeing for older adults with SMIs, the author held a series of focus groups and individual interviews with six certified older adult peer specialists. Analysis of the data developed in-depth insights into helpful processes, values, and priorities of individuals aging with SMIs, as well as the creation of a wellbeing-enhancing course curriculum.

scholarly journals Intra-Rater (Live vs. Video Assessment) and Inter-Rater (Expert vs. Novice) Reliability of the Test of Gross Motor Development—Third Edition

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1652
Author(s):  
Aida Carballo-Fazanes ◽  
Ezequiel Rey ◽  
Nadia C. Valentini ◽  
José E. Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Cristina Varela-Casal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Slow Motion ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Video Assessment ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Ball Skills

The Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD) is one of the most common tools for assessing the fundamental movement skills (FMS) in children between 3 and 10 years. This study aimed to examine the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the TGMD—3rd Edition (TGMD-3) between expert and novice raters using live and video assessment. Five raters [2 experts and 3 novices (one of them BSc in Physical Education and Sport Science)] assessed and scored the performance of the TGMD-3 of 25 healthy children [Female: 60%; mean (standard deviation) age 9.16 (1.31)]. Schoolchildren were attending at one public elementary school during the academic year 2019–2020 from Santiago de Compostela (Spain). Raters scored each children performance through two viewing moods (live and slow-motion). The ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient) was used to determine the agreement between raters. Our results showed moderate-to-excellent intra-rater reliability for overall score and locomotor and ball skills subscales; moderate-to-good inter-rater reliability for overall and ball skills; and poor-to-good for locomotor subscale. Higher intra-rater reliability was achieved by the expert raters and novice rater with physical education background compared to novice raters. However, the inter-rater reliability was more variable in all the raters regardless of their experience or background. No significant differences in reliability were found when comparing live and video assessments. For clinical practice, it would be recommended that raters reach an agreement before the assessment to avoid subjective interpretations that might distort the results.

Arthroscopic International Cartilage Repair Society Classification System Has Only Moderate Reliability in a Porcine Cartilage Repair Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652199800
Author(s):  
Jani Puhakka ◽  
Teemu Paatela ◽  
Eve Salonius ◽  
Virpi Muhonen ◽  
Anna Meller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Intrarater Reliability ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
International Cartilage Repair Society ◽  
Made In

Background: The International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) score was designed for arthroscopic use to evaluate the quality of cartilage repair. Purpose: To evaluate the reliability of the ICRS scoring system using an animal cartilage repair model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A chondral defect with an area of 1.5 cm2 was made in the medial femoral condyle of 18 domestic pigs. Five weeks later, 9 pigs were treated using a novel recombinant human type III collagen/polylactide scaffold, and 9 were left to heal spontaneously. After 4 months, the pigs were sacrificed, then 3 arthroscopic surgeons evaluated the medial femoral condyles via video-recorded simulated arthroscopy using the ICRS scoring system. The surgeons repeated the evaluation twice within a 9-month period using their recorded arthroscopy. Results: The porcine cartilage repair model produced cartilage repair tissue of poor to good quality. The mean ICRS total scores for all observations were 6.6 (SD, 2.6) in arthroscopy, 5.9 (SD, 2.7) in the first reevaluation, and 6.2 (SD, 2.8) in the second reevaluation. The interrater reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the ICRS total scores (ICC, 0.46-0.60) and for each individual subscore (ICC, 0.26-0.71) showed poor to moderate reliability. The intrarater reliability with the ICC also showed poor to moderate reliability for ICRS total scores (ICC, 0.52-0.59) and for each individual subscore (ICC, 0.29-0.58). A modified Bland-Altman plot for the initial arthroscopy and for the 2 reevaluations showed an evident disagreement among the observers. Conclusion: In an animal cartilage repair model, the ICRS scoring system seems to have poor to moderate reliability. Clinical Relevance: Arthroscopic assessment of cartilage repair using the ICRS scoring method has limited reliability. We need more objective methods with acceptable reliability to evaluate cartilage repair outcomes.

scholarly journals A preliminary psychometric evaluation of Music in Dementia Assessment Scales (MiDAS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orii McDermott ◽  
Vasiliki Orgeta ◽  
Hanne Mette Ridder ◽  
Martin Orrell
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Assessment Scales

ABSTRACTBackground:Music in Dementia Assessment Scales (MiDAS), an observational outcome measure for music therapy with people with moderate to severe dementia, was developed from qualitative data of focus groups and interviews. Expert and peer consultations were conducted at each stage of the scale development to maximize its content validity. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of MiDAS.Methods:Care home residents with dementia attended weekly group music therapy for up to ten sessions. Music therapists and care home staff were requested to complete weekly MiDAS ratings. The Quality of Life Scale (QoL-AD) was completed at three time-points.Results:A total of 629 (staff = 306, therapist = 323) MiDAS forms were completed. The statistical analysis revealed that MiDAS has high therapist inter-rater reliability, low staff inter-rater reliability, adequate staff test-retest reliability, adequate concurrent validity, and good construct validity. High factor loadings between the five MiDAS Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) items, levels of Interest, Response, Initiation, Involvement, and Enjoyment, were found.Conclusions:This study indicates that MiDAS has good psychometric properties despite the small sample size. Future research with a larger sample size could provide a more in-depth psychometric evaluation, including further exploration of the underlying factors. MiDAS provides a measure of engagement with musical experience and offers insight into who is likely to benefit on other outcomes such as quality of life or reduction in psychiatric symptoms.

Aripiprazole once-monthly efficacy in patients with schizophrenia. Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S582-S582
Author(s):  
M.F. Molina López ◽  
M.C. Cancino Botello ◽  
A. Peña Serrano ◽  
M.D.L.A. Canseco Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Emotional Interaction ◽  
Medication Delivery ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Long Acting

Introductionlong acting injectable formulations of antipsychotics are a valuable option for patients with schizophrenia, offering continuous medication delivery and stable dosage levels. Aripiprazole once-monthly is the first dopamine partial agonist available in long acting formulation approved in Europe for Schizophrenia with excellent results so far.Aimsto conduct a current review of articles related to the use and efficacy of Aripiprazole once monthly in patients with Schizophrenia.Methodssystematic review of the literature in English using the following keywords: “aripiprazole once-monthly”, “aripiprazole long acting formulation”, “schizophrenia”. PubMed database.ResultsAripiprazole once-monthly (AOM) formulation efficacy has been proven in many studies. The importance of maintaining an oral overlap during 14 days is highlighted in all studies that have been reviewed in order to reach therapeutic level; therefore, it can be used in patients with acute decompensations. Recent studies comparing AOM versus Paliperidone Palmitate once monthly (PP) have shown that patients with AOM had greater clinical improvement and, even though both drugs were well tolerated, when Quality of Life Style Scale was analyzed an important improvement in empathy, sense of purpose, emotional interaction and curiosity in the AOM group was observed.Conclusionslong acting injectable antipsychotics increase long-term adherence treatment and reduce risk of relapse. Because of its unique mechanism of action, Aripiprazole once-monthly improves positive and negative symptoms, giving the patient an opportunity to have a better quality of life.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document