scholarly journals Cognitive fusion: Maladaptive emotion regulation endangering body image appreciation and related eating behaviours

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S556-S557 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marta-Simões ◽  
C. Ferreira ◽  
A.L. Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cognitive Fusion ◽  
Positive Body Image

Body image-related cognitive fusion is described as the perception that undesired and distressing internal events related to body image are reliable representations of reality. This maladaptive emotion regulation process is known for its impact on human suffering, namely eating psychopathology. On the contrary, body appreciation is a positive body image construct, defined as an attitude of acceptance and affection toward one's body image characteristics, despite some level of dissatisfaction. Although body appreciation associates negatively with several pathogenic processes, its relationship with body image-related cognitive fusion is still unexplored. The present study intended to analyse the power of body image related cognitive fusion regarding its impact on body appreciation, and also on the engagement in disordered eating. The study's sample comprised 308 women, aged between 18 and 35. A path model tested the mediator role of body image related cognitive fusion in the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and body appreciation, and eating disorders symptomatology, controlled for the effect of body mass index.The tested model accounted for 67% of the variance of disordered eating. Body image related cognitive fusion appeared as a significant mediator of the association between body dissatisfaction and body appreciation. Body appreciation presented a significant direct effect on eating disorders symptomatology. These findings highlight the disturbing effect of cognitive fusion related to body image on the construction of a positive body image, presenting an impact on the engagement in disordered eating. In this line, cognitive fusion may be a pertinent target in clinical practice and also within eating disorders prevention.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Examining Body Appreciation and Disordered Eating In Adolescents of Different Sports Practice: Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4044
Author(s):  
Rasa Jankauskiene ◽  
Migle Baceviciene ◽  
Laima Trinkuniene
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Competitive Sports ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional

This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the associations between body appreciation, body functionality and disordered eating in a large adolescent sample of different levels and types of sports practice. Method: The sample consisted of 1412 adolescents (59.8% were girls). The ages ranged from 15 to 18 years old, with a mean age of 16.9 (SD = 0.5) for girls and 17.0 (SD = 0.4) for boys. Participants completed an anonymous questionnaire assessing the nature of sports participation, body appreciation, body functionality, self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, internalisation of sociocultural beauty ideals and disordered eating. A two-way ANOVA was employed to test the differences in body image concerns, body appreciation, perceived physical fitness and disordered eating behaviours in gender groups and groups of different sport types and levels. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to predict disordered eating behaviours of different study variables. Results: Participants of leisure and competitive sports reported greater body appreciation, self-esteem and lower body dissatisfaction compared to non-participants. No differences in body appreciation and disordered eating were observed in adolescents involved in weight-sensitive and less weight-sensitive sports. Body appreciation and body functionality were associated with lower disordered eating in adolescent girls not participating in sports, leisure exercisers and participants of competitive sport as well as in boys participating in competitive sports, controlling for body mass index. Adolescent boys demonstrated greater body appreciation compared to girls. Conclusions: The results of this study support the knowledge of the protective role of positive body image preventing dysfunctional eating in adolescent girls of various sports practice and in competitive sports involved boys. Disordered eating prevention and clinical treatment programs for adolescents of different physical activity might benefit from including education about body appreciation and functionality.

Compassion-Based Interventions to Facilitate Positive Body Image and Embodiment

2019 ◽  
pp. 265-276
Author(s):  
Allison C. Kelly ◽  
Kathryn E. Miller ◽  
Kiruthiha Vimalakanthan ◽  
Jessica R. Dupasquier ◽  
Sydney Waring
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Positive Body Image ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Compassion Focused Therapy ◽  
Mixed Gender ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity ◽  
Improve Health

A growing number of interventions for body image and eating disorders now seek to build individuals’ capacities for self-compassion and other-compassion. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) helps self-critical individuals to relate to themselves and others from a more compassionate mindset and to grow more comfortable receiving compassion from others. Though more empirical research is needed, preliminary studies revealed that in women with eating disorders, body image preoccupation, or the presence of overweight or obesity, CFT-based interventions can reduce eating pathology, decrease shame, improve body image, increase capacities for self-compassion and other-compassion, and improve health. In addition, mindfulness meditations that focus on the cultivation of self-compassion and other-compassion have been found to improve body image-related experiences, including body appreciation. It will be important to extend the extant research by conducting larger scale studies of compassion-based interventions in mixed-gender samples with a greater focus on assessing positive body image outcomes.

Mindfulness Training to Facilitate Positive Body Image and Embodiment

2019 ◽  
pp. 312-324
Author(s):  
Melissa J. Atkinson ◽  
Tracey D. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Intuitive Eating ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Positive Body Image ◽  
Intervention Content ◽  
Negative Impacts

Mindfulness—the nonjudgmental awareness and acceptance of present moment experience—is cultivated through formal and informal experiential exercises and has received support as an effective intervention approach across multiple disorders. The efficacy of mindfulness for body image and disordered eating is less well researched. This chapter outlines a theoretical framework for the application of mindfulness in this context, provides examples of intervention content, and reviews existing evidence related to the use of mindfulness training to enhance body image and prevent eating disorders in both clinical and nonclinical samples. Overall, research indicates mindfulness is a worthwhile approach but should be carefully considered among those with clinical eating disorders due to the potential for negative impacts. Further research using rigorous methodology is required to establish stronger and broader support for intervention effects and to explore mindfulness with regard to additional aspects of positive body image, embodiment, and intuitive eating.

Emotion-Focused Therapy to Facilitate Positive Body Image and Embodiment

2019 ◽  
pp. 277-287
Author(s):  
Iryna Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Body Shame ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Emotion Focused Therapy ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Positive Body Image

This chapter describes the application of emotion-focused therapy (EFT) in enhancing embodiment and positive body image in individuals with eating disorders and body dissatisfaction. It provides an overview of emotion regulation and dysregulation and highlights possible links between emotion regulation deficits, negative body image, and disordered eating. It reviews the application of EFT in the treatment of emotion dysregulation and describes EFT interventions that help enhance positive embodiment and positive body image. The chapter also reviews outcome research on the application of EFT in healing bodily and emotional disruptions in adults and adolescents through individual and group psychotherapy. The chapter concludes with suggestions for future directions to advance the application of EFT to transform body shame into more attuned and empowering ways to inhabit the body.

Disordered eating behaviours, body image and social networking in a type 1 diabetes population

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531988826
Author(s):  
Irini L Verbist ◽  
Laura Condon
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Convenience Sample

The purpose of this study was twofold: to examine predictors of disordered eating behaviours and body image dissatisfaction, including social networking, among type 1 diabetes population, and to qualitatively explore the relationship between type 1 diabetes management and body image. A convenience sample of 121 type 1 diabetes patients ( F = 106; Mage = 36 ± 6.5) was collected via online questionnaires, of which 98 patients responded to two open-ended questions. Young age and negative body image explained 58.8 per cent of disordered eating variance, while body weight and social networking negatively contributed to poor body image (29.9%). Qualitative analysis revealed three themes: no control over body weight, limitation in clothing options and discomfort towards medical equipment.

scholarly journals Kindness toward One’s Self and Body: Exploring Mediational Pathways between Early Memories and Disordered Eating

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Ferreira ◽  
Sara Oliveira ◽  
Ana Laura Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Body Appreciation ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Eating Psychopathology ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Emotional Memories ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Impact

AbstractRecent literature has emphasized the role played by early emotional experiences on body image and eating-related psychopathology. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying the link between positive rearing experiences and eating psychopathology remain scarcely explored. Thus, this study aimed to explore a model in which it was hypothesized that early emotional experiences, characterized by warmth, safeness, and soothing, are negatively associated with disordered eating through higher levels of self-compassion and a more positive and caring relationship with one’s own body. The study’s sample comprised 490 women who completed an Internet based survey comprising self-report measures of interest. Path analysis’ results revealed that self-compassion and body appreciation fully mediated the impact of early positive emotional memories on eating psychopathology, when controlling the effect of age and Body Mass Index. The plausibility of the path model was examined by the Chi-Square and the several fit indicators which revealed a very good fit, accounting for 49% of eating psychopathology’s variance. Specifically, results demonstrated that 13% of self-compassion’s variance was explained by positive early emotional memories. Also, early positive memories showed both direct and indirect (via self-compassion) positive effects on body appreciation, accounting for 34% of its variance. Additionally, results revealed that positive early emotional experiences predicted lower levels of disordered eating, via higher levels of self-compassion and body appreciation. By emphasizing the importance role of self-compassion and body appreciation against body image and eating psychopathology, the current study may offer important insights for future research and for the development of intervention programs.

Sex Differences in Eating Disorders

2018 ◽  
pp. 245-259
Author(s):  
Jason M. Nagata ◽  
Neville H. Golden
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Medical Complications ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Males And Females

This article highlights sex differences in epidemiology, clinical presentation, medical complications, psychiatric comorbidity, and outcomes in adolescents with eating disorders (EDs). Although EDs were historically considered female disorders, new diagnostic categories may have a relatively larger proportion of males. Disordered eating, body image dissatisfaction, and exercise among females may be more related to the desire for thinness, whereas in males it may be more related to the desire for muscularity. Medical complications are similar in males and females, but females may also present with amenorrhea. High levels of psychiatric comorbidity and high mortality rates are observed in both sexes.

scholarly journals Disordered eating attitudes among Iranian university students of medical sciences: The role of body image perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Maryam Momeni ◽  
Azam Ghorbani ◽  
Zahra Arjeini
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
University Students ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Eating Attitudes Test ◽  
Disordered Eating Attitudes

Background: Disordered eating attitudes and behaviors have become an issue of worldwide concern. Aim: This research was designed to investigate the role of body image satisfaction in the relationship with eating attitudes among students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 385 Qazvin university students of medical sciences were recruited by randomized stratified sampling in 2014. The students completed a three-part questionnaire (socio-demographic, Eating Attitudes Test and Body Shape Questionnaire) in their classrooms. We used hierarchical generalized linear models to identify variables significantly associated with Eating Attitudes Test scores. Results: The mean age of the students was 21.80 ± 2.98 years. Mean scores for the Eating Attitudes Test and Body Shape Questionnaire were 66.75 ± 29.8 and 11.86 ± 10.97 respectively; 18.5% of students had a score of 20 and above (≥ 20) that indicated disordered eating attitudes or as being at risk of eating disorders. In the multiple regression model, the Eating Attitudes Test was related to screening body image dissatisfaction (β = 0.122, P < 0.001). Body mass index was negatively related to the Eating Attitudes Test score (β= -0.488, P < 0.016), and diet was significantly correlated with an increased Eating Attitudes Test score (β = 5.803, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The risk of eating disorders is relatively high among Iranian university students. It can be a warning to health policy makers and should be the focus of special attention. In the present study, the most important factor related to abnormal eating attitudes was body image dissatisfaction. Regarding the complexity of the causes of eating disorders, various preventive and therapeutic interventions are necessary to avoid the dissemination in society of an idealized view of excessive thinness and further unfavorable outcomes in college students.

Celebrity influence on body image and eating disorders: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532098831
Author(s):  
Zoe Brown ◽  
Marika Tiggemann
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Appearance Comparison

Celebrities are well-known individuals who receive extensive public and media attention. There is an increasing body of research on the effect of celebrities on body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Yet, there has been no synthesis of the research findings. A systematic search for research articles on celebrities and body image or eating disorders resulted in 36 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Overall, the qualitative, correlational, big data, and experimental methodologies used in these studies demonstrated that exposure to celebrity images, appearance comparison, and celebrity worship are associated with maladaptive consequences for individuals’ body image.

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