Development of low-cost biodegradable films from corn starch and date palm pits (Phoenix dactylifera)

2021 ◽  
pp. 101199
Author(s):  
Nashi Alqahtani ◽  
Tareq Alnemr ◽  
Salim Ali
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Biodegradable Films

scholarly journals Using Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) by-products to Cultivate Lactobacillus reuteri spp.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira A Ayad ◽  
Deiaa Gad El-Rab ◽  
Abolghasem Shahbazi ◽  
Mulumebet Worku ◽  
Keith Schimmel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
By Products

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used by industry to produce fermented food products. The standard media used to cultivate LABs is DeMan Rogosa Sharp (MRS). However, it is expensive. Alternative low-cost media must be developed for industrial use. A good source for growth media components are by-products generated during the production of agricultural goods, such as dates. Our objective was to investigate the use of date by-products for cultivating Lactobacillus reuteri. Date palm extract (DPE) was prepared by pressing fresh date fruits for one week and diluting 1:2 with diH2O, centrifuging at 4696 x g and 4°C 25 min, and autoclaving the supernatant at 110°C for 15 min. An MRS-based buffer solution was added to DPE make a date palm medium (DPM). DPM was then enriched with various amounts phytone peptone (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 %, w/v). The enriched DPMs were used to cultivate three strains of Lactobacillus reuteri: DSM 20016, CF2-7F, and SD 2112. Our results showed that in the DPM minus phytone peptone, bacterial counts reached 3.18 ± 0.5 log CFU/mL. Addition of lower amounts of phytone peptone did not improve bacterial growth. However, DPM medium supplemented with 0.8% phytone peptone improved the bacterial counts, which reached 6.94 ± 0.1 log CFU/mL, similar to what was observed with MRS (7.90± 0.24 log CFU/mL). There was no significant difference in the growth of LAB in MRS and phytone peptone enriched media DPM (p > 0.05). Date by-products are potentially alternative low cost components of LAB growth media.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Sources Effect on Lactobacillus reuteri Growth and Performance Cultivated in Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) By-Products

Fermentation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira A. Ayad ◽  
Deiaa A. Gad El-Rab ◽  
Salam A. Ibrahim ◽  
Leonard L. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Growth Medium ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Lactobacillus Reuteri ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
By Products

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are fastidious microorganisms that have specific nutritional requirements. The de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) is an expensive standard growth medium for LAB to produce lactic acid, and the industry is always looking for an alternative low-cost medium. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is naturally full of essential nutrients that lead to stimulate or promote the growth of Lactobacillus spp. The date fruit industries generate a large amount of unwanted date by-product. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the effect of different nitrogen sources on the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri grown in a date base medium. In this study, date palm fruit was pressed, and the fiber was blended with distilled water, centrifuged, and the supernatant was autoclaved to obtain date palm extract (DPE). The date palm medium (DPM) was formed by mixing the DPE with buffer solution. The DPM was then supplemented with different concentrations of different nitrogen sources. Lactobacilli MRS was used as a standard growth medium. Three different L. reuteri strains were individually inoculated into batches of MRS and DPMs at an initial inoculum 2.5 Log CFU/mL, and then incubated at 37 °C for 18 h. Bacterial growth was monitored by measuring the optical density readings (O.D 610 nm) for up to 18 h. At the end of the incubation period, final populations of each individual strain were verified by enumeration of the MRS agar. Our results showed that the bacterial population in DPM (control; without nitrogen), reached 3.55 ± 0.5 Log CFU/mL. However, the bacterial populations that reached 7.03 ± 0.1 Log CFU/mL in the DPM medium were supplemented with 0.8% phytone peptone, compared to the MRS 7.90 ± 0.24 Log CFU/mL. Our findings thus suggest that date by-products could be used as a low-cost alternative for the LAB growth medium.

scholarly journals Preparation and Physicochemical Properties of Modified Corn Starch–Chitosan Biodegradable Films

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4431
Author(s):  
Enrique Javier Jiménez-Regalado ◽  
Carolina Caicedo ◽  
Abril Fonseca-García ◽  
Claudia Cecilia Rivera-Vallejo ◽  
Rocio Yaneli Aguirre-Loredo
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Gas Barrier ◽  
Starch Films ◽  
The Impact

Starch is a biopolymer with enormous potential for generating new biodegradable packages due to its easy availability and low cost. However, due to its weak functional properties, limitation of its interaction with some hydroxyl groups and evaluation of blends with other polymers are necessary in order to improve its performance. Glycerol-plasticized acetylated corn starch films were developed using the casting method, and the impact of incorporating chitosan (TPS:CH) in various proportions (75:25, 50:50, and 25:75 v/v) was studied in the present research. The effect of chitosan ratios on the physical, mechanical, water-vapor barrier, and thermal properties of the film was studied. Chitosan-protonated amino groups promoted the formation of intermolecular bonds, improving tensile strength, thermal stability, hydrophobicity, water adsorption capacity, and the gas barrier of starch films. The results show that the film composed of TPS25-CH75 proved to be the best barrier to water vapor; thus, these composite films are excellent choices for developing biodegradable packaging for the food industry.

scholarly journals PREPARATION OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS FROM DATE PALM TREE LEAFLETS (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) VIA REPEATED CHEMICAL TREATMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
ABDULRAHMAN G. ALHAMZANI ◽  
MOHAMED A. HABIB
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Physical Processing ◽  
By Products

Recently, there has been significant research interest in nanocellulose due to its unique properties and performance. Its special characteristics make it a desirable material for many advanced industrial applications. It is considered a precursor for many industrial products, such as textiles and leather, as well as for some smart applications, such as in the biomedical area, in photonics, and flexible optoelectronics. The preparation of the nanocellulose from bio-based degradable by-products is a great advantage from sustainability and environmental considerations. This work aimed to find the best utilization for locally available date palm tree by-products, in an attempt to turn them into a valuable material. We succeeded in preparing nanocellulose with considerable crystallinity from biomass by-products via chemical and physical processing. The properties of the obtained nanocellulose were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was found that the sonication process (20 kHz, 10 min, 100 C) has a significant role to play in the nanocellulose formation. The nanocellulose was found to have a smaller diameter (20-508 nm) and smoother surface, compared to the untreated fibers, and reached the degradation temperature of 1560 C as a result of the removal of lignin and hemicelluloses. Therefore, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were achieved from low-cost by-products and could be further applied as a biodegradable matrix material.

Effect of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) spikelets extract on the physicochemical and microbial properties of set-type yogurt during cold storage

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111762
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Almusallam ◽  
Isam A. Mohamed Ahmed ◽  
Elfadil E. Babiker ◽  
Fahad Y. Al-Juhaimi ◽  
Ali Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Microbial Properties ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Ethiopia using microsatellite markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Workia Ahmed ◽  
Tileye Feyissa ◽  
Kassahun Tesfaye ◽  
Sumaira Farrakh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Date Palms ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity

Abstract Background Date palm tree (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a perennial monocotyledonous plant belonging to the Arecaceae family, a special plant with extraordinary nature that gives eminent contributions in agricultural sustainability and huge socio-economic value in many countries of the world including Ethiopia. Evaluation of genetic diversity across date palms at DNA level is very important for breeding and conservation. The result of this study could help to design for genetic improvement and develop germplasm introduction programmes of date palms mainly in Ethiopia. Results In this study, 124 date palm genotypes were collected, and 10 polymorphic microsatellite markers were used. Among 10 microsatellites, MPdCIR085 and MPdCIR093 loci showed the highest value of observed and expected heterozygosity, maximum number of alleles, and highest polymorphic information content values. A total of 112 number of alleles were found, and the mean number of major allele frequency was 0.26, with numbers ranging from 0.155 (MPdCIR085) to 0.374 (MPdCIR016); effective number of alleles with a mean value of 6.61, private alleles ranged from 0.0 to 0.65; observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.355 to 0.726; expected heterozygosity varied from 0.669 to 0.906, polymorphic information content with a mean value of 0.809; fixation index individuals relative to subpopulations ranged from 0.028 for locus MPdCIR032 to 0.548 for locus MPdCIR025, while subpopulations relative to total population value ranged from − 0.007 (MPdCIR070) to 0.891 (MPdCIR015). All nine accesstions, neighbour-joining clustering analysis, based on dissimilarity coefficient values were grouped into five major categories; in population STRUCTURE analysis at highest K value, three groups were formed, whereas DAPC separated date palm genotypes into eight clusters using the first two linear discriminants. Principal coordinate analysis was explained, with a 17.33% total of variation in all populations. Generally, the result of this study revealed the presence of allele variations and high heterozygosity (> 0.7) in date palm genotypes. Conclusions Microsatellites (SSR) are one of the most preferable molecular markers for the study of genetic diversity and population structure of plants. In this study, we found the presence of genetic variations of date palm genotypes in Ethiopia; therefore, these genetic variations of date palms is important for crop improvement and conservation programmes; also, it will be used as sources of information to national and international genbanks.

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