Cover crops to secure weed control strategies in a maize crop with reduced tillage

AbstractMid-Atlantic wine consumers participated in an Internet survey to determine which of three attributes (retail base prices, Botrytis cinerea [bunch rot] control measure, or weed-control strategy) and attribute levels (e.g., a retail base price of $12, $16, $22, or $26) were the most important factors in their decisions to purchase 750mL glass bottles of wine. Conjoint analysis was used to calculate average importance for the three attributes. Based on these calculations, the base retail price attribute had the greatest impact on participants’ decision to purchase the wine (57.40%), followed by bunch rot control measure (20.76%) and weed control strategy (21.49%). Participants were also asked to indicate how interested (not at all interested to extremely interested) they were in purchasing wines produced from grapes grown using minimal pesticides or with cover crops to control weeds. Separate conjoint analyses were then performed based on participants’ level of interest in the two sustainable production methods. In both instances, the average importance values for retail base price were still higher than the values for either bunch rot or weed control strategies. Average importance values for price were lower for participants who responded that they were “very” or “extremely interested” in purchasing wine produced with minimal pesticides or with cover crops than for participants who were “not all interested” in purchasing such wines. (JEL Classifications: Q18, Q11, M31)

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INTEGRAÇÃO DE PRÁTICAS PARA O MANEJO DE PLANTAS DANINHAS NA CULTURA DO MILHO

Scientia Agraria ◽

10.5380/rsa.v12i2.33724 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Alvadi Antonio BALBINOT JUNIOR ◽

Gilcimar Adriano VOGT ◽

Michelangelo Muzell TREZZI

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Plant Density ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Weed Infestation ◽

Narrow Row

As práticas de manejo do solo e de culturas podem afetar diretamente a infestação de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da integração de práticas culturais e químicas na infestação de plantas daninhas e na produtividade da cultura do milho. Foi conduzido um experimento em Papanduva, SC, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com três repetições e parcelas subdivididas. Nas parcelas foram avaliados dois sistemas de manejo cultural de plantas daninhas: S1 (cultivo de consórcio de espécies para cobertura do solo no inverno, uso de sementes de milho com elevada massa e espaçamento entre fileiras de 0,45 m) e S2 (pousio no inverno, uso de sementes de milho com baixa massa e espaçamento entre fileiras de 0,90 m). Nas subparcelas foram avaliadas quatro estratégias de controle de plantas daninhas no milho (sem controle, atrazine, atrazine+mesotrione e capina). Avaliaram-se a quantidade de palha no momento da semeadura do milho, a velocidade de decomposição da palha, a densidade e a massa seca da parte aérea de plantas daninhas e o desempenho da cultura de milho. O uso de práticas culturais para o manejo de plantas daninhas promoveu redução da infestação dessas plantas na cultura de milho, além de aumentar a produtividade da cultura. A aplicação de atrazine + mesotrione proporcionou melhor controle de plantas daninhas e maior produtividade de grãos em relação à aplicação isolada de atrazine. ABSTRACT Soil and crop management can affect the weed population in corn. The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of cultural and chemical management practices on weed infestation and corn yield. The experiment was carried out in Papanduva, SC, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks with three replications in a split-plot arrangement. In plots were evaluated two cultural weed management systems: S1 (multicropping of winter cover crops, corn seeds with high weight and narrow row of 0.45 m) and S2 (winter fallow, corn seeds with low weight and narrow row of 0.90 m). In subplots were evaluated four weed control strategies (no-control, atrazine, atrazine + mesotrione and weeding). The parameters evaluated were the straw quantity, residue decomposition, weed plant density and shoot dry mass and corn performance. The use of cultural weed management practices reduced the weed infestation on corn and improved the crop yield. The association of atrazine + mesotrione herbicides showed more efficient weed control than atrazine.

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201 ALTERNATIVE WEED CONTROL STRATEGIES FOR STRAWBERRIES IN THE ESTABLISHMENT YEAR

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.458a ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 458a-458

Author(s):

Charlotte Herman ◽

Emily Hoover

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Weed Management ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Plant Material ◽

Control Strategies ◽

First Year ◽

Strawberry Plant ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Alternative Weed Control

The objective of our study was to establish first year strawberry plantings without using herbicides. `Honeyoye' transplants were set into plots measuring 6.1m × 7.32m on 21 May, 1993. Four treatments were established: winter wheat, a dwarf Brassica sp., napropamide (2.24kg/h), and no weed management. After the strawberry plants, cover crops (and some weeds) were fairly well established, (18 June) 6 week-old African “weeder” geese were put into half of each plot to graze. Weekly data was taken on the percentage of soil area covered with plant material, height and stage of development of plants, and weeds present. A weed transect was done in 6 July. Plant material was collected from each plot on 26 July and 16 Sept. in a 0.2m2 area, and dried. The most promising cover crop treatment was the dwarf Brassica for early season weed control. However, the herbicide treatment with no geese produced the best strawberry plant growth.

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Weed Control Using Conventional Tillage, Reduced Tillage, No-Tillage, and Cover Crops in Organic Soybean

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture7050043 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 43 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jonas Weber ◽

Christoph Kunz ◽

Gerassimos Peteinatos ◽

Sabine Zikeli ◽

Roland Gerhards

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

No Tillage

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004 WINTER COVER CROPS FOR WEED CONTROL IN SUSTAINABLE VEGETABLE PRODUCTION

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.29.5.428a ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 428a-428

Author(s):

Vasey N. Mwaja ◽

John B. Masiunas

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

Winter Rye ◽

Vegetable Production ◽

Vegetable Crops ◽

Winter Cover ◽

Winter Cover Crops

A three-year study determined the effect of winter cover crops on weeds and vegetable crops in a vegetable production system. Winter rye and hairy vetch were interseeded in the fall of 1990, 1991 and 1992 at 112 and 34-kg ha-1, respectively. The cover crops were killed by ether applying glyphosate at 1.1 kg a.i ha-1 [reduced tillage(RT)] or mowing and disking the cover crop (Disked). The conventional tillage (CT) was bare ground with a preplant incorporated application of 0.84 kg a.i ha-1 of trifluralin. During the three years, the greatest snap bean yields were in the CT; total yields of cabbage and tomato varied between the years; and were not affected by management systems. Weed control was similar in the RT and CT treatments during the three years. Disked cover crop treatments tended to have greater weed numbers than either RT or CT treatments.

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Establishing white clover (Trifolium repens) as a living mulch: weed control and herbicide tolerance

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/wet.2021.45 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-28

Author(s):

Nicholas T. Basinger ◽

Nicholas S. Hill

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

White Clover ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Herbicide Tolerance ◽

Single Application ◽

Weed Species ◽

Living Mulch ◽

Herbicide Resistant ◽

Research And Education ◽

Weed Emergence

Abstract With the increasing focus on herbicide-resistant weeds and the lack of introduction of new modes of action, many producers have turned to annual cover crops as a tool for reducing weed populations. Recent studies have suggested that perennial cover crops such as white clover could be used as living mulch. However, white clover is slow to establish and is susceptible to competition from winter weeds. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine clover tolerance and weed control in established stands of white clover to several herbicides. Studies were conducted in the fall and winter of 2018 to 2019 and 2019 to 2020 at the J. Phil Campbell Research and Education Center in Watkinsville, GA, and the Southeast Georgia Research and Education Center in Midville, GA. POST applications of imazethapyr, bentazon, or flumetsulam at low and high rates, or in combination with 2,4-D and 2,4-DB, were applied when clover reached 2 to 3 trifoliate stage. Six weeks after the initial POST application, a sequential application of bentazon and flumetsulam individually, and combinations of 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, and flumetsulam were applied over designated plots. Clover biomass was similar across all treatments except where it was reduced by sequential applications of 2,4-D + 2,4-DB + flumetsulam in the 2019 to 2020 season indicating that most treatments were safe for use on establishing living mulch clover. A single application of flumetsulam at the low rate or a single application of 2,4-D + 2,4-DB provided the greatest control of all weed species while minimizing clover injury when compared to the non-treated check. These herbicide options allow for control of problematic winter weeds during clover establishment, maximizing clover biomass and limiting canopy gaps that would allow for summer weed emergence.

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A 3-year field study to assess winter cover crops as nitrogen sources for an organic maize crop in Mediterranean Portugal

European Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1016/j.eja.2021.126302 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 128 ◽

pp. 126302

Author(s):

Adelaide Perdigão ◽

José L.S. Pereira ◽

Nuno Moreira ◽

Henrique Trindade ◽

João Coutinho

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Maize Crop ◽

Winter Cover ◽

Winter Cover Crops

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Influence of Application Method on the Activity of Butylate and EPTC in Reduced-Tillage Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500053911 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 412-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Douglas D. Buhler

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Weed Control ◽

The Other ◽

Growth Chamber ◽

Reduced Tillage ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Liquid Fertilizer ◽

Application Method ◽

Control Growth ◽

Application Methods

Weed control in reduced-tillage corn (Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3732′) with butylate [S-ethyl bis(2-methylpropyl) carbamothioate] and EPTC (S-ethyl dipropyl carbarnothioate) was not reduced when these herbicides were applied jointly with dry or liquid fertilizer. In most cases, application with fertilizer resulted in weed control similar to that observed when the herbicide was applied in water at 285 L/ha. Butylate applied as a granular formulation also gave weed control similar to the spray at 285 L/ha. Application in 95 L/ha of water consistently resulted in reduced weed control. Corn injury was not greatly influenced by application method, and differences in corn yield appeared to be due to differences in weed control. Growth chamber bioassays indicated that both butylate and EPTC dissipated more rapidly when applied in 95 L/ha of water than the other application methods, which may explain differences in weed control observed in the field.

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Spring-planted cover crops for weed control in soybean

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170521000107 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Katja Koehler-Cole ◽

Christopher A. Proctor ◽

Roger W. Elmore ◽

David A. Wedin

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Weed Management ◽

Block Design ◽

Weed Suppression ◽

Crop Species ◽

Cold Temperatures ◽

Weed Biomass ◽

Small Grains

Abstract Replacing tillage with cover crops (CC) for weed management in corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] systems with mechanical weed control has many soil health benefits but in the western Corn Belt, CC establishment after harvest is hampered by cold temperatures, limited labor and few compatible CC species. Spring-planted CC may be an alternative, but information is lacking on suitable CC species. Our objective was to evaluate four spring-planted CC with respect to biomass production and weed suppression, concurrent with CC growth and post-termination. Cover crop species tested were oat (Avena sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), brown mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] and yellow mustard (Brassica hirta Moench). They were compared to no-CC treatments that were either tilled pre- and post-planting of soybean (no-CC tilled) or not tilled at all (no-CC weedy). CC were planted in late March to early April, terminated 52–59 days later using an undercutter, and soybean was planted within a week. The experiment had a randomized complete block design with four replications and was repeated for 3 years. Mustards and small grains produced similar amounts of biomass (1.54 Mg ha−1) but mustard biomass production was more consistent (0.85–2.72 Mg ha−1) than that of the small grains (0.35–3.81 Mg ha−1). Relative to the no-CC weedy treatment, mustards suppressed concurrent weed biomass in two out of 3 years, by 31–97%, and small grains suppressed concurrent weed biomass in only 1 year, by 98%. Six weeks after soybean planting, small grains suppressed weed biomass in one out of 3 years, by 79% relative to the no-CC weedy treatment, but mustards did not provide significant weed suppression. The no-CC tilled treatment suppressed weeds each year relative to the no-CC weedy treatment, on average 87%. The ineffective weed control by CC reduced soybean biomass by about 50% six weeks after planting. While spring-planted CC have the potential for pre-plant weed control, they do not provide adequate early season weed suppression for soybean.

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