Pure and mixed forest plantations with native species of the dry tropics of Costa Rica: a comparison of growth and productivity

Researches and generalizations of information on basic patterns of formation, growth, and structure of Irkutsk region forest stands and plantations enabled to study dynamics of formation and productivity of mixed pine forests, being naturally developed under various economic impacts. Such parameters as diameter-, height-, and volume-wise pine and larch increment in mixed forest stands were studied. The obtained results were accurate due to a wealth of experimental material, statistical and mathematical processing using MS Excel application software, graphic methods of processing the materials. The following conclusions can be made based on the materials collected: areas and yields of larch in Irkutsk region have been sharply reduced, since there are processes of intense deforestation and weak natural regeneration of larch here. Mixed forest plantations of pine and larch grow rather successfully, however, such areas are few, since there is no commercial procurement of larch seeds in Irkutsk region, no larch seedlings are cultivated in nursery forests; larch saplings occupy a much smaller area than Scots pine saplings do; basic taxation parameters and structure of mixed pine-larch forest plantations are formed at the young age; saplings have mean productivity, equivalent to the 3rd yield class; mixed forest stands are of high practical and industrial value that depends on conditions of domestic and foreign market.

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Evaluation of risks for two native mammal species from feral cat baiting in monsoonal tropical northern Australia

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr17171 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 518 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jaime Heiniger ◽

Skye F. Cameron ◽

Graeme Gillespie

Keyword(s):

Rhodamine B ◽

Native Species ◽

Field Trials ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Northern Australia ◽

Target Species ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Feral Cat ◽

Feral Cats ◽

Dry Tropics

Context Feral cats are a significant threat to native wildlife and broad-scale control is required to reduce their impacts. Two toxic baits developed for feral cats, Curiosity® and Hisstory®, have been designed to reduce the risk of baiting to certain non-target species. These baits involve encapsulating the toxin within a hard-shelled delivery vehicle (HSDV) and placing it within a meat attractant. Native animals that chew their food more thoroughly are predicted to avoid poisoning by eating around the HSDV. This prediction has not been tested on wild native mammals in the monsoonal wet–dry tropics of the Northern Territory. Aim The aim of this research was to determine whether northern quolls (Dasyurus hallucatus) and northern brown bandicoots (Isoodon macrourus) would take feral cat baits and ingest the HSDV under natural conditions on Groote Eylandt. Methods We hand-deployed 120 non-toxic baits with a HSDV that contained a biomarker, Rhodamine B, which stains animal whiskers when ingested. The species responsible for bait removal was determined with camera traps, and HSDV ingestion was measured by evaluating Rhodamine B in whiskers removed from animals trapped after baiting. Key results During field trials, 95% of baits were removed within 5 days. Using camera-trap images, we identified the species responsible for taking baits on 65 occasions. All 65 confirmed takes were by native species, with northern quolls taking 42 baits and northern brown bandicoots taking 17. No quolls and only one bandicoot ingested the HSDV. Conclusion The use of the HSDV reduces the potential for quolls and bandicoots to ingest a toxin when they consume feral cat baits. However, high bait uptake by non-target species may reduce the efficacy of cat baiting in some areas. Implications The present study highlighted that in the monsoonal wet–dry tropics, encapsulated baits are likely to minimise poisoning risk to certain native species that would otherwise eat meat baits. However, further research may be required to evaluate risks to other non-target species. Given the threat to biodiversity from feral cats, we see it as critical to continue testing Hisstory® and Curiosity® in live-baiting trials in northern Australia.

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Carbon accumulation in aboveground and belowground biomass and soil of different age native forest plantations in the humid tropical lowlands of Costa Rica

New Forests ◽

10.1007/s11056-011-9273-9 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 197-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

William Fonseca ◽

Federico E. Alice ◽

José María Rey-Benayas

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Belowground Biomass ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Forest Plantations ◽

Native Forest ◽

Aboveground And Belowground Biomass ◽

Tropical Lowlands

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Impacts of understory species removal and/or addition on soil respiration in a mixed forest plantation with native species in southern China

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2010.12.027 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 261 (6) ◽

pp. 1053-1060 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Xiaoling Wang ◽

Jie Zhao ◽

Jianping Wu ◽

Hua Chen ◽

Yongbiao Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Native Species ◽

Southern China ◽

Mixed Forest ◽

Forest Plantation ◽

Understory Species ◽

Species Removal

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Reduced diet breadth in the Scarlet Macaw Ara macao of the Área de Conservación Osa (ACOSA), Costa Rica: Implications for conservation and ecotourism

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s0959270920000088 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 575-585

Author(s):

JOSEPH O.E. HAMM ◽

GRACE M. BOND ◽

LAURA C. EXLEY ◽

EMMA A. KOREIN

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Native Species ◽

Diet Breadth ◽

Ecosystem Dynamics ◽

Central American ◽

Food Sources ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Dietary Niche ◽

Ara Macao ◽

Scarlet Macaw

SummaryThe Área de Conservación Osa (ACOSA) contains the largest population of Scarlet Macaws Ara macao in Costa Rica. Despite their influence on ecosystem dynamics and status as a flagship species, empirical data on the foraging patterns of this population is lacking. This information is crucial in implementing effective conservation strategies, particularly reintroduction attempts. Observations of feeding behaviour were made systematically over a 12-month period to provide the first direct examination of Scarlet Macaw diet within the ACOSA region. Scarlet Macaws feed on various items including seeds, flowers, bark, and leaf-gall larvae. Key findings included a demonstration of a smaller dietary niche breadth than that recorded for other Central American populations, use of button mangrove Conocarpus erectus, a species not previously recognised as a food source for Scarlet Macaws, and a heavy reliance on an exotic non-native species, Terminalia catappa. We argue that whilst human-modified coastal locations may present viable habitat for Scarlet Macaws, anthropogenic influences including the removal of native food sources and proliferation of exotic and cultivated species have left the Scarlet Macaws of the ACOSA particularly dependent on a small number of species.

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CLONAL FORESTRY OF Piptocarpha angustifolia: SURVIVAL AND GROWTH VIGOR IN FIELD CONDITIONS

CERNE ◽

10.1590/01047760201723012262 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 69-74

Author(s):

Carlos André Stuepp ◽

Ivar Wendling ◽

Henrique Soares Koehler ◽

Katia Christina Zuffellato-Ribas

Keyword(s):

Native Species ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Forest Plantations ◽

Clonal Forestry ◽

Base Diameter ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Clonal Plantation ◽

Survival And Growth ◽

Growth Vigor ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT Piptocarpha angustifolia is a potential native species for Brazilian forestry. However, a lot of challenges and technical constraints persist, hindering its expansion as a species for forest plantations, among them, the lack of evaluation of their survival and growth in field conditions. Thus, we evaluated the survival and growth vigor of Piptocarpha angustifolia according to two initial heights of mini-cuttings at planting. Plants from mini-cuttings with 20 ± 5 cm and 40 ± 5 cm were planted in field using 3 × 2 m spacing. In these, we evaluated the survival, base diameter and total height during 24 months. The experiment was implemented in a completely randomized design in a split plot model. Plants of 20 ± 5 cm are superior in survival to 40 ± 5 cm ones. The growth in height and diameter remained constant up to 24 months, reaching 64.1 cm and 13.5 mm, independently of the plants expedition time. In general, the establishment of clonal plantation of Piptocarpha angustifolia was limited by the attack of pests, mainly cutting ants. For this reason, plantation of this species must take into account the possibility of greater pest control.

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Pecan (Carya illinoinensis/Wangenh./K. Koch): A new species of the Allochthonous dendroflora in Serbia

Glasnik Sumarskog fakulteta ◽

10.2298/gsf1409033b ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 33-48

Author(s):

Martin Bobinac ◽

Marko Perovic

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Native Species ◽

Carya Illinoinensis ◽

Cultural Property ◽

Forest Plantations ◽

Practical Application ◽

Southeastern Part ◽

Breast Height ◽

The City ◽

A New Species

This paper presents the alien species Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch, carya-pecan, (Juglandaceae A. Richard ex Kunth) that has not been mentioned so far in the dendroflora of Serbia. One tree was recorded within the first Serbian sugar factory in Cukarica that is now a protected cultural property in the City of Belgrade. The tree is about 35 years old and about 20 m high. The length of the trunk without branches is 6.0 m and the diameter at breast height is 57 cm. Carya-pecan is a native species of the southeastern part of North America, and is grown in Europe for edible fruits and quality wood. The recorded tree in Belgrade is fruitful and characterized by good vitality and rapid growth. Due to its special characteristics, it can have multiple practical application in the territory of Serbia for decoration in urban areas, for forest plantations and in orchards.

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THE SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF MIXED CULTURES OF SPRUCE AND LARCH

Forestry Engineering Journal ◽

10.12737/25197 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 80-87

Author(s):

Корчагов ◽

Sergey Korchagov ◽

Грибов ◽

Sergey Gribov ◽

Карбасникова ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Positive Impact ◽

Mixed Forest ◽

Southern Taiga ◽

Mixed Cultures ◽

Forest Plantations ◽

Intensive Forest Management ◽

Southern Taiga Subzone ◽

Collar Diameter ◽

Survival And Growth ◽

Root Collar

One of the urgent tasks for intensive forest management is the scientific study of agricultural technology of creation of forest plantations, the study of peculiarities of growth, structure and formation. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of agrotechnical treatments on the survival and growth of mixed cultures of larch and spruce in the southern taiga subzone. In the areas of plantations test plots are laid in accordance with OST 56-69-83, silvicultural and forest inventory parameters are determined by conventional methods. Forest plantations are established in Prigorodny forestry of the Vologda district. Plantations were created under the same conditions, the same technology, with the same density. However, in one area of the mixed cultures agrotechnical treatments in the form of grass cutting were performed. The resulting research evidence suggests that mowing of weeds at the time of adaptation of the seedlings (first three to four years) in forest cultivated areas had a positive impact on the formation of mixed forest cultures of spruce and larch. The larch increasingly responded to this type of agro-technical care. From these data we see that the area of crops with weeds cutting has better survival of larch and all the morphometric parameters (height, root collar diameter, height increment). Trunks of larch in this area are in 2 times more than in the area of crops without conducted care. From this it follows that the larch, as light-demanding species, suffers from shading and it may die without timely care. Agrotechnical treatments as well affected positively on spruce plantation formation, but to a lesser extent than in larch plantation. On a plot of forest cultures with the agro-technical treatments (grass cutting) larger trunks with a greater increase in height are formed than in the area of crops that are not affected by care.

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