Harvest residue and competing vegetation affect soil moisture, soil temperature, N availability, and Douglas-fir seedling growth

2005 ◽  
Vol 205 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 333-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Roberts ◽  
Constance A. Harrington ◽  
Thomas A. Terry
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Competing Vegetation ◽  
Harvest Residue

Response of coastal Douglas-fir and competing vegetation to repeated and delayed weed control treatments during early plantation development

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1208-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Maguire ◽  
Douglas B. Mainwaring ◽  
Robin Rose ◽  
Sean M. Garber ◽  
Eric J. Dinger
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Optimal Regime ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Competing Vegetation ◽  
Plantation Development ◽  
Age Shift

A key silvicultural decision in managing young conifer plantations is determining the number and timing of release treatments to control competing vegetation. Three coastal Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) plantations were treated under eight alternative herbicide regimes during the first 5 years after planting to test treatment effects on vegetation dynamics and seedling growth. After termination of herbicide treatments, competing vegetation developed at a rate similar to that of check plots, reaching 40%–60% cover in the first growing season and approaching 100% by the third. Recovery of competing vegetation was slightly more rapid with greater number of previous releases. Annual volume growth of seedlings was negatively correlated with current cover of competing vegetation, but competitive effects from previous years were fully accounted for by initial tree size. Under 4 years of release, delaying treatment by 1 year reduced volume attained at the end of 5 years by about 15%. Plots receiving 5 consecutive years of weed control reached the 5 year volume of check plots in only 3.9 years, implying an age shift of 1.1 years. Increasing the number of operational release treatments significantly improved seedling growth in the short term, but long-term growth effects must be monitored to determine the economically optimal regime.

Light and temperature differentially colimit subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce seedling growth in partial-cut subalpine forests

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleo C Lajzerowicz ◽  
Michael B Walters ◽  
Marek Krasowski ◽  
Hugues B Massicotte
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Subalpine Forests ◽  
Subalpine Fir ◽  
Engelmann Spruce ◽  
Soil Temperatures

We compared the relative impacts of light, soil N, and soil temperature on Engelmann spruce (Picea engelman nii Parry ex Engelm.) and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.) seedling growth by quantifying (i) microsite environment-growth relationships for N-fertilized and unfertilized planted seedlings in shelterwood, patch cut, and clearcut harvest treatments and (ii) growth, photosynthesis, and biomass allocation for greenhouse-grown seedlings at 5, 10, and 15 °C soil temperatures. Fertilization did not affect seedling growth. Furthermore, soil N availability did not vary among harvest treatments. In contrast, clearcut compared with shelterwood seedlings had greater mass (fivefold), light availability (twofold), and soil temperatures (1.6 °C). Across harvest treatments, spruce and fir mass increased linearly to 100% open-sky light (R2 = 0.51 and 0.57, respectively), and temperature and light combined explained more variation in mass than light alone (adjusted R2 = 0.58 for both species). Spruce growth was more sensitive to temperature than fir in both field and greenhouse experiments. Diminished growth at low soil temperature was associated with lower photosynthesis and not lower leaf fraction. Thus, soil temperature and light colimit seedling growth in subalpine forests, but responses were species-specific and consistent with microenvironment differences in spruce and fir regeneration niches.

Integration of soil moisture, xylem water potential, and fall–spring herbicide treatments to achieve the maximum growth response in newly planted Douglas-fir seedlings

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 1401-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Dinger ◽  
Robin Rose
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Treatment Regimes ◽  
Herbicide Treatment

Early in the establishment of Pacific Northwest Douglas-fir ( Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) plantations, herbaceous vegetation can decrease seedling growth through competition for soil moisture during the dry summer months. This study was designed to statistically quantify soil moisture, seedling xylem water potential (Ψ), vegetation community, and seedling growth response to six herbicide treatment regimes commonly applied over the first 2 years of establishment. When compared with the control, soil moisture and seedling Ψ increased in response to reductions in competitive cover, allowing seedlings to extend productive growing time from 28 to 80 days. As a result, seedling volume growth increased from 56 cm3 in the untreated control to greater than 250 cm3 for the most intensive herbicide treatment regimes. Vegetation surveys revealed that treatment regimes had the potential to provide a disturbance, which could shift community composition from native to introduced species as the relationship decreased from 10:1 to 2:1. The most intense herbicide treatment regime reduced cover below 20%, retained soil moisture >30%, maintained predawn seedling Ψ above –1.0 MPa, and decreased height to diameter ratio below 50, increasing the likelihood of successful plantation establishment.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Herbicide and Mulch Mat Treatments for Reducing Grass, Herb, and Shrub Competition in the BC Interior Douglas-Fir Zone—Ten-Year Results

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Harper ◽  
P. G. Comeau ◽  
B. S. Biring
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Soil Drought ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Soil Moisture Availability

Abstract We present results from a study established in 1993 in the Interior Douglas-fir biogeoclimatic zone of southwestern British Columbia to test the effectiveness of several herbicide and mulch mat treatments for reducing grass, herbaceous, and shrub competition. The effectiveness of the preplant herbicide applications of hexazinone (Velpar L) at 2.1 kg ai/ha, glyphosate (Vision) at 2.1 and 1.0 kg ai/ha, and the installation of plastic mulch mats (Tredegar 90 × 90-cm mats) for controlling competing vegetation, improving seedling growth and survival of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings and improving soil moisture availability was evaluated. Ten-year results indicate that application of hexazinone and glyphosate enhanced the survival, diameter, and height growth of planted Douglas-fir seedlings. These herbicide treatments provided effective control of grass and herbaceous vegetation for three to four growing seasons. Plastic mulch mats did result in improvements in growth and survival, but these were not statistically different from untreated seedlings. The results of soil moisture monitoring from within the various treatments indicated delay in the onset of soil drought as a key determinant of the seedling growth improvement noted. West. J. Appl. For. 20(3):167–176.

Phytotoxicity of Triallate Vapors to Wild Oat

Weed Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Miller ◽  
John D. Nalewaja
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat

Wild oat (Avena fatuaL.) seedlings were exposed to vapors arising from soil treated with triallate [S-(2,3,3-trichloroallyl)diisopropylthiocarbamate]. Vapor from the liquid triallate formulation inhibited seedling growth more than vapor from the granular formulation, and the degree of inhibition was least in Fargo clay, intermediate in Hecla sandy loam and greatest in washed sand. Growth inhibition from vapors of soil-applied liquid or granular triallate increased as soil moisture content and soil temperature increased. The site of effective vapor action on wild oat seedlings was below the soil surface.

Growth of Douglas-fir in Southwestern Oregon after removal of competing vegetation.

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle E. Jaramillo
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Competing Vegetation

Potential Soil Respiration in Forest Soil according to Soil Temperature and Soil Moisture Change

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Eunhye LEE ◽  
Jaeseok LEE
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Moisture Change

Ecological responses of Stipa steppe in Inner Mongolia to experimentally increased temperature and precipitation. 3. Soil respiration

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexia Wang ◽  
Yali Chen ◽  
Yulong Yan ◽  
Zhiqiang Wan ◽  
Ran Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Soil Respiration Rate ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation

The response of soil respiration to simulated climatic warming and increased precipitation was evaluated on the arid–semi-arid Stipa steppe of Inner Mongolia. Soil respiration rate had a single peak during the growing season, reaching a maximum in July under all treatments. Soil temperature, soil moisture and their interaction influenced the soil respiration rate. Relative to the control, warming alone reduced the soil respiration rate by 15.6 ± 7.0%, whereas increased precipitation alone increased the soil respiration rate by 52.6 ± 42.1%. The combination of warming and increased precipitation increased the soil respiration rate by 22.4 ± 11.2%. When temperature was increased, soil respiration rate was more sensitive to soil moisture than to soil temperature, although the reverse applied when precipitation was increased. Under the experimental precipitation (20% above natural rainfall) applied in the experiment, soil moisture was the primary factor limiting soil respiration, but soil temperature may become limiting under higher soil moisture levels.

A six year study of earthworm (Lumbricidae) populations in pasture woodland in southern England shows their responses to soil temperature and soil moisture

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1857-1865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Eggleton ◽  
Kelly Inward ◽  
Joanne Smith ◽  
David T. Jones ◽  
Emma Sherlock
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Southern England
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