scholarly journals Efficacy of Probiotic for Inhibition of Intestinal Colonization by Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. e211-e212
Author(s):  
H. Fazeli ◽  
B. Nasr Esfahani ◽  
M. Mirlohi
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

scholarly journals Capacity of Human Nisin- and Pediocin-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria To Reduce Intestinal Colonization by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1997-2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathieu Millette ◽  
Gilbert Cornut ◽  
Claude Dupont ◽  
François Shareck ◽  
Denis Archambault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

ABSTRACT This study demonstrated the capacity of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to reduce intestinal colonization by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in a mouse model. Lactococcus lactis MM19 and Pediococcus acidilactici MM33 are bacteriocin producers isolated from human feces. The bacteriocin secreted by P. acidilactici is identical to pediocin PA-1/AcH, while PCR analysis demonstrated that L. lactis harbors the nisin Z gene. LAB were acid and bile tolerant when assayed under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. A well diffusion assay using supernatants from LAB demonstrated strong activity against a clinical isolate of VRE. A first in vivo study was done using C57BL/6 mice that received daily intragastric doses of L. lactis MM19, P. acidilactici MM33, P. acidilactici MM33A (a pediocin mutant that had lost its ability to produce pediocin), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 18 days. This study showed that L. lactis and P. acidilactici MM33A increased the concentrations of total LAB and anaerobes while P. acidilactici MM33 decreased the Enterobacteriaceae populations. A second in vivo study was done using VRE-colonized mice that received the same inocula as those in the previous study for 16 days. In L. lactis-fed mice, fecal VRE levels 1.73 and 2.50 log10 CFU/g lower than those in the PBS group were observed at 1 and 3 days postinfection. In the P. acidilactici MM33-fed mice, no reduction was observed at 1 day postinfection but a reduction of 1.85 log10 CFU/g was measured at 3 days postinfection. Levels of VRE in both groups of mice treated with bacteriocin-producing LAB were undetectable at 6 days postinfection. No significant difference in mice fed the pediocin-negative strain compared to the control group was observed. This is the first demonstration that human L. lactis and P. acidilactici nisin- and pediocin-producing strains can reduce VRE intestinal colonization.

scholarly journals Effects of Daptomycin, Linezolid, and Vancomycin on Establishment of Intestinal Colonization with Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci and Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 3513-3516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole J. Pultz ◽  
Usha Stiefel ◽  
Curtis J. Donskey
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

ABSTRACT In mice, vancomycin and linezolid treatment disrupted the anaerobic intestinal microflora, based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis, and promoted colonization by Klebsiella pneumoniae and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. However, the effects varied depending on dose and duration of treatment. Daptomycin treatment did not disrupt the anaerobic microflora or promote either pathogen.

scholarly journals In Vivo Transfer of the vanA Resistance Gene from an Enterococcus faecium Isolate of Animal Origin to an E. faecium Isolate of Human Origin in the Intestines of Human Volunteers

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 596-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla H. Lester ◽  
Niels Frimodt-Møller ◽  
Thomas Lund Sørensen ◽  
Dominique L. Monnet ◽  
Anette M. Hammerum
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Faecium Isolate

ABSTRACT Transient colonization by vancomycin-resistant enterococci of animal origin has been documented in the intestines of humans. However, little is known about whether transfer of the vanA gene occurs in the human intestine. Six volunteers ingested a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolate of chicken origin, together with a vancomycin-susceptible E. faecium recipient of human origin. Transconjugants were recovered in three of six volunteers. In one volunteer, not only was vancomycin resistance transferred, but also quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance. This study shows that transfer of the vanA gene from an E. faecium isolate of animal origin to an E. faecium isolate of human origin can occur in the intestines of humans. It suggests that transient intestinal colonization by enterococci carrying mobile elements with resistance genes represents a risk for spread of resistance genes to other enterococci that are part of the human indigenous flora, which can be responsible for infections in certain groups of patients, e.g., immunocompromised patients.

Mo1844 Effect of Fidaxomicin on Susceptibility to Intestinal Colonization With Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. S-724-S-725
Author(s):  
Abhishek Deshpande ◽  
Kelly Hurless ◽  
Jennifer L. Cadnum ◽  
Laurent Chesnel ◽  
Luisa Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

scholarly journals Efficacy of Oral Ramoplanin for Inhibition of Intestinal Colonization by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Mice

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 2144-2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Stiefel ◽  
Nicole J. Pultz ◽  
Marion S. Helfand ◽  
Curtis J. Donskey
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Discontinuation Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Transmission ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Low Levels

ABSTRACT Ramoplanin is a glycolipodepsipeptide antibiotic with activity against gram-positive bacteria that is in clinical trials for prevention of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bloodstream infections and treatment of Clostridium difficile diarrhea. Orally administered ramoplanin suppresses VRE intestinal colonization, but recurrences after discontinuation of treatment have frequently been observed. We used a mouse model to examine the efficacy of ramoplanin for inhibition of VRE colonization and evaluated the etiology of recurrences of colonization. Eight days of treatment with ramoplanin (100 μg/ml) in drinking water suppressed VRE to undetectable levels, but 100% of mice developed recurrent colonization; a higher dose of 500 μg/ml in water was associated with recurrent colonization in 50% of mice. Two of eight (25%) mice treated with the 100-μg/ml dose of ramoplanin had low levels of VRE in their cecal tissues on day 8 despite undetectable levels in stool and cecal contents. Mice that received prior ramoplanin treatment did not develop VRE overgrowth when challenged with 107 CFU of oral VRE 1, 2, or 4 days later. In communal cages, rapid cross-transmission and overgrowth of VRE was observed among clindamycin-treated mice; ramoplanin treatment effectively suppressed VRE overgrowth in such communal cages. Ramoplanin treatment promoted increased density of indigenous Enterobacteriaceae and overgrowth of an exogenously administered Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate. These results demonstrate the efficacy of ramoplanin for inhibition of VRE colonization and suggest that some recurrences occur due to reexpansion of organisms that persist within the lining of the colon. Ramoplanin treatment may be associated with overgrowth of gram-negative bacilli.

scholarly journals Cadazolid Does Not Promote Intestinal Colonization of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 628-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Seiler ◽  
Michel Enderlin-Paput ◽  
Philippe Pfaff ◽  
Maria Weiss ◽  
Daniel Ritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Clinical Development ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Potential Side Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

ABSTRACTThe promotion of colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) is one potential side effect during treatment ofClostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), resulting from disturbances in gut microbiota. Cadazolid (CDZ) is an investigational antibiotic with potentin vitroactivity againstC. difficileand against VRE and is currently in clinical development for the treatment of CDAD. We report that CDZ treatment did not lead to intestinal VRE overgrowth in mice.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Intestinal Colonization by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci in Mice and Humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 2595-2598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Vidal ◽  
C. Forestier ◽  
N. Charbonnel ◽  
S. Henard ◽  
C. Rabaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Molecular Characterization of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci from Clinical and Surveillance Specimens

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1076-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Young Huh ◽  
Wee Gyo Lee ◽  
Hye Young Jin
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Intestinal Colonization ◽  
Repeat Number ◽  
Icu Stay ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Specimens ◽  
Teaching Facility

Objective:To compare the molecular characteristics of infection-derived (ID) isolates and intestinal colonization–derived (ICD) isolates of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) recovered from hospitalized patients.Design.A 12-month prospective cohort study.Setting.A 1,000-bed teaching facility.Methods.From January through December 2004, a total of 30 pairs ofvanA-containing enterococcal isolates were collected from patients admitted to a teaching hospital in South Korea. Each pair comprised an ID and an ICD VRE isolate from the same patient. All VRE isolates were investigated on the basis ofSmaI-restricted pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern, Tn1546type, and presence of theespgene, including A and C repeat number variation.Results.Members of 19 pairs (63%) of VRE isolates were genetically indistinguishable from each other. The 11 patients for whom the molecular characteristics of the ID isolates differed from those of the ICD isolates had longer durations of hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, compared with the other 19 patients.Conclusions.These findings suggest the longer durations of hospitalization and ICU stay may be possible risk factors for colonization with multiple clones of VRE.

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