Novel allelic profile of the clinical strains of burkholderia pseudomallei on multi locus sequence typing from India

Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonotic disease endemic in Kerala and close monitoring of emerging serovars is essential to adopt appropriate control strategies. Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST) was reported to be less expensive compared to other cumbersome methods like whole genome sequencing. The present study was conducted to obtain isolates of Leptospira from infected animals and rats and for the identification of serovars using MLST. A total of 205 blood samples (dog, cat, cattle, goat), 43 urine samples (dog, cattle) and post-mortem kidney samples from various animals such as dog (n=12), cattle (n=2) and rat (n=25) were collected and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using G1/G2 primers to identify the pathogenic Leptospira. Fifteen samples were found to be positive, these samples when inoculated in the Ellinghausen- McCullough-Johnson-Harris (EMJH) semi-solid medium to obtain ten isolates. These ten isolates were further subjected to secY, icdA and GyraseB PCR and sequenced. The obtained sequences were analysed using BLAST and were fed into specified MLST database of Leptospira scheme-3, the allelic profile and sequence type were generated. The MLST results obtained in the study indicated that the isolates S24 and S33 belonged to serovar Canicola, S40 and 47 were Sejroe and S19, S27, S55, S69 and S71 were Bataviae, Autumnalis, Pomona, Icterohaemorraghiae and Australis, respectively. It was concluded that MLST is a convenient method for identifying leptospiral serovars.

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Multi locus sequence typing of clinical Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates from Malaysia

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0008979 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. e0008979

Author(s):

Revathy Arushothy ◽

Fairuz Amran ◽

Nazirah Samsuddin ◽

Norazah Ahmad ◽

Sheila Nathan

Keyword(s):

Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽

Close Association ◽

Strong Association ◽

Clinical Importance ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Southeast Asian ◽

Multi Locus Sequence Typing ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Allele Variant

Background Melioidosis is a neglected tropical disease with rising global public health and clinical importance. Melioidosis is endemic in Southeast Asia and Northern Australia and is of increasing concern in Malaysia. Despite a number of reported studies from Malaysia, these reports are limited to certain parts of the country and do not provide a cohesive link between epidemiology of melioidosis cases and the nation-wide distribution of the causative agent Burkholderia pseudomallei. Methodology/principle findings Here we report on the distribution of B. pseudomallei sequence types (STs) in Malaysia and how the STs are related to STs globally. We obtained 84 culture-confirmed B. pseudomallei from confirmed septicaemic melioidosis patients from all over Malaysia. Prior to performing Multi Locus Sequence Typing, the isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and detection of the YLF/BTFC genes and BimA allele. Up to 90.5% of the isolates were sensitive to all antimicrobials tested while resistance was observed for antimicrobials typically administered during the eradication stage of treatment. YLF gene cluster and bimABp allele variant were detected in all the isolates. The epidemiological distribution patterns of the Malaysian B. pseudomallei isolates were analysed in silico using phylogenetic tools and compared to Southeast Asian and world-wide isolates. Genotyping of the 84 Malaysian B. pseudomallei isolates revealed 29 different STs of which 6 (7.1%) were novel. ST50 was identified as the group founder followed by subgroup founders ST376, ST211 and ST84. A low-level diversity is noted for the B. pseudomallei isolates described in this study while phylogenetic analysis associated the Malaysian STs to Southeast Asian isolates especially isolates from Thailand. Further analysis also showed a strong association that implicates agriculture and domestication activities as high-risk routes of infection. Conclusions/significance In conclusion, MLST analysis of B. pseudomallei clinical isolates from all states in Malaysia revealed low diversity and a close association to Southeast Asian isolates.

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Multi locus sequence typing of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates from India unveils molecular diversity and confers regional association in Southeast Asia

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0006558 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. e0006558 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Veeraraghavan Balaji ◽

Susmitha Perumalla ◽

Rajamani Perumal ◽

Francis Yesurajan Inbanathan ◽

Suresh Kumar Rajamani Sekar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asia ◽

Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽

Molecular Diversity ◽

Multi Locus Sequence Typing ◽

Regional Association

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Melioidosis in Northeastern State of Malaysia: Spatial Analysis of Cases and Sequence Types

International Journal of Geoinformatics ◽

10.52939/ijg.v17i5.2005 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 35-43

Keyword(s):

Spatial Analysis ◽

Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽

The State ◽

Multi Locus Sequence Typing ◽

Spatial Distributions ◽

The Novel ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Northeastern State ◽

Predominant Variant ◽

Sequence Types

Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei which can be found in water and soil, as well as in animals. This study was carried out to study the spatial distributions of the cases and their sequence types (ST) from the isolates. The cases were taken from the Hospital USM admission records from the years 2014 to 2019. There were 70 cases which from these cases 33 bacterial isolates were included in this study. Multi-locus Sequence Typing (MLST) was performed to the isolates. As the results, six novel STs were discovered. The cases were found to be clustered and concentrated in the northern part of the state. This study had revealed 15 different STs however, the predominant variant, ST371 (n=6) were found to be distributed in a dispersed manner. Meanwhile, the novel STs were found distributed sporadically in few districts of the state.

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Morphologic alterations in bacteroides fragilis following single and combinant beta-lactam exposure

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100143146 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 304-305

Author(s):

Michael P. Goheen ◽

Charles E. Edmiston

Keyword(s):

Bacteroides Fragilis ◽

Synergistic Activity ◽

Beta Lactam ◽

Clinical Strains ◽

Drug Activity ◽

Obligate Anaerobic ◽

Morphologic Changes

The synergistic activity of antimicrobial combinants against aerobic and facultative microorganisms has been well documented. in comparison, few studies have been performed using obligate anaerobic isolates and antimicrobial combinants. For this study clinical strains of Bacteroides fragilis(BF) were selected to investigate both single/combinant drug activity and cellular morphologic changes when BF is exposed to Imipenem (I), Piperacillin (P), Cefpimizole (C), Imipenem/Piperacillin (I+P), and Imipenem/Cefpimizole (I+C).

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