scholarly journals Multi locus sequence typing of Burkholderia pseudomallei isolates from India unveils molecular diversity and confers regional association in Southeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. e0006558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veeraraghavan Balaji ◽  
Susmitha Perumalla ◽  
Rajamani Perumal ◽  
Francis Yesurajan Inbanathan ◽  
Suresh Kumar Rajamani Sekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Multi Locus Sequence Typing ◽  
Regional Association

scholarly journals Melioidosis- Report of Two Cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Biswabikash Mohanty ◽  
◽  
Amitav Rath ◽  
Sidharth Sankar Sahoo ◽  
Sudhir Pattnaik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Cerebral Abscess ◽  
Bacteremic Patient

Melioidosis which is caused by burkholderia pseudomallei occurs predominantly in Southeast Asia. Cases are now being reported from india as well. It can present with varying clinical manifestations like pneumonia, septicemia, arthritis, abscess etc. Neurologic meliodiosis, though rare can occur in upto 3-4% cases. Here we present two cases of melioidosis from Indian subcontinent, one involving central nervous system causing cerebral abscess and second one involving multiple splenic and liver abscess with bacteremia. First patient with cerebral abscess was managed with surgical debridement with antibiotics and discharged in a stable condition after 15 days while the bacteremic patient developed septic shock with mutiorgan failure and succumbed to death after 12 days of treatment

scholarly journals Unravelling the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Diversity among Burkholderia pseudomallei Isolates from South India Using Multi-Locus Sequence Typing

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e0168331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Tellapragada ◽  
Aayushi Kamthan ◽  
Tushar Shaw ◽  
Vandana KE ◽  
Subodh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
South India ◽  
Multi Locus Sequence Typing

scholarly journals Distribution of 18s rDNA variants of Diderma hemisphaericum (Myxomycota) specimens obtained from moist chambers of materials collected in the Philippines and Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
18S Rdna ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Geographic Isolation ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
The Common

Since there are only limited biogeographic studies of myxomycetes in Southeast Asia, this study was conducted to assess the molecular diversity of Diderma hemisphaericum, a cosmopolitan myxomycetes species that abundantly occurs in most moist chamber collections in tropical Southeast Asia. Specimens that contain D. hemisphaericum were gathered from various parts of the Philippines: (i) Los Banos, (ii) Calauan, (iii) Basud, (iv) Isarog and (v) Malilipot; and Vietnam: (i) Thai Nguyen (ii) Ha Noi and (iii) Da Nang. Using modern molecular techniques, the common barcode nuclear marker 18S rDNA for myxomycetes was targeted for the 50 specimen used in this study. A total of 27 ribotypes (11 from the Philippines and 16 from Vietnam) were obtained. The Mantel test showed that genetic differentiation among ribotypes is not correlated with geographic distances. The FST index (0.083) indicates high genetic intermixing between the Philippines and Vietnam. Hence, it seems that the variation across regional scale gene pool is not directly influenced by geographic isolation but rather by environmental selection.

scholarly journals Biogeography and genetic diversity of clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei in Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0009917
Author(s):  
Himali S. Jayasinghearachchi ◽  
Enoka M. Corea ◽  
Kumari I. Jayaratne ◽  
Regina A. Fonseka ◽  
Thilini A. Muthugama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Type A ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of

Background Melioidosis is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei and the disease is endemic in SoutheastAsia and Northern Australia. It has been confirmed as endemic in Sri Lanka. Genomic epidemiology of B. pseudomallei in Sri Lanka is largely unexplored. This study aims to determine the biogeography and genetic diversity of clinical isolates of B. pseudomallei and the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship of Sri Lankan sequence types (STs) to those found in other endemic regions of Southeast Asia and Oceania. Methods The distribution of variably present genetic markers [Burkholderia intracellular motility A (bimA) gene variants bimABP/bimABM, filamentous hemagglutinin 3 (fhaB3), Yersinia-like fimbrial (YLF) and B. thailandensis-like flagellum and chemotaxis (BTFC) gene clusters and lipopolysaccharide O-antigen type A (LPS type A)] was examined among 310 strains. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was done for 84 clinical isolates. The phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship of Sri Lankan STs within Sri Lanka and in relation to those found in other endemic regions of Southeast t Asia and Oceania were studied using e BURST, PHYLOViZ and minimum evolutionary analysis. Results The Sri Lankan B. pseudomallei population contained a large proportion of the rare BTFC Clade (14.5%) and bimABM allele variant (18.5%) with differential geographic distribution. Genotypes fhaB3 and LPSA were found in 80% and 86% respectively. This study reported 43 STs (including 22 novel). e-BURST analysis which include all Sri Lankan STs (71) resulted in four groups, with a large clonal group (group 1) having 46 STs, and 17 singletons. ST1137 was the commonest ST. Several STs were shared with India, Bangladesh and Cambodia. Conclusion This study demonstrates the usefulness of high-resolution molecular typing to locate isolates within the broad geographical boundaries of B. pseudomallei at a global level and reveals that Sri Lankan isolates are intermediate between Southeast Asia and Oceania.

scholarly journals Dangerous bacteria in unexpected locations; Burkholderia pseudomallei and melioidosis in Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Bart J Currie
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Sporadic Cases

There are 25-50 human cases of melioidosis annually in Australia. While the vast majority occur in the tropical north, sporadic cases have been documented from unexpected temperate locations and, each year, several cases are diagnosed in southern hospitals in patients infected in and returned or travelling from northern Australia or southeast Asia.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Patients with Melioidosis Treated with Meropenem

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 1763-1765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen C. Cheng ◽  
Dale A. Fisher ◽  
Nicholas M. Anstey ◽  
Dianne P. Stephens ◽  
Susan P. Jacups ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Selection Bias ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Drug Fever ◽  
Improved Outcomes

ABSTRACT Melioidosis, an infection due to Burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic in southeast Asia and northern Australia. We reviewed our experience with meropenem in the treatment of severe melioidosis in 63 patients over a 6-year period. Outcomes were similar to those of ceftazidime-treated patients (n = 153) despite a deliberate selection bias to more-unwell patients receiving meropenem. The mortality among meropenem-treated patients was 19%. One patient had a possible drug fever associated with the use of meropenem. We conclude that meropenem (1 g or 25 mg/kg every 8 h intravenously for ≥14 days) is an alternative to ceftazidime and imipenem in the treatment of melioidosis. The use of meropenem may be associated with improved outcomes in patients with severe sepsis associated with melioidosis.

scholarly journals Myanmar Burkholderia pseudomallei strains are genetically diverse and originate from Asia with phylogenetic evidence of reintroductions from neighbouring countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Webb ◽  
Mo Mo Win ◽  
Khwar Nyo Zin ◽  
Kyi Kyi Nyein Win ◽  
Thin Thin Wah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Isolates ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Recent Event ◽  
Asian Clade ◽  
Genomic Studies

Abstract Melioidosis was first identified in Myanmar in 1911 but for the last century it has remained largely unreported there. Burkholderia pseudomallei was first isolated from the environment of Myanmar in 2016, confirming continuing endemicity. Recent genomic studies showed that B. pseudomallei originated in Australia and spread to Asia, with phylogenetic evidence of repeated reintroduction of B. pseudomallei across countries bordered by the Mekong River and the Malay Peninsula. We present the first whole-genome sequences of B. pseudomallei isolates from Myanmar: nine clinical and seven environmental isolates. We used large-scale comparative genomics to assess the genetic diversity, phylogeography and potential origins of B. pseudomallei in Myanmar. Global phylogenetics demonstrated that Myanmar isolates group in two distantly related clades that reside in a more ancestral Asian clade with high amounts of genetic diversity. The diversity of B. pseudomallei from Myanmar and divergence within our global phylogeny suggest that the original introduction of B. pseudomallei to Myanmar was not a recent event. Our study provides new insights into global patterns of B. pseudomallei dissemination, most notably the dynamic nature of movement of B. pseudomallei within densely populated Southeast Asia. The role of anthropogenic influences in both ancient and more recent dissemination of B. pseudomallei to Myanmar and elsewhere in Southeast Asia and globally requires further study.

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