Evaluation on the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programme (AMS) in a tertiary hospital

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) situation in Italian hospitals and regions represents a major public health threat [ECDC, 2017]. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs), particularly when based on local epidemiology, have been beneficial in optimizing antibiotic therapy as well as reducing hospital rates of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and AMR [Akpan MR, Antibiotics 2016].. Methods Our ASP program has been conducted at Spedali Civili General Hospital of Brescia, Northern Italy (1300-bed tertiary hospital), between the beginning of 2016 and the end of 2017. A preliminary analysis of local epidemiological data was performed (Table 1). Seven groups (“districts”) were identified according to microbiological and clinical similarities. This was a persuasive-based ASP. First, we trained physicians on general principles of AS, then guidelines for the management of “difficult-to-handle” infections were drafted based on international guidelines and local microbiological data (Table 2).. Results Here we show the results of pre-ASP (2015) vs. post-ASP (2018) analysis on antibiotic consumption (AC) and CDI rates. AC is expressed in DDD/100 bed-days. The overall hospital AC decreased from 84.31 to 76.84 (−9%), consistently with national recommendations [Italian National Plan against AMR, 2017]. In accordance with the local guidelines developed within our ASP, carbapenem consumption decreased from 5.77 to 4.87 (−16%) and fluoroquinolones (FLQ) from 14.45 to 9.94 (−31%). At the same time piperacillin/tazobactam use increased from 5.53 to 8.46 (53%). 3°–4°G cephalosporins and glycopeptides consumption slightly reduced from 11.78 to 11.42 (−3%) and from 4.07 to 3.83 (−6%), respectively. AC of the different districts involved is reported in Table 3. CDI rates decreased from 0.0434/100 bed-days in 2015 to 0.0315/100 bed-days in 2018 (−27%) (Figure 1). Conclusion Our ASP was a persuasive-based program in a setting of high AMR rates. In the short term, it has shown a positive impact in improving AC (in particular of broad-spectrum antibiotics with a high risk of resistance selection and CDI) and CDI rates. Audits for local guidelines adherence and the evaluation of AC, AMR and CDI rates are ongoing as long-term quality measures for assessing the impact of our ASP. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Defining the Scope of Antimicrobial Stewardship Interventions on the Prescription Quality of Antibiotics for Surgical Intra-Abdominal Infections

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10010073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Güzin Surat ◽

Ulrich Vogel ◽

Armin Wiegering ◽

Christoph-Thomas Germer ◽

Johan Friso Lock

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Baseline Period ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Significant Decline ◽

Wound Complications ◽

Postoperative Therapy ◽

Days Of Therapy ◽

Abdominal Infections ◽

The Impact

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of antimicrobial stewardship interventions on surgical antibiotic prescription behavior in the management of non-elective surgical intra-abdominal infections, focusing on postoperative antibiotic use, including the appropriateness of indications. Methods: A single-center quality improvement study with retrospective evaluation of the impact of antimicrobial stewardship measures on optimizing antibacterial use in intra-abdominal infections requiring emergency surgery was performed. The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Germany from January 1, 2016, to January 30, 2020, three years after putting a set of antimicrobial stewardship standards into effect. Results: 767 patients were analyzed (n = 495 in 2016 and 2017, the baseline period; n = 272 in 2018, the antimicrobial stewardship period). The total days of therapy per 100 patient days declined from 47.0 to 42.2 days (p = 0.035). The rate of patients receiving postoperative therapy decreased from 56.8% to 45.2% (p = 0.002), comparing both periods. There was a significant decline in the rate of inappropriate indications (17.4% to 8.1 %, p = 0.015) as well as a significant change from broad-spectrum to narrow-spectrum antibiotic use (28.8% to 6.5%, p ≤ 0.001) for postoperative therapy. The significant decline in antibiotic use did not affect either clinical outcomes or the rate of postoperative wound complications. Conclusions: Postoperative antibiotic use for intra-abdominal infections could be significantly reduced by antimicrobial stewardship interventions. The identification of inappropriate indications remains a key target for antimicrobial stewardship programs.

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Impact of removing ESBL designation from culture reports on the selection of antibiotics for the treatment of infections associated with ESBL-producing organisms

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.46 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 604-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark D. Lesher ◽

Cory M. Hale ◽

Dona S. S. Wijetunge ◽

Matt R. England ◽

Debra S. Myers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

The Impact ◽

Inhibitor Combination ◽

Lactamase Inhibitor ◽

Selection Of

AbstractWe characterized the impact of removal of the ESBL designation from microbiology reports on inpatient antibiotic prescribing. Definitive prescribing of carbapenems decreased from 48.4% to 16.1% (P = .01) and β-lactam–β-lactamase inhibitor combination increased from 19.4% to 61.3% (P = .002). Our findings confirm the importance of collaboration between microbiology and antimicrobial stewardship programs.

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229. Hospitalists Antimicrobial Scorecard Improves Antibiotic Prescribing at a Community Teaching Hospital

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.273 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S116-S116

Author(s):

Julia Sessa ◽

Helen Jacoby ◽

Bruce Blain ◽

Lisa Avery

Keyword(s):

Patient Care ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Rank Order ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Outpatient Setting ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Full Time ◽

Days Of Therapy ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Measuring antimicrobial consumption data is a foundation of antimicrobial stewardship programs. There is data to support antimicrobial scorecard utilization to improve antibiotic use in the outpatient setting. There is a lack of data on the impact of an antimicrobial scorecard for hospitalists. Our objective was to improve antibiotic prescribing amongst the hospitalist service through the development of an antimicrobial scorecard. Methods Conducted in a 451-bed teaching hospital amongst 22 full time hospitalists. The antimicrobial scorecard for 2019 was distributed in two phases. In October 2019, baseline antibiotic prescribing data (January – September 2019) was distributed. In January 2020, a second scorecard was distributed (October – December 2019) to assess the impact of the scorecard. The scorecard distributed via e-mail to physicians included: Antibiotic days of therapy/1,000 patient care days (corrected for attending census), route of antibiotic prescribing (% intravenous (IV) vs % oral (PO)) and percentage of patients prescribed piperacillin-tazobactam (PT) for greater than 3 days. Hospitalists received their data in rank order amongst their peers. Along with the antimicrobial scorecard, recommendations from the antimicrobial stewardship team were included for hospitalists to improve their antibiotic prescribing for these initiatives. Hospitalists demographics (years of practice and gender) were collected. Descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze pre and post data. Results Sixteen (16) out of 22 (73%) hospitalists improved their antibiotic prescribing from pre- to post-scorecard (χ 2(1)=3.68, p = 0.055). The median antibiotic days of therapy/1,000 patient care days decreased from 661 pre-scorecard to 618 post-scorecard (p = 0.043). The median PT use greater than 3 days also decreased significantly, from 18% pre-scorecard to 11% post-scorecard (p = 0.0025). There was no change in % of IV antibiotic prescribing and no correlation between years of experience or gender to antibiotic prescribing. Conclusion Providing antimicrobial scorecards to our hospitalist service resulted in a significant decrease in antibiotic days of therapy/1,000 patient care days and PT prescribing beyond 3 days. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Impact of a 4-year antimicrobial stewardship program implemented in a Greek tertiary hospital

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1007/s10096-021-04290-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Konstantina Chrysou ◽

Olympia Zarkotou ◽

Sofia Kalofolia ◽

Panagiota Papagiannakopoulou ◽

Vasiliki Mamali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship Program ◽

Stewardship Program

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152. Applying A Difference-in-Difference Analysis to Assess Effect of Antimicrobial Stewardship Strategies on Changes in Antimicrobial Use

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.197 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S86-S86

Author(s):

Ann F Chou ◽

Yue Zhang ◽

Makoto M Jones ◽

Christopher J Graber ◽

Matthew B Goetz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Clinical Pharmacist ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Feedback Mechanism ◽

Health Care Facilities ◽

Antimicrobial Use ◽

Time Points ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background About 30–50% of inpatient antimicrobial therapy is sub-optimal. Health care facilities have utilized various antimicrobial stewardship (AS) strategies to optimize appropriate antimicrobial use, improve health outcomes, and promote patient safety. However, little evidence exists to assess relationships between AS strategies and antimicrobial use. This study examined the impact of changes in AS strategies on antimicrobial use over time. Methods This study used data from the Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare Analysis & Informatics Group (HAIG) AS survey, administered at 130 VA facilities in 2012 and 2015, and antimicrobial utilization from VA Corporate Data Warehouse. Four AS strategies were examined: having an AS team, feedback mechanism on antimicrobial use, infectious diseases (ID) attending physicians, and clinical pharmacist on wards. Change in AS strategies were computed by taking the difference in the presence of a given strategy in a facility between 2012–2015. The outcome was the difference between antimicrobial use per 1000 patient days in 2012–2013 and 2015–2016. Employing multiple regression analysis, changes in antimicrobial use was estimated as a function of changes in AS strategies, controlling for ID human resources in and organizational complexity. Results Of the 4 strategies, only change in availability of AS teams had an impact on antimicrobial use. Compared to facilities with no AS teams at both time points, antibiotic use decreased by 63.9 uses per 1000 patient days in facilities that did not have a AS team in 2012 but implemented one in 2015 (p=0.0183). Facilities that had an AS team at both time points decreased use by 62.2 per 1000 patient days (p=0.0324). Conclusion The findings showed that AS teams reduced inpatient antibiotic use over time. While changes in having feedback on antimicrobial use and clinical pharmacist on wards showed reduced antimicrobial use between 2012–2015, the differences were not statistically significant. These strategies may already be a part of a comprehensive AS program and employed by AS teams. In further development of stewardship programs within healthcare organizations, the association between AS teams and antibiotic use should inform program design and implementation. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Handshake antimicrobial stewardship as a model to recognize and prevent diagnostic errors

Diagnosis ◽

10.1515/dx-2020-0032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Justin B. Searns ◽

Manon C. Williams ◽

Christine E. MacBrayne ◽

Ann L. Wirtz ◽

Jan E. Leonard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Interrater Reliability ◽

Diagnostic Errors ◽

Diagnostic Error ◽

Primary Treatment ◽

Treatment Team ◽

Children's Hospital ◽

Children’S Hospital ◽

The Impact ◽

Made In

AbstractObjectivesFew studies describe the impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) on recognizing and preventing diagnostic errors. Handshake stewardship (HS-ASP) is a novel ASP model that prospectively reviews hospital-wide antimicrobial usage with recommendations made in person to treatment teams. The purpose of this study was to determine if HS-ASP could identify and intervene on potential diagnostic errors for children hospitalized at a quaternary care children’s hospital.MethodsPreviously self-identified “Great Catch” (GC) interventions by the Children’s Hospital Colorado HS-ASP team from 10/2014 through 5/2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Each GC was categorized based on the types of recommendations from HS-ASP, including if any diagnostic recommendations were made to the treatment team. Each GC was independently scored using the “Safer Dx Instrument” to determine presence of diagnostic error based on a previously determined cut-off score of ≤1.50. Interrater reliability for the instrument was measured using a randomized subset of one third of GCs.ResultsDuring the study period, there were 162 GC interventions. Of these, 65 (40%) included diagnostic recommendations by HS-ASP and 19 (12%) had a Safer Dx Score of ≤1.50, (Κ=0.44; moderate agreement). Of those GCs associated with diagnostic errors, the HS-ASP team made a diagnostic recommendation to the primary treatment team 95% of the time.ConclusionsHandshake stewardship has the potential to identify and intervene on diagnostic errors for hospitalized children.

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Implementation of a Rapid Phenotypic Susceptibility Platform for Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections With Paired Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention: Is the Juice Worth the Squeeze?

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciab126 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Evan D Robinson ◽

Allison M Stilwell ◽

April E Attai ◽

Lindsay E Donohue ◽

Megan D Shah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Median Time ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

A Priori ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Stewardship Program ◽

Days Of Therapy ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Implementation of the Accelerate PhenoTM Gram-negative platform (RDT) paired with antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) intervention projects to improve time to institutional-preferred antimicrobial therapy (IPT) for Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) bloodstream infections (BSIs). However, few data describe the impact of discrepant RDT results from standard of care (SOC) methods on antimicrobial prescribing. Methods A single-center, pre-/post-intervention study of consecutive, nonduplicate blood cultures for adult inpatients with GNB BSI following combined RDT + ASP intervention was performed. The primary outcome was time to IPT. An a priori definition of IPT was utilized to limit bias and to allow for an assessment of the impact of discrepant RDT results with the SOC reference standard. Results Five hundred fourteen patients (PRE 264; POST 250) were included. Median time to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results decreased 29.4 hours (P < .001) post-intervention, and median time to IPT was reduced by 21.2 hours (P < .001). Utilization (days of therapy [DOTs]/1000 days present) of broad-spectrum agents decreased (PRE 655.2 vs POST 585.8; P = .043) and narrow-spectrum beta-lactams increased (69.1 vs 141.7; P < .001). Discrepant results occurred in 69/250 (28%) post-intervention episodes, resulting in incorrect ASP recommendations in 10/69 (14%). No differences in clinical outcomes were observed. Conclusions While implementation of a phenotypic RDT + ASP can improve time to IPT, close coordination with Clinical Microbiology and continued ASP follow up are needed to optimize therapy. Although uncommon, the potential for erroneous ASP recommendations to de-escalate to inactive therapy following RDT results warrants further investigation.

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1138. Script for Pediatrics: Creating a Smartphone Application to Improve Antimicrobial Prescribing

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S405-S405

Author(s):

Sarah Primhak ◽

Natasha Pool ◽

Gayl Humphrey ◽

Lesley Voss ◽

Rachel H Webb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Smartphone Application ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Antibiotic Allergy ◽

Alternative Agent ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background When considering antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions, pediatrics is an important and often overlooked group. By 5 years of age, 97% of New Zealand (NZ) children have received antibiotics (median 8 antibiotic courses/child). Prescribing is complex due to age and weight-based adjustments, unpalatable oral preparations and inappropriate allergy labeling. Our tertiary Children’s Hospital has >250 web-based nationally utilized guidelines, 15% including antimicrobials. A point prevalence audit showed only 63% guideline adherence for inpatient antimicrobial prescriptions. We designed an accessible app to bring antibiotic prescribing and antibiotic allergy decision-making to prescribers at point of care. Methods Using local hospital and community guidelines, the national formulary and in consultation with subspecialist teams, 31 algorithms were developed. Each algorithm asked questions including diagnosis, age, antibiotic allergy history and known colonization with-resistant organisms. Results The smartphone app (Script) uses the algorithms to advise on appropriate antimicrobial, dose, route and duration of treatment. Advice regarding IV-oral switch parameters and oral antibiotic choice is provided. If allergy is suspected symptom-based decision-making enables the user to choose an alternative agent or encourages allergy de-labeling. Further AMS occurs in some algorithms when advice is given not to prescribe antimicrobials. Conclusion Script for Pediatrics launched in NZ in March 2019 with >1000 users in the first 6 weeks. The most frequently accessed guidelines are otitis media, pneumonia and meningitis. Smartphone applications with local relevance and the ability to update in real-time may prove important tools, by providing easily accessible and intuitive advice to help support antimicrobial stewardship activities. This intervention has been rapidly adopted by pediatric hospital prescribers. The impact on prescribing in concordance with guidelines, timely intravenous to oral antibiotic switch and allergy de-labeling will be assessed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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