1138. Script for Pediatrics: Creating a Smartphone Application to Improve Antimicrobial Prescribing

Abstract Background When considering antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) interventions, pediatrics is an important and often overlooked group. By 5 years of age, 97% of New Zealand (NZ) children have received antibiotics (median 8 antibiotic courses/child). Prescribing is complex due to age and weight-based adjustments, unpalatable oral preparations and inappropriate allergy labeling. Our tertiary Children’s Hospital has >250 web-based nationally utilized guidelines, 15% including antimicrobials. A point prevalence audit showed only 63% guideline adherence for inpatient antimicrobial prescriptions. We designed an accessible app to bring antibiotic prescribing and antibiotic allergy decision-making to prescribers at point of care. Methods Using local hospital and community guidelines, the national formulary and in consultation with subspecialist teams, 31 algorithms were developed. Each algorithm asked questions including diagnosis, age, antibiotic allergy history and known colonization with-resistant organisms. Results The smartphone app (Script) uses the algorithms to advise on appropriate antimicrobial, dose, route and duration of treatment. Advice regarding IV-oral switch parameters and oral antibiotic choice is provided. If allergy is suspected symptom-based decision-making enables the user to choose an alternative agent or encourages allergy de-labeling. Further AMS occurs in some algorithms when advice is given not to prescribe antimicrobials. Conclusion Script for Pediatrics launched in NZ in March 2019 with >1000 users in the first 6 weeks. The most frequently accessed guidelines are otitis media, pneumonia and meningitis. Smartphone applications with local relevance and the ability to update in real-time may prove important tools, by providing easily accessible and intuitive advice to help support antimicrobial stewardship activities. This intervention has been rapidly adopted by pediatric hospital prescribers. The impact on prescribing in concordance with guidelines, timely intravenous to oral antibiotic switch and allergy de-labeling will be assessed. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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131. A Pharmacist Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Pilot at Discharge Improves Outpatient Antibiotic Utilization

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofab466.333 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S178-S178

Author(s):

Kayla Hiryak ◽

Geena Kludjian ◽

Jason C Gallagher ◽

Marissa Cavaretta

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Academic Medical Center ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Acceptance Rate ◽

Transitions Of Care ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Oral Antibiotic ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Research Support ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs has been well observed in institutional settings; however, patients complete over one-third of their antibiotic course after discharge. This creates a gap in stewardship efforts at transitions of care. We studied whether pharmacist review of antibiotic prescriptions at discharge would improve outpatient antibiotic prescribing. Methods This was a pilot project of patients in medicine wards of an academic medical center who were discharged on oral antibiotics between February and May 2021. Patients who were pregnant, <18 YO, had COVID-19, or leaving against medical advice were excluded from evaluation. For the pilot, a verification queue was created in the electronic health record (EHR) system where orders for discharge antibiotics were reviewed by investigator pharmacists before prescriptions were electronically sent to outpatient pharmacies. During the pilot, prescriptions were reviewed Monday-Friday afternoons from 12pm-4pm. Data was collected on incidence, type, and acceptance rate of pharmacist interventions, and a cost savings analysis was conducted with values calculated by the EHR system. Results There were 149 patients included with oral antibiotic prescriptions reviewed during the time frame. Of those patients, 48 (32.2%) had at least one prescription that was intervened on by a pharmacist. A total of 55 interventions were made with an acceptance rate of 76%. The median time for pharmacist review was 10 minutes (IQR 5-15). Patients who received infectious diseases (ID) consultation during admission required less intervention than patients without expert consultation but did not reach significance (8/35 and 47/114 respectively, p=0.07). The total cost savings associated with all interventions was &20,743.00. Table 1. Interventions Conclusion Direct pharmacist review and intervention at discharge improved the prescribing of oral antibiotics within our institution during this pilot. Considering that this was conducted part-time in a subset of hospitalized patients during a limited time period, significant cost savings are possible with greater implementation. Disclosures Jason C. Gallagher, PharmD, FIDP, FCCP, FIDSA, BCPS, Astellas (Consultant, Speaker’s Bureau)Merck (Consultant, Grant/Research Support, Speaker’s Bureau)Qpex (Consultant)scPharmaceuticals (Consultant)Shionogi (Consultant) Jason C. Gallagher, PharmD, FIDP, FCCP, FIDSA, BCPS, Astellas (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Speakers’ bureau; Merck (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant, Grant/Research Support; Nabriva: Consultant; Qpex (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant; Shionogi (Individual(s) Involved: Self): Consultant Marissa Cavaretta, PharmD, Merck (Grant/Research Support)

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Impact of removing ESBL designation from culture reports on the selection of antibiotics for the treatment of infections associated with ESBL-producing organisms

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.46 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 604-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mark D. Lesher ◽

Cory M. Hale ◽

Dona S. S. Wijetunge ◽

Matt R. England ◽

Debra S. Myers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

The Impact ◽

Inhibitor Combination ◽

Lactamase Inhibitor ◽

Selection Of

AbstractWe characterized the impact of removal of the ESBL designation from microbiology reports on inpatient antibiotic prescribing. Definitive prescribing of carbapenems decreased from 48.4% to 16.1% (P = .01) and β-lactam–β-lactamase inhibitor combination increased from 19.4% to 61.3% (P = .002). Our findings confirm the importance of collaboration between microbiology and antimicrobial stewardship programs.

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229. Hospitalists Antimicrobial Scorecard Improves Antibiotic Prescribing at a Community Teaching Hospital

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.273 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S116-S116

Author(s):

Julia Sessa ◽

Helen Jacoby ◽

Bruce Blain ◽

Lisa Avery

Keyword(s):

Patient Care ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Rank Order ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Outpatient Setting ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Full Time ◽

Days Of Therapy ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Measuring antimicrobial consumption data is a foundation of antimicrobial stewardship programs. There is data to support antimicrobial scorecard utilization to improve antibiotic use in the outpatient setting. There is a lack of data on the impact of an antimicrobial scorecard for hospitalists. Our objective was to improve antibiotic prescribing amongst the hospitalist service through the development of an antimicrobial scorecard. Methods Conducted in a 451-bed teaching hospital amongst 22 full time hospitalists. The antimicrobial scorecard for 2019 was distributed in two phases. In October 2019, baseline antibiotic prescribing data (January – September 2019) was distributed. In January 2020, a second scorecard was distributed (October – December 2019) to assess the impact of the scorecard. The scorecard distributed via e-mail to physicians included: Antibiotic days of therapy/1,000 patient care days (corrected for attending census), route of antibiotic prescribing (% intravenous (IV) vs % oral (PO)) and percentage of patients prescribed piperacillin-tazobactam (PT) for greater than 3 days. Hospitalists received their data in rank order amongst their peers. Along with the antimicrobial scorecard, recommendations from the antimicrobial stewardship team were included for hospitalists to improve their antibiotic prescribing for these initiatives. Hospitalists demographics (years of practice and gender) were collected. Descriptive statistics were utilized to analyze pre and post data. Results Sixteen (16) out of 22 (73%) hospitalists improved their antibiotic prescribing from pre- to post-scorecard (χ 2(1)=3.68, p = 0.055). The median antibiotic days of therapy/1,000 patient care days decreased from 661 pre-scorecard to 618 post-scorecard (p = 0.043). The median PT use greater than 3 days also decreased significantly, from 18% pre-scorecard to 11% post-scorecard (p = 0.0025). There was no change in % of IV antibiotic prescribing and no correlation between years of experience or gender to antibiotic prescribing. Conclusion Providing antimicrobial scorecards to our hospitalist service resulted in a significant decrease in antibiotic days of therapy/1,000 patient care days and PT prescribing beyond 3 days. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Development of an Electronic Algorithm to Target Outpatient Antimicrobial Stewardship Efforts for Acute Bronchitis

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2020.510 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s32-s32

Author(s):

Ebbing Lautenbach ◽

Keith Hamilton ◽

Robert Grundmeier ◽

Melinda Neuhauser ◽

Lauri Hicks ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Gold Standard ◽

Chart Review ◽

Acute Bronchitis ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Diagnostic Codes ◽

Icd 10 ◽

The Impact

Background: Antibiotic resistance has increased at alarming rates, driven predominantly by antibiotic overuse. Although most antibiotic use occurs in outpatients, antimicrobial stewardship programs have primarily focused on inpatient settings. A major challenge for outpatient stewardship is the lack of accurate and accessible electronic data to target interventions. We sought to develop and validate an electronic algorithm to identify inappropriate antibiotic use for outpatients with acute bronchitis. Methods: This study was conducted within the University of Pennsylvania Health System (UPHS). We used ICD-10 diagnostic codes to identify encounters for acute bronchitis at any outpatient UPHS practice between March 15, 2017, and March 14, 2018. Exclusion criteria included underlying immunocompromising condition, other comorbidity influencing the need for antibiotics (eg, emphysema), or ICD-10 code at the same visit for a concurrent infection (eg, sinusitis). We randomly selected 300 (150 from academic practices and 150 from nonacademic practices) eligible subjects for detailed chart abstraction that assessed patient demographics and practice and prescriber characteristics. Appropriateness of antibiotic use based on chart review served as the gold standard for assessment of the electronic algorithm. Because antibiotic use is not indicated for this study population, appropriateness was assessed based upon whether an antibiotic was prescribed or not. Results: Of 300 subjects, median age was 61 years (interquartile range, 50–68), 62% were women, 74% were seen in internal medicine (vs family medicine) practices, and 75% were seen by a physician (vs an advanced practice provider). On chart review, 167 (56%) subjects received an antibiotic. Of these subjects, 1 had documented concern for pertussis and 4 had excluding conditions for which there were no ICD-10 codes. One received an antibiotic prescription for a planned dental procedure. Thus, based on chart review, 161 (54%) subjects received antibiotics inappropriately. Using the electronic algorithm based on diagnostic codes, underlying and concurrent conditions, and prescribing data, the number of subjects with inappropriate prescribing was 170 (56%) because 3 subjects had antibiotic prescribing not noted based on chart review. The test characteristics of the electronic algorithm (compared to gold standard chart review) for identification of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing were the following: sensitivity, 100% (161 of 161); specificity, 94% (130 of 139); positive predictive value, 95% (161 of 170); and negative predictive value, 100% (130 of 130). Conclusions: For outpatients with acute bronchitis, an electronic algorithm for identification of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is highly accurate. This algorithm could be used to efficiently assess prescribing among practices and individual clinicians. The impact of interventions based on this algorithm should be tested in future studies.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

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An Assessment of Inappropriate Antibiotic Use and Guideline Adherence for Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofy198 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Michael J Durkin ◽

Matthew Keller ◽

Anne M Butler ◽

Jennie H Kwon ◽

Erik R Dubberke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Emergency Department Visits ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Prescribing Practices ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Minimal Impact ◽

Tract Infections ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background In 2011, The Infectious Diseases Society of America released a clinical practice guideline (CPG) that recommended short-course antibiotic therapy and avoidance of fluoroquinolones for uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs). Recommendations from this CPG were rapidly disseminated to clinicians via review articles, UpToDate, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website; however, it is unclear if this CPG had an impact on national antibiotic prescribing practices. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of outpatient and emergency department visits within a commercial insurance database between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013. We included nonpregnant women aged 18–44 years who had an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis code for a UTI with a concurrent antibiotic prescription. We performed interrupted time series analyses to determine the impact of the CPG on the appropriateness of the antibiotic agent and duration. Results We identified 654 432 women diagnosed with UTI. The patient population was young (mean age, 31 years) and had few comorbidities. Fluoroquinolones, nonfirstline agents, were the most commonly prescribed antibiotic class both before and after release of the guidelines (45% vs 42%). Wide variation was observed in the duration of treatment, with >75% of prescriptions written for nonrecommended treatment durations. The CPG had minimal impact on antibiotic prescribing behavior by providers. Conclusions Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is common for the treatment of UTIs. The CPG was not associated with a clinically meaningful change in national antibiotic prescribing practices for UTIs. Further interventions are necessary to improve outpatient antibiotic prescribing for UTIs.

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Grading the Impact of a Standardized Β Lactam Antibiotic Allergy Assessment Protocol for Treatment Decisions: An Antimicrobial Stewardship Target

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofx163.592 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. S268-S268

Author(s):

Kanizeh Hernandez ◽

Stephen Maynard ◽

Ryan Chapin ◽

Monica V Mahoney ◽

Timothy Lax ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Treatment Decisions ◽

Assessment Protocol ◽

Antibiotic Allergy ◽

Lactam Antibiotic ◽

The Impact

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Antimicrobial prescribing for hospital-acquired pneumonia

British Journal of Hospital Medicine ◽

10.12968/hmed.2019.0325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Tim Felton ◽

Dan Wootton

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

High Quality ◽

Antimicrobial Prescribing ◽

High Quality Evidence ◽

Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Hospital Acquired ◽

The Impact ◽

Inform Decision Making ◽

Quality Evidence

The impact of hospital-acquired pneumonia and the pressure to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing has lead to the publication of prescribing guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. This editorial gives an overview of the guidelines and emphasises the need for more high-quality evidence to inform decision making in this group of patients.

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1043. Love Thy Steward – Who Does Not Love Antimicrobial Stewardship?

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.907 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S367-S368

Author(s):

Aamir S Kazi ◽

Sarah Sansom ◽

Christy Varughese ◽

Hayley A Hodgson ◽

Sarah Y Won

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Service Providers ◽

Medical Center ◽

General Medicine ◽

Immunocompromised Host ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Alternative Communication ◽

Physician Perception ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The impact of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) depends on physician perception of antimicrobial stewardship and institutional antibiotic prescribing culture. At Rush University Medical Center (RUMC), we conducted an antimicrobial stewardship study targeting inpatient levofloxacin (FQ) use and assessed rates of implementation of recommendations (IORs) by general medicine (GM), vs. surgical services (SS) (general surgery, urology, orthopedics and neurosurgery), vs. transplant surgery-immunocompromised host (T-ICH) teams when made by either infectious disease pharmacists (IDPharmD) or infectious disease fellows (IDMDF). Methods Between August 13, 2018 and January 15, 2019 at RUMC, IDPharmDs reviewed 251 inpatients on FQ, and made ASP recommendations on 36 (14%) that were communicated via telephone. No scripted discussion or note was utilized. From January 15, 2019 to April 19, 2019, an IDMDF reviewed 207 inpatients on FQ, and made ASP recommendations on 47 (22%). IDMDF’s recommendations were communicated via a scripted discussion describing the role of ASP, highlighting the importance of optimizing FQ use due to toxicity, low rates of RUMC’s FQ susceptibilities and to decrease rates of resistance. Telephone recommendations were made to the primary team house staff or attending followed by a templated electronic note left in the medical chart. Rates of IORs were assessed during each period and by each group. Results In 20 out of 83 recommendations (24%), no antibiotic was indicated (Figure 1). GM teams had the highest overall (IDPharmD + IDMDF) IOR (76%), compared with 40% IOR for both SS and T-ICH groups. For all groups, the scripted IDMDF recommendations had higher IOR compared with the nonscripted IDPharmD recommendations (GM 89% vs. 61%; SS 50% vs. 29%; T-ICH 50% vs. 0%). Conclusion ASP interventions using scripted discussions and notes by an IDMDF were more effective than nonscripted IDPharmD interventions across all service lines. Both interventions were less successful with SS or T-ICH compared with GM services. These findings demonstrate the need for further research to understand the importance of scripted vs. nonscripted communication methods by pharmacists and ID physicians, and to develop alternative communication models for nongeneral medicine service providers. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Assessing the uptake and effectiveness of a quick reference guide to antibiotic prescribing in Australian general practice

Australian Journal of Primary Health ◽

10.1071/py15182 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 565 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Angus Thompson ◽

Patrick O'Sullivan ◽

Elisabeth Banham ◽

Greg Peterson

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

General Practice ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Antibiotic Prescribing ◽

Duration Of Treatment ◽

Reference Guide ◽

Treatment Dose ◽

Dosing Frequency ◽

Australian General Practice ◽

Prescribing Practice

Prescribing guidelines are an essential component of antimicrobial stewardship programs in Australian hospitals. Nonetheless, the majority of antibiotic prescribing occurs in the community and the effectiveness of guidelines developed specifically to meet the needs of Australian general practice is unknown. This study aims to assess the uptake and effectiveness of a quick reference guide to antibiotic prescribing among primary care prescribers. A quick reference guide to antibiotic prescribing was developed and prescribers in five Tasmanian practices were surveyed regarding use of this guide. Thirty-three surveys were returned and, of those answering specific sections, 75% were aware of the guide and 71% had used it within the last month. The guide affected the antibiotic prescribing practice of 74% of responding prescribers; most often on choice of antibiotic; but also on duration of treatment, dose and dosing frequency. A quick reference guide to antibiotic prescribing was well received by prescribers and may usefully support efforts to improve antimicrobial stewardship in the community.

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Perception and Usage of Point of Care Devices: A Cross-sectional Study Targeting Residents and Trainers in Oman

Oman Medical Journal ◽

10.5001/omj.2021.06 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. e213-e213

Author(s):

Amna Al Harrasi ◽

Laila Mohammed Al Mbeihsi ◽

Abdulhakeem Al Rawahi ◽

Mohammed Al Shafaee

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Clinical Decision Making ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Clinical Decision ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mobile Technologies ◽

Handheld Devices ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Objectives: The use of mobile technologies and handheld computers by physicians has increased worldwide. However, there are limited studies globally regarding training physicians on the use of such devices in clinical practice. In addition, no studies have been conducted previously in Oman addressing this issue among postgraduate medical trainees and trainers. The present study explores the practice and perception of resident doctors and trainers towards the use of mobile technologies and handheld devices in healthcare settings in Oman. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using a validated questionnaire disseminated via email to all residents and trainers in five major training programs of the Oman Medical Specialty Board (OMSB). The questionnaire explored three main areas; perception, usage, and perceived barriers of handheld devices. Results: Overall, 61.4% of the residents and 28.3% of the trainers responded to the questionnaire. Both types of participants agreed that the use of such devices positively affects clinical decision-making. In total, 98.8% of the participating residents and 86.7% of the trainers frequently used handheld devices. Both OMSB residents and trainers agreed that lack of time, training, and applications were the most common factors limiting the use of these devices. Participants emphasized the need for constructive training regarding the use of handheld devices as healthcare resources. Conclusions: Point-of-care devices are positively perceived and frequently used by OMSB trainees and trainers. However, constructive training on the effective usage of these devices in clinical decision-making is needed. Further future studies to evaluate the impact of using such devices in patient care should be conducted.

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