Less than full-time training in surgery: A cross sectional study of surgical trainees

The healthcare policy changes need to be updated for better management of the COVID-19 outbreak; hence, there is an urgent need to understand the knowledge and preparedness of healthcare workers regarding the infection control COVID-19. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the knowledge and preparedness towards COVID-19 among dentists, undergraduate, and postgraduates in dental universities one year after the COVID-19 outbreak. The multi-centric cross-sectional study was conducted by evaluating 395 structured, pre-coded, and validated questionnaires obtained from sample units comprising full-time dental students (undergraduates, interns, and postgraduates) and dentists who were currently in practice and who were able to comprehend the languages English or Arabic. The first part of the questionnaire included questions related to demographic characteristics. The second part of the survey consisted of questions that address knowledge concerning COVID-19. The third part of the survey addressed questions based on the preparedness to fight against COVID-19 including sharp injuries during this period. Comparing the knowledge scores of dentists, dental undergraduates, and postgraduates using the ANOVA test, dentists have higher knowledge and preparedness scores than postgraduates and undergraduates (p-value < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that undergraduates and postgraduates were 2.567 and 1.352 times less aware of the personal protective measures against COVID-19 than dentists, respectively. Dentists had the comparatively better perception in knowledge and awareness of COVID-19 than undergraduates and postgraduates.

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Commitment to protective measures during COVID-19 pandemic in Syria: a nationwide cross-sectional study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1140688/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mosa Shibani ◽

Mhd Amin Alzabibi ◽

Abdul Fattah Mohandes ◽

Humam Armashi ◽

Tamim Alsuliman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preventive Measures ◽

Community Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Full Time ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Protective Measures ◽

Financial Status ◽

The World

Abstract Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 continues to impose itself on all populations of the world. Given the slow pace of vaccination in the developing world and the absence of effective treatments, adherence to precautionary infection control measures remains the best way to prevent the COVID-19 pandemic from spiraling out of control. In this study, we aim to evaluate the extent to which the Syrian population adheres to these measures and analyze the relationship between demographic variables and adherence. Methods This cross-sectional study took place in Syria between January 17 and March 17, 2021. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The questionnaire was distributed in both electronic and printed versions. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS v.25. The chi-square test was used to address the correlation between adherence and demographic variables. Results Of the 10083 reached out, only (74.6%) responded. Of them, 4026 (53.5%) were women, 3984 (52.9%) were single, and 1908 (25.3%) had earned university degrees. 5286 (70.25) were classified as the good adherers to protective measures. Statistically significant differences across age, sex, marital status, financial status, employment, and educational attainment when correlated against commitment to preventive measures. Young age, female sex, good financial status, and having a full-time job and post-graduate education were positively correlated to the stronger commitment to preventive measures. Furthermore, those who believed that COVID-19 poses a major risk to them or society were more committed to preventive measures than those who did not. Conclusion The participants in this study generally showed a high level of adherence to the preventive measures compared to participants in other studies from around the world, with some concerns regarding risk perception and the sources of information they depend on. Public health and community education efforts should focus on maintaining, if not expanding, this level of commitment, which would mitigate the pandemic’s impact on Syrian society.

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Robotic Surgery in Surgical Training: A Cross-sectional Study of Pan-Specialty Surgical Trainees

Journal of the American College of Surgeons ◽

10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2021.07.475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 233 (5) ◽

pp. S230

Author(s):

Christine A. Fleming ◽

Joshua Burke

Keyword(s):

Robotic Surgery ◽

Surgical Training ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Surgical Trainees

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Association between teleworking frequency and work functioning impairment: a nationwide cross-sectional study of Japanese full-time employees

10.1101/2021.11.04.21265947 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Satoshi Yamashita ◽

Tomohiro Ishimaru ◽

Tomohisa Nagata ◽

Seiichiro Tateishi ◽

Ayako Hino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Influencing Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Full Time ◽

Work Functioning ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Japanese Workers ◽

Commuting Time ◽

The Impact ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Objective: We examined the impact of teleworking frequency, including influencing factors and work functioning impairment. Methods: This online cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire among 27,036 full-time Japanese workers. We used the Work Functioning Impairment Scale to measure work functioning impairment and performed multilevel logistic regression analysis. Results: We observed higher odds for work functioning impairment among employees who teleworked 4 or more days a week compared with those almost never teleworked: odds ratio (OR) 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.3. After adjusting for influencing factors (teleworking preference, changes in working time, and commuting time), there was no significant association between teleworking frequency and work functioning impairment (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.82-1.05). Conclusions: Frequent telework may cause work functioning impairment; this can be explained by the impact of influencing factors.

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Knowledge of Sepsis in Nursing Students—A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182312443 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (23) ◽

pp. 12443

Author(s):

Gloria Valičević ◽

Adriano Friganović ◽

Biljana Kurtović ◽

Cecilija Rotim ◽

Sanja Ledinski Fičko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Core Curriculum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Full Time ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Undergraduate Nursing Students ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Undergraduate Nursing ◽

Future Work

Background: Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an unregulated host response to infection. The emphasis is on the imbalance of homeostasis and the response to infection, as well as mortality and the importance of recognizing sepsis as early as possible. The knowledge of undergraduate nursing students is an extremely important indicator for future work in the healthcare system after graduation. The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of knowledge about sepsis among undergraduate nursing students and to compare differences in different years of study, as well as differences in their study model. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 618 nursing students at the University of Applied Health Sciences in Zagreb, Croatia. All three years of study and both full-time and part-time (employed) nursing students were included. The questionnaire “Determinants of Sepsis Knowledge” was used in the research. Results: The percentage and number of third-year students who correctly answered the items on Knowledge of Sepsis were statistically significant compared to the first two years of study. The percentage and number of employed students who responded correctly to the items on Knowledge of Sepsis were statistically significant compared to students who were not employed. Conclusions: The ability of nursing students to recognize and respond to the deterioration in a patient’s condition due to sepsis is very important, so appropriate education about sepsis is essential. We recommend a greater representation of sepsis content in the core curriculum of nursing students’ education in terms of theoretical instruction and clinical and simulation exercises.

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Resilience, Self-Perceived Burden, Social Support and Their Correlation in Cancer Patients – A Cross-Sectional Study in China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-93144/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zhifu Yu ◽

Tingting Zuo ◽

Guichun Jiang ◽

Qiang Zhang ◽

Shuang Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Household Income ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Full Time ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Burden ◽

Treatment Type

Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to explore resilience, self-perceived burden, social support and their correlation in patients with malignant tumors and provide evidence for clinical intervention.Methods: A multi-center cross-sectional study was performed in China. All the participants completed a questionnaire including sociodemographic information. Resilience, patients’ perceptions of burden on their caregivers and the level of social support were evaluated. Results: A total of 439 cancer patients were analyzed in our study. The level of resilience differed significantly by education grade, employment status, insurance type, household income per year, and treatment type. Patients with no job, rural residents, those with lower household income and those holding new rural cooperative medical scheme (NRCMS) insurance had higher SPB score, with statistical significance. Patients who underwent higher education, those with a full-time job, were married, with higher household income and urban employee's basic medical insurance (UEBMI) had higher social support. Social support was found to be highly related to resilience. Resilience was negatively correlated with emotional burden, and the emotional and physical burden and social support strongly influenced resilience. Path analysis found that social support played an intermediary role in the process of SPB affecting resilience.Conclusion: The resilience status of cancer patients was low and was affected by the self-burden level through social support. The study reminded us that improving the resilience level by education to improve the social support of cancer patients will improve the quality of life patients.

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Sleep, sedentary behavior and physical activity: changes on children’s routine during the COVID-19

Revista Brasileira de Atividade Física & Saúde ◽

10.12820/rbafs.25e0143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Luís Carlos Barbosa Silva ◽

Cinthya Rafaella Magalhães da Nóbrega Noaves ◽

Ronaldo Alexandre de Lima Júnior ◽

Bruno Barbosa Giudicelli ◽

Arnaldo Tenório da Cunha Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Full Time ◽

Time Increase ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Transmission Speed

Social isolation was adopted as a strategy to reduce the transmission speed of the severe acute respiratory syndrome of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in several countries in the world, including Brazil. As a result, schools were closed and the routines of children altered, affecting sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity. The present study aims to compare the children’s weekly routine and time spent on sleep, sedentary behavior and physical activity before and during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. A cross-sectional study with a quantitative and qualitative approach was performed, with 120 parents, mothers or guardians of children from 5 to 10 years of age of both sexes enrolled in 5 full-time schools in Arapiraca, Alagoas, Brazil. To meet the research objective, two interviews were conducted between 27 May and 5 June, out addressing aspects of sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the analysis of quantitative data, the paired sample t test was performed, while for qualitative data, discourse analysis was used. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in the routine and in sleep time (increase 10%) and screen time (increase 36%) before vs during the COVID-19 pandemic, on weekdays and weekends. There was also a reduction in the practice of physical activity (54%). Therefore, the findings indicate that behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic could be harmful to children’s health and that the school may be an important social environment to protect children from exposure to these behaviors.

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Industry and workplace characteristics associated with the downloading of a COVID-19 contact tracing app in Japan: a nation-wide cross-sectional study

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12199-021-01016-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tomohiro Ishimaru ◽

Koki Ibayashi ◽

Masako Nagata ◽

Ayako Hino ◽

Seiichiro Tateishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Manufacturing Industry ◽

Online Survey ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Contact Tracing ◽

Company Size ◽

Full Time ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Permanent Employees

Abstract Background To combat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), many countries have used contact tracing apps, including Japan’s voluntary-use contact-confirming application (COCOA). The current study aimed to identify industry and workplace characteristics associated with the downloading of this COVID-19 contact tracing app. Methods This cross-sectional study of full-time workers used an online survey. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations of industry and workplace characteristics with contact tracing app use. Results Of the 27,036 participants, 25.1% had downloaded the COCOA. Workers in the public service (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–1.45) and information technology (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.20–1.58) industries were more likely to use the app than were those in the manufacturing industry. In contrast, app usage was less common among workers in the retail and wholesale (aOR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.76–0.99) and food/beverage (aOR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.70–0.94) industries, but further adjustment for company size attenuated these associations. Workers at larger companies were more likely to use the app. Compared with permanent employees, the odds of using the app were higher for managers and civil servants but lower for those who were self-employed. Conclusions Downloading of COCOA among Japanese workers was insufficient; thus, the mitigating effect of COCOA on the COVID-19 pandemic is considered to be limited. One possible reason for the under-implementation of the contact tracing app in the retail and wholesale and food/beverage industries is small company size, as suggested by the fully adjusted model results. An awareness campaign should be conducted to promote the widespread use of the contact tracing app in these industries.

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Factors Associated with Time Spent Performing Housework/Childcare by Fathers of Children Aged Under 12 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study in Japan

Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal ◽

10.31372/20200503.1111 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 153-164

Author(s):

Rina Matsubara ◽

Naoko Hikita ◽

Megumi Haruna ◽

Emi Sasagawa ◽

Kaori Yonezawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Relationships ◽

Online Survey ◽

Setting Time ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Full Time ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Independent Variables

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the factors associated with time spent performing housework/childcare by fathers of children under 12 years of age (preschool and elementary school children) in Japan. Methods: An online survey of employees and employers was conducted in 2017. Of the 7,796 total responses to the survey, those of 621 fathers of children aged 0–12 years were analyzed. Participants were divided into two groups: fathers of children aged 0–6 years, and fathers of children aged 7–12 years. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed on the items for which there was a significant intergroup difference, setting time spent performing housework as the dependent variable and the survey items as the independent variables. Results: For fathers of children aged 0–6 years, working 40 hours or less per week and commuting for one hour or less were associated with more time spent performing housework/childcare. For fathers of children aged 7–12 years, working less than 40 hours a week, working from home more than once a week, and having spouses with full-time jobs were associated with more time spent performing housework/childcare. Conclusion: This study revealed the factors associated with the time spent by fathers of children under 12 in performing housework/childcare. As several of these factors cannot be altered by the fathers’ efforts alone, companies and society in general must endeavor to improve work styles to better suit the habits and preferences of fathers. This will promote work–life balance and create better family relationships.

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