Milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn.) achene yield had a positive response to nitrogen fertilization, row spacing, sowing date, and weed control methods

2020 ◽  
pp. 113104
Author(s):  
Stanisław Bielski
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Silybum Marianum

scholarly journals Influence of irrigation and row spacing on the growth, seed yield and active substance of milk thistle (Silybum marianum)

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Karimzedah ◽  
R. Omidbaigi ◽  
Bakhshai D.
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Suitable Amount ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Active Substances

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn) has been used in medicine since ancient times, but it has been cultivated as a medicinal plant only in recent decades. The ripe fruit of milk thistle contains flavonoids, which are used to prepare anti-hepatotoxic drugs. The main purpose of this study was to substantiate the effects of irrigation and row spacing on growth, seed yield and the content of active substances (silybin and silymarin) in milk thistle. The results showed that the suitable amount of irrigation was 20 mm and the appropriate row spacing was 25 cm.  

scholarly journals Changes in productivity and yield components in four field crops sown on damaged by frost crops of winter oilseed canola

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delchev Grozi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Foliar Treatment ◽  
Chickpea Cultivar

During 2016 - 2018 was conducted a field experiment. On areas with damaged by frost winter oilseed canola, were sowed and 4 field crops: 1 chickpea cultivar - Kabule (Cicer arietinum L.); 1 forage pea cultivar - Mir (Pisum sativum L.); 1 milk thistle cultivar - Silmar (Silybum marianum Gaertn.); 1 coriander cultivar - Lozen (Coriandrum sativum L.). The same variants were planted on areas under conventional soil cultivation for each of these crops. After plowing of canola crops, it is more appropriate to sow chickpea in which weed control is carried out by soil treatment with herbicide Merlin flex, followed by foliar treatment with herbicide tank mixture Challenge + Shadow. After plowing areas with damaged by frost winter oilseed canola without any problems can be sown forage pea. Milk thistle and coriander are suitable crops for sowing on areas after damaged by frost winter oilseed canola. The differences in productivities and yield components of chickpea, forage pea, milk thistle and coriander, sown on damaged by frost areas of winter oilseed canola and in normal sowing, are small and mathematically unproven.

INFLUENCE OF INTER-ROW SPACING AND WEED CONTROL METHODS IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogeal (L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
J. A. ADIGUN ◽  
O. R. ADEYEMI ◽  
S. T. O., LAGOKE ◽  
P. M. OLORUNMAIYE ◽  
O. S. DARAMOLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Main Plot

Weed competition has been identified as one of the major obstacles in crop production. The produc-tion of groundnut is limited by high weed infestation resulting in yield losses ranging from 50 - 80% in Nigeria. Hence, the need to evaluate integrated weed control in its production. Field trials were there-fore conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (7o 20’ N, 30 23’ E) to evaluate the influence of inter-row spacing and weed control methods on growth and yield of groundnut during the wet seasons in 2009 and 2010. The experiment was a Randomised Complete Design (RCBD) laid out in a split plot with three replications. The main plot treatment con-sisted of three inter-row spacings of 60 cm, 75 cm and 90 cm while the subplots included five weed control treatments of commercial formulation of metolachlor plus promethyne mixture (codal) at 1.0 kg a.i/ha, codal at 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by supplementary hoe weeding at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), codal at 2 kg a.i./ha, hoe weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS and a weedy check. Inter-row spacings of 60 cm and 75 cm reduced weed growth with consequent higher yields compared to the inter-row spacings of 90 cm in the early season of 2009. Application of codal at 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by supplementary hoe weeding at 6 WAS combined with 60cm inter-row spacing gave effective weed control and higher groundnut pod yield than hoe-weeded control in both years of experimentation.

Effect of Row Spacing on Weed Control in Soybeans

Weed Science ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Wax ◽  
J. W. Pendleton
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
Soybean Yield ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Triiodobenzoic Acid

Field studies were conducted over a 2-year period at Urbana, Illinois, to evaluate soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr., var. Harosoy 63 and Wayne) and weed yields as influenced by row spacing, variety, weed control methods, and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (hereinafter referred to as TIBA). Soybean yield increased and weed yield decreased as row spacing was decreased. Compared to the yield from 40-inch rows, soybean yield increase was 10, 18, and 20% for 30, 20, and 10-inch rows, respectively. Both cultivation and applications of a,a,a-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) controlled annual grass weeds at all row spacings. Cultivation controlled broadleaf weeds at all row spacings. Some broadleaf weeds, unaffected by trifluralin, made sufficient growth to impair soybean yields in wide rows but not in narrow rows.

scholarly journals Effect of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars, Row Spacing and Weed Control Methods on Root Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 198-208
Author(s):  
El Sayed Hasan Mohamed Fa ◽  
Saber Abdel Hamed El Mowafy ◽  
Mohamed Elbakry Saleh ◽  
Fares Soliman Mohame Salama
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Control Methods

The pathogen of Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) in the Czech Republic

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 538-544
Author(s):  
Ivana Safrankova ◽  
Kolackova P ◽  
Rutivckova G
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Medicinal Herb ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
The Czech Republic

Milk thistle is grown in the Czech Republic as a medicinal herb; silymarin is isolated from its achenes and used for the production of liver and gallbladder medicine. The quality and content of the active compound is influenced not only by environmental factors, but also by pests and pathogens. The occurrence of pests of milk thistle variety Silyb was observed in two localities during the years 2011 2013. In the year 2011 the mycoflora of seeds of four milk thistle varieties was determined. Representatives of 15 species were isolated from the seeds, most of them saprophytic. 21 fungal species were isolated and identified from milk thistle plants during the vegetation; Septoria silybi among the most important ones. Possibilities of protection of milt thistle against pathogens are discussed.

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