Mental disorders in Spanish university students: Prevalence, age-of-onset, severe role impairment and mental health treatment.

2020 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 604-613
Author(s):  
Laura Ballester ◽  
Itxaso Alayo ◽  
Gemma Vilagut ◽  
José Almenara ◽  
Ana Isabel Cebrià ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Role Impairment

Suicidality and Treatment Experience Among Young People Who Inject Drugs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ellen Mackesy-Amiti ◽  
Lawrence J. Ouellet
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
The Past

Background. We examined correlates of past year suicidal thoughts and behavior (STB) and described past year treatment experiences among young people who inject drugs (PWID). Methods. Participants were 570 adults (18-25 years) who injected primarily heroin. Interviews were conducted at field stations operated by Community Outreach Intervention Projects in Chicago, Illinois (USA). Interviewers administered the Psychiatric Research Instrument for Substance and Mental Disorders. Substance use and mental disorders were based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Past year STB was based on multiple questions. Results. Sixteen percent of men and 25% of women reported STB in the past year. In multivariable analysis, STB was associated with non-heterosexual orientation, foster care, and being raised by two parents. Primary major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, other anxiety disorders, and borderline personality disorder had independent effects on suicidality. Among those reporting past year STB (n=111), 83% ever received mental health treatment, while 44% did so in the past year. While 24% of respondents indicated that at least one treatment matched their needs very well, 30% reported treatment that did not match their needs at all. The most common reason for ending treatment was program completion (about 50%) while getting better was endorsed by about 25%. Nearly half reported ending treatment due to a bad experience, logistical issues, or expense. Conclusions. Young PWID are at high risk for suicidal behavior and their mental health treatment experiences often do not meet their needs. There is a pressing need for more integrated substance use and mental health treatment.

scholarly journals Mental Health Treatment Among Soldiers With Current Mental Disorders in the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Service Members (Army STARRS)

2015 ◽  
Vol 180 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa J. Colpe ◽  
James A. Naifeh ◽  
Pablo A. Aliaga ◽  
Nancy A. Sampson ◽  
Steven G. Heeringa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Health Treatment

The epidemiology of blood-injection-injury phobia

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. JOSEPH BIENVENU ◽  
WILLIAM W. EATON
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
General Health ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Injection Injury ◽  
Blood Injection ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Blood Injection Injury Phobia

Background. We report the prevalence, clinical characteristics, frequency of mental health treatment, demographic correlates, frequency of co-morbid psychiatric conditions, and general health ramifications of DSM-IV blood-injection-injury phobia in the general population.Method. The Diagnostic Interview Schedule (version III-R), which included questions on blood-injection-injury phobia, was administered to 1920 subjects in the Baltimore ECA Follow-up Study.Results. The estimated unweighted lifetime prevalence of blood-injection-injury phobia was 3·5%. The median age of onset was 5·5 years; 78% had had symptoms within the last 6 months. Subjects with blood-injection-injury phobia (cases) had higher lifetime histories of fainting and seizures than those without (non-cases). None reported seeking mental health treatment specifically for phobia. Prevalences were lower in the elderly and higher in females and persons with less education. Cases had significantly higher than expected lifetime prevalences of other psychiatric conditions, including marijuana abuse/dependence, major depression, obsessive–compulsive disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia and other simple phobia. Cases and non-cases did not differ with regard to usual health-care settings, regular care for specific medical conditions, numbers of out-patient visits or hospitalizations, or previous general anaesthesia or live births. However, diabetics with blood-injection-injury phobia had higher than expected rates of macrovascular complications.Conclusion. Blood-injection-injury phobia is common, especially in females and those with less education, and it is associated with several co-morbid psychiatric conditions. No strong, broad general health ramifications of this phobia are apparent. However, diabetics with this phobia appear at particular risk for complications; this deserves further study.

scholarly journals Does Having a Chronic Physical Condition Affect the Likelihood of Treatment Seeking for a Mental Health Problem and Does This Vary by Ethnicity?

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Scott ◽  
J. Kokaua ◽  
J. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Ethnic Subgroups ◽  
Chronic Physical Conditions

Objective: The comorbidity of mental disorders with chronic physical conditions is known to have important clinical consequences, but it is not known whether mental-physical comorbidity influences mental health treatment seeking. This study investigates whether the presence of a chronic physical condition influences the likelihood of seeking treatment for a mental health problem, and whether that varies among ethnic subgroups in New Zealand. Methods: Analyses were based on a subsample ( n = 7,435) of The New Zealand Mental Health Survey, a nationally representative household survey of adults (response rate 73.3%). Ethnic subgroups (Maori and Pacific peoples) were oversampled. DSM-IV mental disorders were measured face-to-face with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). Ascertainment of chronic physical conditions was via self-report. Results: In the general population, having a chronic medical condition increased the likelihood of seeking mental health treatment from a general practitioner (OR: 1.58), as did having a chronic pain condition (OR: 2.03). Comorbid chronic medical conditions increased the likelihood of seeking mental health treatment most strongly among Pacific peoples (ORs: 2.86–4.23), despite their being less likely (relative to other ethnic groups) to seek mental health treatment in the absence of physical condition comorbidity. Conclusion: In this first investigation of this topic, this study finds that chronic physical condition comorbidity increases the likelihood of seeking treatment for mental health problems. This provides reassurance to clinicians and health service planners that the difficult clinical problem of mental-physical comorbidity is not further compounded by the comorbidity itself constituting a barrier to mental health treatment seeking.

scholarly journals Proportion of patients without mental disorders being treated in mental health services worldwide

2015 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronny Bruffaerts ◽  
Jose Posada-Villa ◽  
Ali Obaid Al-Hamzawi ◽  
Oye Gureje ◽  
Yueqin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundPrevious research suggests that many people receiving mental health treatment do not meet criteria for a mental disorder but are rather ‘the worried well’.AimsTo examine the association of past-year mental health treatment with DSM-IV disorders.MethodThe World Health Organization's World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys interviewed community samples of adults in 23 countries (n = 62 305) about DSM-IV disorders and treatment in the past 12 months for problems with emotions, alcohol or drugs.ResultsRoughly half (52%) of people who received treatment met criteria for a past-year DSM-IV disorder, an additional 18% for a lifetime disorder and an additional 13% for other indicators of need (multiple subthreshold disorders, recent stressors or suicidal behaviours). Dose–response associations were found between number of indicators of need and treatment.ConclusionsThe vast majority of treatment in the WMH countries goes to patients with mental disorders or other problems expected to benefit from treatment.

HIV-Associated Dementia: A Clinician's Guide to Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Intervention

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 333-345
Author(s):  
Stephan L. Buckingham ◽  
Wilfred G. Van Gorp
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
Research Findings

HIV-associated dementia is the most common neuropsychiatric problem found among persons infected with HIV. The authors review the research findings on HIV-associated dementia and discuss the pattern of cognitive changes characteristic of this disorder. An overview of the various organic mental disorders found in HIV-infected individuals and how they can be detected and differentiated from other neuropsychiatric illnesses, specifically HIV-associated dementia, is provided. This article provides the clinician with information necessary to detect HIV-associated dementia early, make a correct differential diagnosis, and provide the most effective mental health treatment services for this patient population.

Components of the Economic Burden of Serious Mental Illness in the US

US Neurology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R Insel ◽  
Michael Schoenbaum ◽  
Philip S Wang ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Us

Mental disorders impose considerable socioeconomic costs due to their episodic/chronic nature, their relatively early ages at onset, and the highly disabling nature of inadequately treated mental illness. Despite substantial increases in the volume of mental health treatment for disorders in the past two decades, particularly pharmacotherapies, the level of morbidity and mortality from these disorders does not appear to have changed substantially over this period. Improving outcomes will require the development and use of more efficacious treatments for mental disorders. Likewise, implementation of cost-effective strategies to improve the quality of existing care for these disabling conditions is required.

scholarly journals Barriers to mental health treatment: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1303-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Andrade ◽  
J. Alonso ◽  
Z. Mneimneh ◽  
J. E. Wells ◽  
A. Al-Hamzawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Structural Barriers ◽  
Health Treatment ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Attitudinal Barriers ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
World Mental Health

BackgroundTo examine barriers to initiation and continuation of mental health treatment among individuals with common mental disorders.MethodData were from the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. Representative household samples were interviewed face to face in 24 countries. Reasons to initiate and continue treatment were examined in a subsample (n = 636 78) and analyzed at different levels of clinical severity.ResultsAmong those with a DSM-IV disorder in the past 12 months, low perceived need was the most common reason for not initiating treatment and more common among moderate and mild than severe cases. Women and younger people with disorders were more likely to recognize a need for treatment. A desire to handle the problem on one's own was the most common barrier among respondents with a disorder who perceived a need for treatment (63.8%). Attitudinal barriers were much more important than structural barriers to both initiating and continuing treatment. However, attitudinal barriers dominated for mild-moderate cases and structural barriers for severe cases. Perceived ineffectiveness of treatment was the most commonly reported reason for treatment drop-out (39.3%), followed by negative experiences with treatment providers (26.9% of respondents with severe disorders).ConclusionsLow perceived need and attitudinal barriers are the major barriers to seeking and staying in treatment among individuals with common mental disorders worldwide. Apart from targeting structural barriers, mainly in countries with poor resources, increasing population mental health literacy is an important endeavor worldwide.

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