Associations of childhood abuse and combat exposure with suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in U.S. military veterans: a nationally representative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 276 ◽  
pp. 1102-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Nichter ◽  
Melanie Hill ◽  
Sonya Norman ◽  
Moira Haller ◽  
Robert H. Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Military Veterans ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Nationally Representative

A twin study of genetic and environmental influences on suicidality in men

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. FU ◽  
A. C. HEATH ◽  
K. K. BUCHOLZ ◽  
E. C. NELSON ◽  
A. L. GLOWINSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Conduct Disorder ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Childhood Conduct

Background. Previous studies that have examined genetic influences on suicidal behaviour were confounded by genetic vulnerability for psychiatric risk factors. The present study examines genetic influences on suicidality (i.e. suicidal ideation and/or suicide attempt) after controlling for the inheritance of psychiatric disorders.Methods. Sociodemographics, combat exposure, lifetime DSM-III-R major depression, bipolar disorder, childhood conduct disorder, adult antisocial personality disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, drug dependence, alcohol dependence and lifetime suicidal ideation and attempt were assessed in 3372 twin pairs from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry who were assessed in 1987 and 1992. Genetic risk factors for suicidality were examined in a multinomial logistic regression model. Additive genetic, shared environmental and non-shared environmental effects on suicidality were estimated using structural equation modelling, controlling for other risk factors.Results. The prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt were 16·1% and 2·4% respectively. In a multinomial regression model, co-twin’s suicidality, being white, unemployment, being other than married, medium combat exposure and psychiatric disorders were significant predictors for suicidal ideation. Co-twin’s suicidality, unemployment, marital disruption, low education attainment and psychiatric disorders (except childhood conduct disorder) were significant predictors for suicide attempt. Model-fitting suggested that suicidal ideation was influenced by additive genetic (36%) and non-shared environmental (64%) effects, while suicide attempt was affected by additive genetic (17%), shared environmental (19%) and non-shared environmental (64%) effects.Conclusions. There may be a genetic susceptibility specific to both suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in men, which is not explained by the inheritance of common psychiatric disorders.

scholarly journals What differentiates prisoners who attempt suicide from those who experience suicidal ideation? A nationally representative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Favril
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objective: Many people who think about suicide do not engage in suicidal behavior. Identifying risk factors implicated in the process of behavioral enaction is crucial for suicide prevention, particularly in high-risk groups such as incarcerated offenders. Method: Cross-sectional data were drawn from a nationally representative sample of 17,891 prisoners (79% men) in the United States. We compared prisoners who attempted suicide (n = 2496) with those who thought about suicide but never made an attempt (n = 1716) on a range of established risk factors. Results: More than half (59%) of participants who experienced suicidal ideation had also attempted suicide. Violent offending, trauma, brain injury, alcohol abuse, and certain mental disorders independently distinguished attempters from ideators. Conclusion: Our results fit within recent ideation-to-action theories that emphasize the role of a capability for suicide in the transition from thoughts to acts of suicide.

scholarly journals Association between sensory impairment and suicidal ideation and attempt: a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative English household data

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e043179
Author(s):  
Maitri Khurana ◽  
Natalie Shoham ◽  
Claudia Cooper ◽  
Alexandra Laura Pitman
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sensory Impairment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sensory Impairments ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectivesSensory impairments are associated with worse mental health and poorer quality of life, but few studies have investigated whether sensory impairment is associated with suicidal behaviour in a population sample. We investigated whether visual and hearing impairments were associated with suicidal ideation and attempt.DesignNational cross-sectional study.SettingHouseholds in England.ParticipantsWe analysed data for 7546 household residents in England, aged 16 and over from the 2014 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey.ExposuresSensory impairment (either visual or hearing), Dual sensory impairment (visual and hearing), visual impairment, hearing impairment.Primary outcomeSuicidal ideation and suicide attempt in the past year.ResultsPeople with visual or hearing sensory impairments had twice the odds of past-year suicidal ideation (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.17 to 2.73; p<0.001), and over three times the odds of reporting past-year suicide attempt (OR 3.12; 95% CI 1.57 to 6.20; p=0.001) compared with people without these impairments. Similar results were found for hearing and visual impairments separately and co-occurring.ConclusionsWe found evidence that individuals with sensory impairments are more likely to have thought about or attempted suicide in the past year than individuals without.

Attachment Organization in Suicide Prevention Research

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Venta ◽  
Carla Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Harm

Background: Identifying risk factors for suicide-related thoughts and behaviors (SRTB) is essential among adolescents in whom SRTB remain a leading cause of death. Although many risk factors have already been identified, influential theories now suggest that the domain of interpersonal relationships may play a critical role in the emergence of SRTB. Because attachment has long been seen as the foundation of interpersonal functioning, we suggest that attachment insecurity warrants attention as a risk factor for SRTB. Aims: This study sought to explore relations between attachment organization and suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and self-harm in an inpatient adolescent sample, controlling for demographic and psychopathological covariates. Method: We recruited 194 adolescents from an inpatient unit and assigned them to one of four attachment groups (secure, preoccupied, dismissing, or disorganized attachment). Interview and self-report measures were used to create four variables reflecting the presence or absence of suicidal ideation in the last year, single lifetime suicide attempt, multiple lifetime suicide attempts, and lifetime self-harm. Results: Chi-square and regression analyses did not reveal significant relations between attachment organization and SRTB, although findings did confirm previously established relations between psychopathology and SRTB, such that internalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm, suicide ideation, and suicide attempt and externalizing disorder was associated with increased self-harm. Conclusion: The severity of this sample and methodological differences from previous studies may explain the nonsignificant findings. Nonsignificant findings may indicate that the relation between attachment organization and SRTB is moderated by other factors that should be explored in future research.

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