Dynamical regional activity in putamen distinguishes bipolar type I depression and unipolar depression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuping Sun ◽  
Zhening Liu ◽  
Zebin Fan ◽  
Jing Zuo ◽  
Chang Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Type I ◽  
Regional Activity ◽  
Bipolar Type

Bipolar Type I Disorder in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Syaiful Fadilah ◽  
Fatimah Haniman
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Type I ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Clinical Area ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Type ◽  
Dsm Iv

Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents is a clinical disorder that causes publicmental health problems that need attention. In the last decade, bipolar disorder in children andadolescents has become a trendy field, both in the clinical area and in research, especially interms of diagnosis, which is still controversial. The controversy that remains is whether it ispossible to diagnose bipolar disorder in prepubertal children. Based on the DSM-IV-TRdiagnostic criteria, the prevalence of the bipolar disorder in children scarce rare.Epidemiological studies report the lifetime prevalence of bipolar I and II disorders in lateadolescence is about 1 per cent. Various studies in a large population have shown aprevalence rate of 0.1% -2%. The onset of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents is oftenaccompanied by a more severe disease course, compared to bipolar disorder with onset inadulthood. This case report presents a case of bipolar 1 in children accompanied bycomprehensive management.

Psychosocial Treatment for Bipolar Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (S3) ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
Noreen Reilly-Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Collaborative Care ◽  
Medication Compliance ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Mood Stabilizer ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Psychoeducational Intervention ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bipolar Type ◽  
Social Rhythm

Medication is the mainstay of treatment for bipolar disorder. However, no medication will be effective if patients do not take it, and the rates of medication compliance in bipolar disorder are very low. Johnson and McFarland found that the modal length of compliance with a mood stabilizer was only 2 months. Keck and colleagues found that 50% to 66% of patients with bipolar disorder exhibit poor compliance within the first 12 months of treatment. In addition, even with adequate medication compliance, high rates of relapse persist.Adjunctive psychosocial treatments can help reduce relapse and provide patients as well as their families with tools to manage bipolar disorder more effectively. Several forms of intensive psychotherapy have shown promise for the treatment of bipolar disorder. In the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder, Miklowitz and colleagues compared three forms of intensive interventions: cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, and family-focused treatment. These were compared to a brief, 3-session psychoeducational intervention known as collaborative care. A total of 293 depressed patients with bipolar type I or type II disorder were treated with protocol pharmacotherapy and were randomly assigned to either one of the three intensive interventions or the brief psychoeducational intervention.The three intensive interventions provided up to 30 sessions of treatment over a 9-month period. The collaborative care intervention consisted of three sessions administered over a 6-week period. The authors found that patients who received one of the intensive interventions had a median time to recovery 110 days earlier than patients who had received the collaborative care conditions. Patients who received one of the three intensive psychotherapies also had significantly higher year-end recovery rates, and are more than 1 to 1.5 times more likely to be clinically well during any study month. No statistically significant differences were found between the 3 intensive treatments.

Neuroanatomical correlates of genetic risk for bipolar disorder: A voxel-based morphometry study in bipolar type I patients and healthy first degree relatives

2015 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aybala Sarıçiçek ◽  
Nefize Yalın ◽  
Ceren Hıdıroğlu ◽  
Berrin Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Cumhur Taş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Type I ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Bipolar Type

Viruslike particles in cells associated with sensilla in head appendages of a dytiscid beetle

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Y. Zacharuk ◽  
E. S. Leung ◽  
J. C. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cells ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Dense Core ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Icosahedral Clusters ◽  
Dense Shell ◽  
Bipolar Type ◽  
Viruslike Particles ◽  
Diving Beetle

Two types of viruslike particles (VLP) were noted in the cytoplasm of cells associated with sensilla on the antennae and labial palps of the diving beetle Graphoderus occidentalis Horn. The most common "hollow" particle was 30–32 nm in diameter with an electron-dense shell about 8 nm thick and, in some cases, a dense core granule about 5.6 nm in diameter. These VLP were always tightly packed in orderly arrays in apparently icosahedral clusters. Such clusters occurred in the perikarya of multiterminal type II neurons and glial cells in the labial nerves, bipolar type I neurons and inner sheath cells of mechano- and chemo-sensilla on both appendages, adjacent epidermal cells, and an axon from an antennal sensillum. A second type of VLP was dense-cored and about 22 nm in diameter. This type was scattered individually or in loose, unordered clusters in a type I sensillar neuron. Both VLP types were closely associated with ribosomes. Some minor cytopathic changes in the contents of cells containing VLP, and the occurrence of VLP as manifestations of physiological stress rather than as infective virions, are discussed.

Sensitivity and specificity of the Italian version of the bipolar spectrum diagnostic scale. Different scores in distinct populations with unipolar depression

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S333-S333
Author(s):  
D. Piacentino ◽  
P. Girardi ◽  
K.G.D. Md ◽  
L. Sanna ◽  
I. Pacchiarotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bipolar Spectrum ◽  
Italian Version ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Major Depressive Episodes ◽  
Depressive Episodes

IntroductionTo date, the proposition of recurrence as a subclinical bipolar disorder feature has not received adequate testing.Objectives/AimsWe used the Italian version of the bipolar spectrum diagnostic scale (BSDS), a self-rated questionnaire of bipolar risk, in a sample of patients with mood disorders to test its specificity and sensitivity in identifying cases and discriminating between high risk for bipolar disorder major depressive patients (HRU) and low risk (LRU) adopting as a high recurrence cut-off five or more lifetime major depressive episodes.MethodsWe included 115 patients with DSM-5 bipolar disorder (69 type I, 41 type II, and 5 NOS) and 58 with major depressive disorder (29 HRU and 29 LRU, based on the recurrence criterion). Patients filled-out the Italian version of the BSDS, which is currently undergoing a validation process.ResultsThe BSDS, adopting a threshold of 14, had 84% sensitivity and 76% specificity. HRU, as predicted, scored on the BSDS intermediate between LRU and bipolar disorder. Clinical characteristics of HRU were more similar to bipolar disorder than to LRU; HRU, like bipolar disorder patients, had more lifetime hospitalizations, higher suicidal ideation and attempt numbers, and higher rates of family history of suicide.ConclusionsThe BSDS showed satisfactory sensitivity and sensitivity. Splitting the unipolar sample into HRU and LRU, on the basis of the at least 5 lifetime major depressive episodes criterion, yielded distinct unipolar subpopulations that differ on outcome measures and BSDS scores.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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