Altered gene expression of the innate immune, neuroendocrine, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) systems is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder in military personnel

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 9-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Guardado ◽  
Anlys Olivera ◽  
Heather L. Rusch ◽  
Michael Roy ◽  
Christiana Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Altered Gene

scholarly journals Excessive daytime sleepiness is associated with altered gene expression in military personnel and veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: an RNA sequencing study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra L Pattinson ◽  
Vivian A Guedes ◽  
Katie Edwards ◽  
Sara Mithani ◽  
Sijung Yun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Gene Dysregulation ◽  
And Function

Abstract Study Objectives Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common condition for military personnel and veterans. PTSD has been shown to impact gene expression, however, to date no study has examined comorbid conditions which may also impact gene expression, for example, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). As such, this study sought to examine gene expression using RNA sequencing across three group comparisons of military personnel and veterans: (1) PTSD with EDS (PTSDwEDS) versus PTSD without EDS (PTSDw/outEDS), (2) Controls (no PTSD or EDS) versus PTSDwEDS, and (3) Controls versus PTSDw/outEDS. Methods We performed experimental RNA-seq using Illumina’s HiSeq 2500 Sequencing System. We also used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), a bioinformatics application, to identify gene pathways and networks which may be disrupted. Results There were only two genes that were significantly dysregulated between the Controls and PTSDw/outEDS, therefore IPA analysis was not conducted. However, comparisons revealed that there was significant gene dysregulation between Controls and the PTSDwEDS (251 genes), and the PTSDwEDS versus the PTSDw/outEDS (1,873 genes) groups. Four candidate networks were identified via the IPA software for analysis. Significantly dysregulated genes across the four candidate networks were associated with sleep and circadian function, metabolism, mitochondrial production and function, ubiquitination, and the glutamate system. Conclusions These results suggest that PTSD with concurrent EDS is associated with gene dysregulation. This dysregulation may present additional biological and health consequences for these military personnel and veterans. Further research, to track these gene changes over time and to determine the cause of the EDS reported, is vital.

scholarly journals Differential DNA Methylation is associated with Hippocampal Abnormalities in Pediatric Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Ensink ◽  
Taylor Keding ◽  
Peter Henneman ◽  
Andrea Venema ◽  
Ligia Papale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Dutch Cohort

Abstract Recent findings in neuroimaging and epigenetics offer important insights into brain structures and biological pathways of altered gene expression associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, it is unknown to what extent epigenetic mechanisms are associated with PTSD and its neurobiology in youth. Therefore, we combine genome-wide epigenetic and structural neuroimaging measures in a Dutch cohort of youth with PTSD (ages 8-18 years). We aimed to replicate findings in a similar independent American cohort. We found significant methylome-wide associations for pediatric PTSD (FDR p<0.05) compared to non-PTSD control groups (traumatized and non-traumatized youth). Methylation differences on 9 genes were replicated, including genes related to glucocorticoid functioning. In both cohorts, methylation on OLFM3 gene was further associated with anterior hippocampal volume. These findings point to molecular pathways involved in inflammation, stress response, and neuroplasticity as potential contributors to neural abnormalities and provide potentially unique biomarkers and treatment targets for pediatric PTSD.

scholarly journals Comparison of latent typologies of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms across military personnel from India and the US

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 102195
Author(s):  
Ateka A. Contractor ◽  
Nicole H. Weiss ◽  
Melissa R. Schick ◽  
Prathiba Natesan Batley ◽  
Shannon R. Forkus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
The Us

scholarly journals Influence of Spirituality on Depression, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Suicidality in Active Duty Military Personnel

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurel L. Hourani ◽  
Jason Williams ◽  
Valerie Forman-Hoffman ◽  
Marian E. Lane ◽  
Belinda Weimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Combat Exposure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Active Duty Military

Understanding the role of spirituality as a potential coping mechanism for military personnel is important given growing concern about the mental health issues of personnel returning from war. This study seeks to determine the extent to which spirituality is associated with selected mental health problems among active duty military personnel and whether it moderates the relationship between combat exposure/deployment and (a) depression, (b) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and (c) suicidality in active duty military personnel. Data were drawn from the 2008 Department of Defense Survey of Health Related Behaviors Among Active Duty Military Personnel. Over 24,000 randomly selected active duty personnel worldwide completed an anonymous self-report questionnaire. High spirituality had a significant protective effect only for depression symptoms. Medium, as opposed to high or low, levels of spirituality buffered each of the mental health outcomes to some degree. Medium and low spirituality levels predicted depression symptoms but only among those with moderate combat exposure. Medium spirituality levels also predicted PTSD symptoms among those with moderate levels of combat exposure and predicted self-reported suicidal ideation/attempt among those never deployed. These results point to the complex relationship between spirituality and mental health, particularly among military personnel and the need for further research.

Predicting persistent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in UK military personnel who served in Iraq: A longitudinal study

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1191-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto J. Rona ◽  
Margaret Jones ◽  
Josefin Sundin ◽  
Laura Goodwin ◽  
Lisa Hull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder

Predictors of suicidal ideation among active duty military personnel with posttraumatic stress disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 392-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen P. McLean ◽  
Yinyin Zang ◽  
Laurie Zandberg ◽  
Craig J. Bryan ◽  
Natalie Gay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Active Duty Military

scholarly journals Effects of L-Theanine on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Induced Changes in Rat Brain Gene Expression

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Eduardo Ceremuga ◽  
Stephanie Martinson ◽  
Jason Washington ◽  
Robert Revels ◽  
Jessica Wojcicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Induced Changes

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by the occurrence of a traumatic event that is beyond the normal range of human experience. The future of PTSD treatment may specifically target the molecular mechanisms of PTSD. In the US, approximately 20% of adults report taking herbal products to treat medical illnesses. L-theanine is the amino acid in green tea primarily responsible for relaxation effects. No studies have evaluated the potential therapeutic properties of herbal medications on gene expression in PTSD. We evaluated gene expression in PTSD-induced changes in the amygdala and hippocampus of Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were assigned to PTSD-stressed and nonstressed groups that received either saline, midazolam, L-theanine, or L-theanine + midazolam. Amygdala and hippocampus tissue samples were analyzed for changes in gene expression. One-way ANOVA was used to detect significant difference between groups in the amygdala and hippocampus. Of 88 genes examined, 17 had a large effect size greater than 0.138. Of these, 3 genes in the hippocampus and 5 genes in the amygdala were considered significant (P<0.05) between the groups. RT-PCR analysis revealed significant changes between groups in several genes implicated in a variety of disorders ranging from PTSD, anxiety, mood disorders, and substance dependence.

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