The strategic advantage of mature-stage firms: Digitalization and the diversification of professional sport into esports

2022 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Pizzo ◽  
Thilo Kunkel ◽  
Gareth J. Jones ◽  
Bradley J. Baker ◽  
Daniel C. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Professional Sport ◽  
Mature Stage

scholarly journals Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Lower Paleozoic Heituao Shale from Tadong Low Uplift of Tarim Basin, China: Implication for Shale Gas Development

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 635
Author(s):  
Shihu Zhao ◽  
Yanbin Wang ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Honghui Li ◽  
Zhaohui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Tarim Basin ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Lower Paleozoic ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Average Value

Tarim Basin is the largest Petroliferous basin in China, while its shale gas development potential has not been fully revealed. The organic-rich black shale in middle Ordovician Heituao Formation from Tadong low uplift of Tarim Basin has been considered as an important source rock and has the characteristic of large thickness, high organic matter content and high thermal maturity degree. To obtain its development potential, geochemical, mineralogical and mechanics research is conducted based on Rock-Eval pyrolysis, total organic carbon (TOC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and uniaxial compression experiments. The results show that: (1) the TOC content ranges between 0.63 and 2.51 wt% with an average value of 1.22 wt%, the Tmax values are 382–523 °C (average = 468.9 °C), and the S2 value is relatively low which ranges from 0.08 to 1.37 mg HC/g rock (averaging of 0.42 mg HC/g rock); (2) the organic matter of Heituao shale in Tadong low uplift show poor abundance as indicated by low S2 value, gas-prone property, and post mature stage (stage of dry gas). (3) Quartz is the main mineral component in Heituao shale samples, accounting for 26–94 wt% with an average of 72 wt%. Additionally, its Young’s modulus ranges from 20.0 to 23.1 GPa with an average of 21.2 GPa, Poisson’s ratio ranges between 0.11 and 0.21 (average = 0.15); (4) the fracability parameter of brittleness index (BI) ranges between 0.28 and 0.99 (averaging of 0.85), indicating good fracability potential of Heituao shale of Tadong low uplift and has the potential for shale gas development. This study reveals the shale gas accumulation potential in middle Ordovician of the Tarim Basin, and beneficial for future exploration and production practice.

scholarly journals Prediction Model of the Key Components for Lodging Resistance in Rapeseed Stalk Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jie Kuai ◽  
Shengyong Xu ◽  
Cheng Guo ◽  
Kun Lu ◽  
Yaoze Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Physiological Basis

The chemical composition of rape stalk is the physiological basis for its lodging resistance. By taking the advantage of NIRS, we developed a rapid method to determine the content of six key composition without crushing the stalk. Rapeseed stalks in the mature stage of growth were collected from three cultivation modes over the course of 2 years. First, we used the near-infrared spectroscope to scan seven positions on the stalk samples and took their average to form the spectral data. The stalks were then crushed and sieved; then the ratio of carbon and nitrogen, ratio of acid-insoluble lignin and lignin, and the content of soluble sugar and cellulose were determined using the combustion method, weighing method, and colorimetric method, respectively. The partial least squares regression (PLSR) method was used to establish a prediction model between the spectral data and the chemical measurements, and all models were evaluated by an internal interaction verification and an external independent test set sample. To improve the accuracy of the model and reduce the computing time, some optimization methods have been applied. Some outliers were removed, and then the data were preprocessed to determine the best spectral information band and the optimal principal component number. The results showed that elimination of outliers effectively improved the precision of the prediction model and that no spectral pretreatment method exhibited the highest prediction accuracy. In summary, the NIRS-based prediction model could facilitate the rapid nondestructive detection in the key components of rapeseed stalk.

Tracking a Long-Lasting Outer Tropical Cyclone Rainband: Origin and Convective Transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 3267-3283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Ku Yu ◽  
Che-Yu Lin ◽  
Jhang-Shuo Luo
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Vertical Shear ◽  
Convective Precipitation ◽  
Squall Line ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Dynamical Interaction ◽  
Cold Pools

Abstract This study used radar and surface observations to track a long-lasting outer tropical cyclone rainband (TCR) of Typhoon Jangmi (2008) over a considerable period of time (~10 h) from its formative to mature stage. Detailed analyses of these unique observations indicate that the TCR was initiated on the eastern side of the typhoon at a radial distance of ~190 km as it detached from the upwind segment of a stratiform rainband located close to the inner-core boundary. The outer rainband, as it propagated cyclonically outward, underwent a prominent convective transformation from generally stratiform precipitation during the earlier period to highly organized, convective precipitation during its mature stage. The transformation was accompanied by a clear trend of surface kinematics and thermodynamics toward squall-line-like features. The observed intensification of the rainband was not simply related to the spatial variation of the ambient CAPE or potential instability; instead, the dynamical interaction between the prerainband vertical shear and cold pools, with progression toward increasingly optimal conditions over time, provides a reasonable explanation for the temporal alternation of the precipitation intensity. The increasing intensity of cold pools was suggested to play an essential role in the convective transformation for the rainband. The propagation characteristics of the studied TCR were distinctly different from those of wave disturbances frequently documented within the cores of tropical cyclones; however, they were consistent with the theoretically predicted propagation of convectively generated cold pools. The convective transformation, as documented in the present case, is anticipated to be one of the fundamental processes determining the evolving and structural nature of outer TCRs.

scholarly journals Sport Spectatorship and Life Satisfaction: A Multicountry Investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhei Inoue ◽  
Mikihiro Sato ◽  
Kevin Filo ◽  
James Du ◽  
Daniel C. Funk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Sport ◽  
Team Identification ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Satisfaction Relationship

Elite and professional sport events have been recognized as potential mechanisms to enhance well-being. This multicountry study investigates how engagement in such events, behaviorally through live spectating and psychologically through team identification, is associated with life satisfaction. Data from Australia (N = 268) revealed a positive association between live spectating and life satisfaction through a two-wave design measuring live spectating and life satisfaction in separate surveys. Data from the United States (N = 564) confirmed the live spectating–life satisfaction relationship found in Study 1. Additionally, Study 2 revealed individuals with higher levels of team identification perceived greater emotional support from other fans, and this perception, in turn, predicted life satisfaction. Our findings provide sport managers with implications for positioning appeals in support of sport programs and designing events that facilitate engagement to promote life satisfaction in the community.

A comparison of zulu sorghum, bulrush millet and white panicum in terms of yield, forage quality and milk production

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (73) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH Stobbs
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Tropical Pastures ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Large Bulk ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Yield and nutritive value of three summer annual forages, hybrid forage sorghum (Sorghum spp. hybrid cv. Zulu), bulrush millet (Pennisetum typhoides cv. Tamworth) and white panicum millet (Echinochloa crusgalli var. edulis) were determined in three experiments. Uninterrupted growth was measured every 2 weeks between 4 and 12 weeks after sowing, and leaf, stem and inflorescence components analysed for nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium and dry matter digestibility by an in vitro technique. The value of 10-week-old herbage, from crops grown with 50 kg ha-1 N, was determined by grazing with 18 Jersey cows and by feeding chopped material to 12 cows indoors. White panicum was the lowest yielding forage (up to 6,360 kg ha-1 at 10 weeks) but contained the highest concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in both leaf and stem fractions at all stages of growth. After 10 weeks growth this feed contained a high proportion of seed and was eaten in arger quantities than zulu sorghum or bulrush millet. Cows grazing white panicum produced the highestr lmilk yields (6.5 and 7.1 kg cow-1 day-1 indoors and grazed) and milk from these cows contained a highe solids-not-fat and protein content than milk from cows fed bulrush millet or sorghum. Zulu sorghum was highest yielding (1 1,240 kg ha-1 at 12 weeks in experiment 1 and 81 50 kg ha-1 at 10 weeks in experiment 2). With advancing maturity stem content increased (>80 per cent from 8 weeks onwards) and the nitrogen content of both leaf and stem fractions rapidly declined to sub-optimum levels. Milk production of cows feeding on zulu sorghum was low, averaging 4.7 and 6.0 kg cow-1 day-1 for indoor and grazing experiments. Bulrush millet produced high forage yields with a higher leaf content than zulu sorghum and milk yields were higher. Butterfat content of milk from cows feeding on bulrush millet was lower than when cows were fed the other forages. It was concluded that these three forages are capable of providing a large bulk of feed but their feeding value at a semi-mature stage of growth is similar to perennial tropical pastures.

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