scholarly journals The human factor: Classification of European community-based behaviour change initiatives

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 567-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Axon ◽  
John Morrissey ◽  
Rosita Aiesha ◽  
Joanne Hillman ◽  
Alexandra Revez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Community ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Change Initiatives

scholarly journals Analysis and classification of tem¬perature measurements during melting and casting of alloys using neural networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 856-861
Author(s):  
A. V. Fedosov ◽  
G. V. Chumachenko
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Fully Automatic ◽  
Artificial Neural

The article considers the issues of monitoring the thermal conditions of alloys melting and casting at foundries. It is noted that the least reliable method is when the measurement and fixing the temperature is assigned to the worker. On the other hand, a fully automatic approach is not always available for small foundries. In this regard, the expediency of using an automated approach is shown, in which the measurement is assigned to the worker, and the values are recorded automatically. This method assumes implementation of an algorithm for automatic classification of temperature measurements based on an end-to-end array of data obtained in the production stream. The solving of this task is divided into three stages. Preparing of raw data for classification process is provided on the first stage. On the second stage, the task of measurement classification is solved by using neural network principles. Analysis of the results of the artificial neural network has shown its high efficiency and degree of their correspondence with the actual situation on the work site. It was also noted that the application of artificial neural networks principles makes the classification process flexible, due to the ability to easily supplement the process with new parameters and neurons. The final stage is analysis of the obtained results. Correctly performed data classification provides an opportunity not only to assess compliance with technological discipline at the site, but also to improve the process of identifying the causes of casting defects. Application of the proposed approach allows us to reduce the influence of human factor in the analysis of thermal conditions of alloys melting and casting with minimal costs for melting monitoring.

scholarly journals Theory of Change in Digital Behavior Change Interventions (Dbcis) And Community-Based Change Initiatives – A General Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 554-569
Author(s):  
Dana Rad ◽  
Gavril Rad
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Theory Of Change ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Change Initiatives ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Intermediate Outcomes ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Theories Of Change

A theory of change is a purposeful model of how an initiative, such as a policy, a strategy, a program, a project or an intervention contributes through a chain of early and intermediate outcomes to the intended result. Theories of change help navigate the complexity of social change. Digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs) and Community-based change initiatives represent complex designable systems. The goal of the DCBI is to provide an effective theoretical framework for behavioral change to practitioners that offer different forms of psychological intervention based on scientifically validated practices. Applying theory of change when designing digital individual and community interventions for optimizing digital wellbeing helps practitioners to achieve results in practice, as this strategic approach is generally considered an evidence-based framework. Theory of change is useful to guide the strategic thinking and action, as most of DCBI/ Community-based change initiatives research endeavors are active in a complex situation, often unplanned events happening. Conclusions and implications are discussed.

Addressing Marine Wildlife Entanglement in Derelict Fishing Nets Using Community-Based Social Marketing: Case Study and Lessons Learnt

2021 ◽  
pp. 152450042110538
Author(s):  
Maïa Sarrouf Willson ◽  
Craig Turley ◽  
Lamees A. Daar ◽  
Hussein Al Masroori ◽  
Hussain Al Muscati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Community Based ◽  
One To One ◽  
Marine Wildlife

Background Entanglement of marine species, particularly endangered sea turtles and cetaceans, in abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear is a major conservation concern. Focus of the Article This case study applies Community-Based Social Marketing (CBSM) to reduce marine wildlife net entanglement in the waters surrounding Masirah Island, a marine biodiversity hotspot in Oman. Importance to the Social Marketing Field The study demonstrates the use of social marketing tools in biodiversity conservation, bringing new knowledge to the cross-application of these two fields. Methods The CBSM methodology was applied to select behaviours, identify barriers and benefits, develop strategies and design a pilot study. The responsible disposal of derelict nets in skip bins was selected as the target behaviour, and a mix of behavioural change tools was applied to achieve change: convenience (installation of three skip bins), education (installation of informative signs, distribution of awareness posters, one-to-one engagement with fishers on the beaches), prompts (installation of signs and posters on vessels) and social norms (one-to-one engagement with key influencers and decision makers). The monitoring of behaviour change took place through structured observations over 23 weeks, focussing on the number of nets disposed of in the allocated skip bins. Results Results showed a low level of behaviour adoption rate by skiff and launch vessel fisheries, respectively, 5.36% and 2.58%. Positive results were observed for a short time but did not reach the estimated target value throughout the study period. Recommendations for Research Our pilot study did not lead to broad-scale implementation and we recommend further awareness and engagement with the target audience, trials of various behaviour change tools and increase field monitoring time. We further recommend the application and funding of behaviour change methods applied to fishers with the incorporation of conventional financial, conservation and regulatory tools to support resource management. Limitations Our results show that focussing on specific behaviours with appropriate measurement is both resource and time demanding to solve pressing conservation problems, particularly ones generated by complex industries such as fishing. Various lessons, useful for other social marketers, have been drawn from our evaluation of the overall study.

scholarly journals Measuring memory impairment in community-based patients with schizophrenia

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Al-Uzri ◽  
M. A. Reveley ◽  
L. Owen ◽  
J. Bruce ◽  
S. Frost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Reading Test ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Adult Reading ◽  
National Adult Reading Test ◽  
Negative Syndrome

BackgroundThe majority of memory impairment studies in schizophrenia are cohort studies using laboratory-based tests, which make it difficult to estimate the true extent and relevance of memory impairment in patients with schizophrenia in the community.AimsTo examine the extent of memory impairment in community-based patients with schizophrenia using a clinically relevant test.MethodAll patients with schizophrenia (n = 190) in one catchment area were identified, of whom 133 were potentially eligible for the study; 73 patients volunteered to take part. They were assessed using the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT), the National Adult Reading Test, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales and the Office for National Statistics Classification of Occupation. Their performance on the memory test was compared with that of matched controls (n=71).ResultsPatients as a group performed significantly worse (P < 0.001) than controls on the RBMT. Using the RBMT normative scores, 81% of patients were found to have impaired memory compared with 28% of controls.ConclusionsUsing a clinically relevant test, the majority of community-based patients with schizophrenia may have memory impairment.

scholarly journals Automated classification of depression from structural brain measures across two independent community‐based cohorts

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (14) ◽  
pp. 3922-3937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleks Stolicyn ◽  
Mathew A. Harris ◽  
Xueyi Shen ◽  
Miruna C. Barbu ◽  
Mark J. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automated Classification ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Structural Brain

Prevalence and impact of migrainous vertigo in mid-life women: A community-based study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Chi Hsu ◽  
Shuu-Jiun Wang ◽  
Jong-Ling Fuh
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
Headache Disorder ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Migrainous Vertigo ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Probable Migraine

We surveyed 1436 women aged 40–54 years in the community. Of these, 278 (19.4%) were diagnosed with migraine or probable migraine based on the International Classification of Headache Disorder criteria. The diagnoses of migrainous vertigo (MV) were modified from Neuhauser’s criteria. Of the 278 women, 238 (85.6%) underwent an interview and 72 (30.3%) of those with migraine or probable migraine had MV. The 1-year prevalence of MV among mid-life women was 5.0% (95% CI, 4.0–6.3%). The MV subjects had a higher proportion of aura (23.6% vs 9.6%; OR, 2.9), nausea (76.4% vs 55.8%; OR, 2.6) and photophobia (61.1% vs 41.7%; OR, 2.2) compared with the migraine subjects without MV. The migrainous subjects with and without MV had similar Short-Form 36 (SF-36) scores. Our study showed that MV was common in mid-life women. Their health-related quality of life was similar in migrainous subjects with MV and those without MV.

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