Grain yield, milling and breadmaking quality responses to foliar diseases in old and modern Argentinean wheat cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 103211
Author(s):  
Ginna P. Rozo-Ortega ◽  
Román A. Serrago ◽  
Patricio J. Lo Valvo ◽  
Maria C. Fleitas ◽  
María R. Simón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breadmaking Quality ◽  
Foliar Diseases

Genetic Improvement of Root Growth and Its Relationship with Grain Yield of Wheat Cultivars in the Middle-Lower Yangtze River

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 613
Author(s):  
Zhong-Wei TIAN ◽  
Yong-Hui FAN ◽  
Mei YIN ◽  
Fang-Rui WANG ◽  
Jian CAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yangtze River ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Lower Yangtze

Effects of Anti-Sense Thioredoxin s on Grain Yield and Quality Prop-erties in Two Wheat Cultivars with Different Quality Types

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1877-1882
Author(s):  
Jiang-Ping REN ◽  
Na WANG ◽  
Xin-Guo WANG ◽  
Yong-Chun LI ◽  
Hong-Bin NIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

Contribution of Stem Dry Matter to Grain Yield in Wheat Cultivars

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Pheloung ◽  
KHM Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate ◽  
Days After Anthesis

Field experiments were conducted in the eastern wheat belt of Western Australia in a dry year with and without irrigation (1987) and in a wet year (1988), comparing three cultivars of wheat differing in height and yield potential. The aim of the study was to determine the contribution of remobilisable stem dry matter to grain dry matter under different water regimes in old and modern wheats. Stem non-structural carbohydrate was labelled with 14C 1 day after anthesis and the activity and weight of this pool and the grain was measured at 2, 18 and 58 days after anthesis. Gutha and Kulin, modern tall and semi-dwarf cultivars respectively, yielded higher than Gamenya, a tall older cultivar in all conditions, but the percentage reduction in yield under water stress was greater for the modern cultivars (41, 34 and 23%). In the grain of Gamenya, the increase in 14C activity after the initial labelling was highest under water stress. Generally, loss of 14C activity from the non-structural stem dry matter was less than the increase in grain activity under water stress but similar to or greater than grain activity increase under well watered conditions. Averaged over environments and cultivars, non-structural dry matter stored in the stem contributed at least 20% of the grain dry matter.

Variation in harvest index of modern spring barley, oat and wheat cultivars adapted to northern growing conditions

2007 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. PELTONEN-SAINIO ◽  
S. MUURINEN ◽  
A. RAJALA ◽  
L. JAUHIAINEN
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Cereal Species ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Cereal Cultivars

SUMMARYIncreased harvest index (HI) has been one of the principal factors contributing to genetic yield improvements in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oat (Avena sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Although high HI demonstrates high-yielding ability when cultivars are compared, it can also indicate challenges to yield formation when comparisons are made across differing growing conditions. The present study was designed to investigate variation in HI among modern cereal cultivars relative to that brought about by a northern environment, to assess whether HI still explains the majority of the differences in grain yield when only modern cereal cultivars are compared, and to monitor key traits contributing to HI. Stability of HI was also investigated with reference to the role of tillers. Twelve experiments (3 years, two locations, two nitrogen fertilizer regimes) were carried out in southern Finland to evaluate 12 two-row spring barley, 10 six-row barley, 10 oat and 11 wheat cultivars. In addition to HI, days to heading and maturity, length of grain filling period, grain yield, test weight and 13 traits characterizing plant stand structure were measured and analysed with principal component analysis (PCA) to detect traits associated with HI and those contributing to stability of HI. Although only modern cereals were studied, differences among cultivars were significant both in mean HI and stability of HI, and HI was associated with short plant stature in all modern cereal species. Also, single grain weight was associated with HI in all species. Differences between, but not within, species in HI were partly attributable to differences in tiller performance. Grain yield was associated closely with HI except in two-row barley. It may be possible to further increase HI of wheat, as it still was relatively low. High HI did, however, not indicate the degree of success in yield determination when environments are compared.

scholarly journals Grain yield and competitive ability against weeds in modern and heritage common wheat cultivars are differently influenced by sowing density

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariateresa Lazzaro ◽  
Ambrogio Costanzo ◽  
Dalia Hosam Farag ◽  
Paolo Bàrberi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Modern Cultivar ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Crop Stand

Sowing density can have a strong impact on crop stand development during wheat growing cycle. In organic and low-input agriculture, and therefore with minimum or nil use of chemical herbicides, increased sowing density is expected to affect not only grain yield but also weed suppression. In this study we tested, under Mediterranean conditions, six common wheat cultivars (three modern and three heritage) and two three-component mixtures (arranged by combining the three modern or the three heritage cultivars). The different crop stands were tested at sowing densities of 250 (low) and 400 (high, similar to standard sowing density used by local farmers) viable seeds m-2 for two growing seasons. We did not detect a significant effect of crop stand diversity (single cultivars vs mixtures) on grain yield and weed suppression. Differences were ascribed to type of cultivars used (heritage vs modern). Compared to high sowing density, in modern cultivars grain yield did not decrease significantly with low sowing density whereas in heritage cultivars it increased by 15.6%, possibly also because of 21.5% lower plant lodging. Weed biomass increased with low sowing density both in heritage and modern cultivar crop stand types. However, heritage crop stands had, on average, a lower weed biomass (56%) than modern crop stands. Moreover, weed biomass in heritage crop stands at low density (6.82 ± 1.50 g m-2) was lower than that of modern cultivars at the same sowing density (15.54 ± 3.35 g m-2), confirming the higher suppressive potential of the former. We can conclude that lower sowing density can be advisable when using heritage crop stands as it keeps productivity while decreasing plant lodging and maintaining weeds under control.

scholarly journals Reaction to Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) of Six New Wheat Cultivars Widely Grown in Transylvania

1970 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sardar AMIN ◽  
Marin ARDELEAN ◽  
Vasile MOLDOVAN ◽  
Rodica CADAR
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Developmental Progress ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Symptom Intensity ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Artificial Inoculations

Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium spp., has become one of the most destructive diseases in the world’s wheat growing areas , especially in the humid and semihumid regions (Paillard et al. 2004, Mesterhazy 1978, Stack & Mullen 1985; Kiecana 1987; Kiecana et al. 1988). Six winter wheat cultivars, recently released and widely grown in Trasylvania, have been evaluated for FHB resistance during 2006. The evaluation was made by means of artificial inoculations with Fusarium graminearum and assesment of symptom intensity by computing AUDPC index (Area Under Developmental Progress Curve). Based on these data, two cultivars (Dumbrava and Turda 195) were considered as resistant, two cultivars (Ardeal and Arieşan) as medium resistant and other two cultivars (Fundulea 4 and GK Öthalom) as susceptible to FHB. The reaction to FHB of the six tested cultivars, based on the postharvest indices, showed significant differences among these cultivars as far as the yield elements and the total grain yield were considered. Actually, in the resistant cultivars, both the total grain yield and some of the yield elements (spike wight, grain weght/spike and 1000 kernel weigt) were significantly less affected by FHB than in medium resistant and susceptible cultivars.

scholarly journals Response of wheat cultivars to foliar potassium fertilization under irrigated saline environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kumar ◽  
A. Sarangi ◽  
D. K. Singh ◽  
A.R. Rao ◽  
S. Sudhishri
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Heading Stage

A field experiment with split-split plot design (SSPD) was conducted to study the response of two winter wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) cultivars (viz. salt tolerant cultivar KRL-1-4 and salt non-tolerant cultivar HD-2894) under saline irrigation regimes with and without foliar potassium fertilization on growth and grain yield of wheat during rabi 2011-12 and 2012-13. Potassium in the ratio of K+: Na+ (1: 10) was applied as foliar application during the heading stage of the crop. Results showed that the grain yield of KRL-1-4 and HD-2894 cultivars with foliar potassium fertilization at the heading stage increased by 6.5 to 22% and 3 to 15% during rabi 2011-2012, respectively under different saline irrigation regimes as compared to the control. Moreover, the results of rabi 2012-13 showed an increase in grain yield ranging from 4.5 to 20% for KRL-1-4 as compared to the control. Statistical analysis of grain yield parameter showed that the foliar potassium application in both varieties resulted in significant yield difference at 0.05 probability level as compared to the non-foliar application. Overall, it was observed that the foliar potassium fertilization increased the grain yield of both wheat cultivars, while the salt tolerant cultivar performed better than the salt non-tolerant cultivar under irrigated saline regimes.

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