scholarly journals Irregular identification of structural models with nonparametric unobserved heterogeneity

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Escanciano
Keyword(s):  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Structural Models

scholarly journals A Distributional Framework for Matched Employer Employee Data

Econometrica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphane Bonhomme ◽  
Thibaut Lamadon ◽  
Elena Manresa
Keyword(s):  
Firm Heterogeneity ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Static Model ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Nonlinear Interactions ◽  
Worker Mobility ◽  
Earnings Dynamics ◽  
Earnings Dispersion ◽  
Employee Data

We propose a framework to identify and estimate earnings distributions and worker composition on matched panel data, allowing for two‐sided worker‐firm unobserved heterogeneity and complementarities in earnings. We introduce two models: a static model that allows for nonlinear interactions between workers and firms, and a dynamic model that allows, in addition, for Markovian earnings dynamics and endogenous mobility. We show that this framework nests a number of structural models of wages and worker mobility. We establish identification in short panels, and develop tractable two‐step estimators where firms are classified in a first step. Applying our method to Swedish administrative data, we find that log‐earnings are approximately additive in worker and firm heterogeneity. Our estimates imply the presence of strong sorting patterns between workers and firms, and a small contribution of firms—net of worker composition—to earnings dispersion. In addition, we document that wages have a direct effect on mobility, and that, beyond their dependence on the current firm, earnings after a job move also depend on the previous employer.

scholarly journals What Have We Learned from Structural Models?

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Blundell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Structural Function ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Observed Behavior

A structural economic model is one where the structure of decision making is incorporated in the model specification. Structural models aim to identify three distinct, but related, objects: (i) structural “deep” parameters; (ii) underlying mechanisms; (iii) policy counterfactuals. The ability to provide counterfactual predictions sets structural models apart from reduced-form models. The focus is on studies that allow a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying observed behavior and that provide reliable insights about policy counterfactuals. Emphasis is given to models that minimize assumptions on the structural function and on unobserved heterogeneity and approaches that align structural and “reduced form” moments.

Economic Value for University Services: Modelling and Heterogeneity Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 671-690
Author(s):  
Raquel Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
David Jiménez-Castillo ◽  
Angeles Iniesta-Bonillo
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Heterogeneity Analysis ◽  
University Services ◽  
Value Model

The study described here develops a perceived value model, from the alumni's perspective, to determine the sources of economic value universities must focus on to enhance satisfaction, organisational image and identification. The assessment of university audiences' perceived value of service is increasingly critical for universities to become more innovative and competitive, yet research rarely examines the nature, effects or perceptions of value in this context. The study also aims to identify alumni-specific differences in the model, considering the existence of unobserved heterogeneity. Survey data from a sample of 500 alumni were examined using partial least squares (PLS) and Finite Mixture PLS. Overall results support the model, but the heterogeneity analysis differentiates between two latent classes in the number of sources of economic value and the intensity and significance of the proposed relationships. The findings provide useful theoretical and practical insights, and highlight the importance of uncovering heterogeneity in structural models.

Validation of the Short Dark Triad in a German Sample

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Caroline Wehner ◽  
Ulrike Maaß ◽  
Marius Leckelt ◽  
Mitja D. Back ◽  
Matthias Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Nomological Network ◽  
Competitive Test ◽  
Three Factor ◽  
Behavioral Criteria

Abstract. The structure, correlates, and assessment of the Dark Triad are widely discussed in several fields of psychology. Based on the German version of the Short Dark Triad (SDT), we add to this by (a) providing a competitive test of existing structural models, (b) testing the nomological network, and (c) proposing an ultrashort 9-item version of the SDT (uSDT). A sample of N = 969 participants provided data on the SDT and a range of further measures. Our competitive test of five structural models revealed that fit indices and nomological network assumptions were best met in a three-factor model, with separate factors for psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism. The results provided an extensive overview of the raw, unique, and shared associations of Dark Triad dimensions with narcissism facets, sadism, impulsivity, self-esteem, sensation seeking, the Big Five, maladaptive personality traits, sociosexual orientation, and behavioral criteria. Finally, the uSDT exhibited satisfactory psychometric properties. The highest overlap in expected relations between SDT and uSDT, and convergent and discriminant measures was also found for the three-factor model. Our study underlines the utility of a three-factor model of the Dark Triad, extends findings on its nomological network, and provides an ultrashort instrument.

University Dropout

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel C. Voelkle ◽  
Nicolas Sander
Keyword(s):  
Grade Point Average ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
School Grade ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
High School Grade ◽  
Hands On ◽  
University Dropout ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A Prospective Study

University dropout is a politically and economically important factor. While a number of studies address this issue cross-sectionally by analyzing different cohorts, or retrospectively via questionnaires, few of them are truly longitudinal and focus on the individual as the unit of interest. In contrast to these studies, an individual differences perspective is adopted in the present paper. For this purpose, a hands-on introduction to a recently proposed structural equation (SEM) approach to discrete-time survival analysis is provided ( Muthén & Masyn, 2005 ). In a next step, a prospective study with N = 1096 students, observed across four semesters, is introduced. As expected, average university grade proved to be an important predictor of future dropout, while high-school grade-point average (GPA) yielded no incremental predictive validity but was completely mediated by university grade. Accounting for unobserved heterogeneity, three latent classes could be identified with differential predictor-criterion relations, suggesting the need to pay closer attention to the composition of the student population.

Migration and the Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas John Cooke ◽  
Ian Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Dynamics Models

It is widely presumed that information and communication technologies, or ICTs, enable migration in several ways; primarily by reducing the costs of migration. However, a reconsideration of the relationship between ICTs and migration suggests that ICTs may just as well hinder migration; primarily by reducing the costs of not moving.  Using data from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics, models that control for sources of observed and unobserved heterogeneity indicate a strong negative effect of ICT use on inter-state migration within the United States. These results help to explain the long-term decline in internal migration within the United States.

Structural models of water

2006 ◽  
Vol 176 (8) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gari N. Sarkisov
Keyword(s):  
Structural Models
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